Electromagnetic Radiation

Light pollution from urban areas and artificial sources like street lights can interfere with astronomers' ability to observe celestial objects clearly. Additionally, radio waves from telecommunications and other sources can disrupt radio telescopes that astronomers use to study the universe.

Light waves are eletromagnetic waves and sound waves are mechanical waves. Additionally, a light wave is a transverse wave that does not require a medium through which to travel. Sound waves, on the other hand, are longitudinal waves where the source transfers the mechanical energy of the sound wave into the medium so it can travel.

The temperature of the dust in the dust cocoon around a protostar can be estimated using Wien's displacement law. At a peak wavelength of 30 microns, the temperature is approximately 100 K.

Sonar (sound navigation and ranging) is the application of a sound wave propagated through some medium (like water) and the reception of reflected energy (the echo) to discover what is there.

It is none of these. Light is the visible part of the spectrum of electro-magnetic energy.

There are two types of colored bulbs. Some are just regular light bulbs with a semi-transparent color coating. A blue light bulb, for instance, will transmit blue light, absorbing out red. It will transmit smaller amounts of different colored light, but to your eye the light coming from the bulb is blue.Others actually emit light a a certain color, such as a yellow street light which is a sodium-vapor lamp. Overall the color you see is the color that is being emitted or transmitted.

The energy received by Earth from the sun in the form of radiation is called solar radiation. This includes visible light, ultraviolet light, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun.

A fluorescent light bulb contains a phosphor coating on the inner surface of the bulb, which converts ultraviolet light produced by the mercury vapor inside the bulb into visible light. LED light bulbs do not contain phosphors but instead use semiconductors to directly convert electrical energy into visible light.

Cones in the retina are the receptor cells that enable us to distinguish different wavelengths of light. There are three types of cones that are sensitive to different wavelengths, allowing us to perceive colors.

The "color" is only the sensation produced in your brain. It depends on exactly which

nerve endings on the rear surface (retina) of your eye are stimulated, and how, and

what signal they send to your brain through your optic nerve. Those receptors in the

retina of your eye respond differently to different wavelengths (frequencies) of light.

And if the wavelength is too long or too short, then they don't respond at all, and you

can't see the radiation ... like radio waves or x-rays.

Radiant heat (from the sun or electric fire) is infra red radiation and behaves like light, travelling in straight lines unless reflected of refracted. Conducted heat as in a metal wire is basically energy of thermal vibration and this energy is passes from atom to atom in the material.

Advantages: Tunnel diodes have high switching speeds and low power consumption, making them ideal for high-frequency applications. They also have a negative resistance region that can be useful in oscillator circuits.

Disadvantages: Tunnel diodes have a limited operating voltage range and are sensitive to temperature variations. They also have limited applications compared to other diode types.

Lower frequency waves have less strength to penetrate. How bad a wave is all depends on how well it penetrates our bodies. Visible light doesn't penetrate our skin, but UV rays (higher than visible) can go through our skin, making it "bad" for us. High frequency waves have more energy and move faster which causes this penetration.

Waves in the electromagnetic spectrum differ in their wavelength and frequency. From longest to shortest wavelength, the spectrum includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. Each type of wave has unique properties and interacting with matter in different ways.

The electromagnetic spectrum includes all forms of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from high-frequency gamma rays and X-rays to visible light and radio waves. It encompasses all wavelengths and frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.

The dual nature of radiation was discovered by Albert Einstein in 1905, through his theory of the photoelectric effect. This theory proposed that light has both wave-like and particle-like properties, leading to the concept of photons.

In undocumented experience in commercial ozone generators, increasing the wt% of oxygen from 21% to 90% doubles the amount of ozone made for a given amount of power applied, roughly linearly. On Mars, where very little free oxygen is available, ozone has been observed to be in the atmosphere. For small changes in oxygen levels, there will be negligible changes in the amount of ozone produced for a given amount of energy from the Sun.

Ultraviolet photons have wavelengths below 400nm. X-ray photons have wavelengths between 0.01nm - 10nm. Photons with wavelengths smaller than xrays' are called gamma rays.

Yes, x-rays can travel through air, but some of the energy is absorbed by the air molecules as they pass through. This is why x-rays are typically used in a controlled setting with protective equipment to minimize exposure to surrounding tissues.

The purpose of the light in a microwave oven is to enable the user to observe the progress

of the cooking, and to serve as another indication ... in addition to the sound of the fan ...

of when the oven is energized. The light is only a convenience, and has no effect on the

operation of the appliance.

Scalar Energy is an esoteric synonym for Static Electricity,

which was the kind of electricity most familiar before Batteries,

Power Plants, Electric Lamps, and is generally considered useless,

BUT, since static electricity machines can be made of Non-Metallic

parts, demonstrations of it seem magical, and using the term

Scalar Energy in commerce is usually associated with fraud,

and claims of new perpetual motion machines. Static electricity

can produce convincing and even useful free power for small lamps

and motors, but generally requires more space than Solar Panels

for the same output, only having any advantage at night time.

Amazing voltage gains are possible with electrostatic machines,

some of which produce Lightning, and in the case of a Van De Graaf

generator, may be confused with a Tesla Coil, which uses another

uncommon form of electromagnetism (High Frequency AC) for

similar Lightning and Spark effects. New secret inventions using

"Scalar Energy", supposedly needing funding for research, are

a common scam.

Amber is called an electret (electricity magnet) because it is non-metallic, and can be electrified (charged) to attract or repel

other non-metallic objects, just like a magnet has been magnetized

and attracts or repels metallic objects. It may follow then, that

Amber (or other "electrets") may be sold for health or magic

in the same way magnets sometimes are. (I do not know how magnets

or electrets affect health.) The word "Electricity" is based on an ancient (Greek or Latin) word meaning "Amber".

When radiation wavelength becomes longer, the energy of the radiation decreases. This generally corresponds to moving from higher energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. ultraviolet, X-rays) to lower energy regions (e.g. infrared, radio waves). This change in energy can affect how the radiation interacts with matter and the environment.

The human eye can detect electromagnetic radiation within the visible light spectrum, which ranges from approximately 400 to 700 nanometers in wavelength. This corresponds to the colors of the rainbow, including violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.

Cherenkov radiation is electromagnetic radiation generated when subatomic particles pass through matter at a speed faster than the speed of light through that type of matter. It is somewhat analogous to the sonic boom generated when objects pass through air faster than the speed of sound; except Cherenkov radiation is an electromagnetic phenomenon and a sonic boom is a sound phenomenon.

Cherenkov radiation is usually seen as blue light. It is most commonly seen in the water surrounding nuclear reactor cores (see photo above), but can also occur in any transparent material (e.g. air, plastic, glass) when it is exposed to enough high speed subatomic particle radiation.

The colors seen when light exits a raindrop are determined by the refraction, dispersion, and reflection of light within the raindrop. Light entering the raindrop is refracted, dispersed into its component colors, and then reflected internally before exiting, creating a spectrum of colors known as a rainbow.