Database Design

If you perform a task repeatedly in Microsoft Excel, you can automate the task with a macro. A macro is a series of commands and functions (function: A prewritten formula that takes a value or values, performs an operation, and returns a value or values. Use functions to simplify and shorten formulas on a worksheet, especially those that perform lengthy or complex calculations.) that are stored in a Microsoft Visual Basic module (module: A collection of declarations, statements, and procedures stored together as one named unit. There are two types of modules: standard modules and class modules.) and can be run whenever you need to perform the task. For example, if you often enter long text strings in cells, you can create a macro to format those cells so that the text wraps.

The Database Approach has four common characteristics. These are: Self-describing nature, support multiple user view of data, share the data and multiple user transaction processing and insulation between data and data abstraction.

In case you have no background in computer science, entity relationship is a method that conceptually identifies the interacting, and independent objects( both physical and otherwise) in an information system with the view to avoid data redundancy, maintain data integrity, improve data efficiency, increase resource utilization in terms of storage management and access speed or system response time. Pls let stop here. An instance of your diagram, which I will stress you little, is to quickly image

1. A hostel and rooms in it, here Hostel as well as the rooms are treated as different entities.

2. imagine manager and employee under him in an organization, even though they can all be referred to as employees yet manager is different entity

In a nut shell we use a line to link two interacting entities and the cardinality( which is to be discuss professionally as either one to one, one to many). That is all.

I am not too good at drawing but I could conceptualize it mentally.

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ER diagram is Entity Relationship Diagram which shows relationship between different entities in a process....

Data Flow diagram is a symbolic structure which shows the flow of data how it is

used in diff stages in a particular process....

Data is all of the information that is stored in a database (a file that stores records), it remains to be data unless it is published or verified as accurate and useful.

Query

Input device (like a keyboard), output device (like a monitor), memory (like a hard drive), and processor (Intel is a designer of these).

Use the table wizard or design view.

The simplest example of a database is a list of items. This could namers of friends, names of plants, TV Channels and so on. eg NAME Brian Thomas Elsie John .. ... .. and so on Each line or row in the list is called a 'Record' (starting with Brian) which has only one Field called NAME. As you add more information about each person you need to add fields (though usually you decide at the beginning of the design phase just what Fields you want - and their type or format eg., numeric, alphanumeric, text, date, wrapped text etc.) Lets add a new field called AGE and add some data to the table.. NAME AGE Brian 21 Thomas 32 Elsie 19 John 47 We now have 4 RECORDS each of which has 2 FIELDS.

There are four types of commands in Structured query language. One of the four type of command includes data definition language. Data definition language includes create , delete , drop command .

Drawing Entity Relationship diagram between the various entities of any Payroll System. Example relationship between departments and employee, Leaves and Employee, etc., Drawing the same will help to normalize and improve the Database Design.

when i need to see table relationships and sort data by custom fields

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The diagram for airline reservation system can be found by doing an internet search. It includes the day of the week and the flight.

The atchiteture of a database system is the design of the database for a given application. In some cases an application may be divided into multiple databases. Each database contains one or more tables, each of which contain one or more fields. Fields within a database contain the data required by the associated application, and the business that uses it. The architecture of a database is the physical design of the datbase, its tables, and associated objects such as Stored Procedures, Triggers, Functions, and routines.

what is a Absolute reference

schools use databases to keep record of students which may include: first-last-middle name, age, grade, medical info, home address, parent contact info, nationality. etc.

it is a like an eduaction like you just going to learn about math a feild in computers is like just go ing to learn about math __________________________________________________________ A computer field is a specific area of knowledge dealing with computers. Such as programming, repair, etc.

Advantages include built-in usability wizards, cost, and saving database information to a single file. Disadvantages include not having multi-user functionality, being slow when using maximum data, and inability for a database to contain over two GB of data.

You can search for data using SQL statements.

SELECT <what fields you want to see> FROM <what table has those fields and your data> WHERE <some conditional for the item you're searching for>;

Data flow diagram for an online examination system can be made by the help of a visual basic program. You can also use online software's to make such diagram.

An Open System is a computing platform that uses Open Source softwares rather than Closed Source/Proprietary softwares.

Closed source software may charge for their software, but might not.

If a development firm releases software for free, but does not release the source code to the public, this is called "Freeware."

Proprietary software generally does not distribute their software for free, and it follows that the owners do not distribute the source code either.

An few examples of proprietary software are Microsoft Windows (Operating system), Microsoft Office (Office Software Suite), Nero (CD/DVD Burning Software), and WinRAR (Archiving Tool).

The point of an Open System is to break away from the use of software that you have to pay for. Some people also go a step further and refuse to use software that the owners do not release the source code of.

This principle is especially useful in business, where a company can save a lot of money making their employees use Free and Open Source software rather than paying licensing fees to use one product on multiple machines.

A few examples of Free and Open Source softwares that do the same job as the Proprietary softwares cites above are:

Debian Linux (Operating System), Open Office (Office Software Suite), K3b (CD/DVD Buring Software), PeaZip (Archiving Tool).

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There are lots of options depending on how complex you want to get. One is Microsoft Retail management System which can connect multiple stores together. The key parts to a system are the inventory management, point of sale (POS) which interfaces with the inventory database and handles customer transactions and a module to connect with credit card payment vendors. Other important functions involve order processing, transfers of stock, reports and some have built in accounting modules.

management is a system of authority. infact management won't exist without proper and appropriate authority.Authority is power to get the work done by others and compel them to work systematically.Management cannot perform in absence of authority.Authority and responsibility generally depends upon the position of the managers ( viz. general manager , sales manager , departmental manager , finanace manager ) in the organization.