Electronics Engineering

a sequential circuit is an interconnection of combinational circuit and storage elements.The storage elements is called flip-flop,store binary information that indicates the sequentiol circuit at that time.

If it's DC voltage, the relationship between current, resistance and voltage is defined by Ohm's Law.

V = I / R

A little manipulation shows that I = V * R. If The voltage and/or resistance varies with time, an easy way to describe it would be thus:

I(t) = V(t) * R(t)

Where I(t), V(t) and R(t) are all functions of time.

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Speakers need to be matched to the amplifier. This will allow maximum dynamic range of power before distortion. In extreme cases, overloading an amplifier can damage it.

A 4 ohm speaker requires a certain voltage and current to achieve a certain power. A 2 ohm speaker will require less voltage or greater current (ratio the square root of 2) to achieve the same power. The decision is based on the system design, including the design of the cross-over network, if there is one.

A transformer or generator works by changing magnetism into electricity when a magnet is turned on and off. You can move the magnets or you can create a break in the wire or use a switch or you can use alternating current. You need a way to turn the magnet on and off to change magnetic lines of force into electricity. So, to make your DC source work with your transformer, you must have a way to turn it on and off. Automobiles use a transistor to make the DC current from the Battery turn on and off so they can run it through a coil and have high voltage through the spark plugs.

It all depends on the application; 12Vdc leakage in a vehicle can be a real pain to figure out, and 110Vac leaking in your house or industrial appl can waste power and cause unexpected operation.

Mostly Japanese prefer negative logic so you can face negative logic in Japanese equipment only

If you are placing more than one resistors in series, then its combined resistance is higher than when you place these resistors in shunt.

Usualy the largest current is at the lowest voltage side ; so the largest conductor section determine the lowest voltage side ; if the transformer is a set up one , the primary will be the lowest voltage winding ; in the other hand , it 'll be the highest voltage winding

Current transformers are used to supply a ratio of the current flowing through the breaker to equipment such as protective relays and meters. If the CTs are used for protection, they are placed around a breaker to provide different, ideally overlapping, zones of protection.

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A circuit requires two fundamental parts in its most elementary state. Which is a source of energy and a load that will convert the energy in to work.

But not all applications with electricity would require work to be done. In the field of digital systems there are a use for electricity to automate the process of decision making and data management. This type of electrical circuits require:

*Input source of data or signal often as part of a HMI (Human Machine Interface).

*Output of data or signal often as part of a HMI.

*Source of electrical energy.

*Logical process.

*Storage of data.

These types of circuits called digital circuits can be combined with other types of electrical circuits to perform tasks for industrial automation, communication, data processing like with computers and calculators.

Most of consumer electronics are made from carefully designed circuits that consist of resistors, capacitors, transistors, integrated circuits, diodes, switches, transducers, transformers and pre-manufactured modules. The complex structures that these devices are applied to, can result in precise and very useful functions for the benefit of humans and nature.

In the design of electrical circuits, the great challenge is to create a perfect and reliable electrical function from imperfect and fragile components.

The design of basic electrical circuits should always challenge features that improve safety, functionality, reliability, economy and energy efficiency.

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A optical current sensor is used to measure current, In CT there is a use of iron core but as the rating of current to be measured increseS the CT saturation occurs this will leads to inaccurate representation of The current, but this does not ocur in OCS ,It uses light to measure the current,Current flowing in a conductor induces a magnetic field, which, through the Faraday effect, rotates the plane of polarization of thelight traveling in a sensing path encircling the conductor.thus by measurin this rotation the current is measured.(by GAURAV GAUR LNT, INDIA)

It depends on the transistor type, its purpose and use. The common npn or pnp transistor usually has three leads. Fet's and others usually have three to four (should there be a metal case, sometimes a lead is provided for a ground connection for the purposes of shielding), and sometimes, extra leads that are tied to the same point inside the transistor, just to make circuit board design a lot easier or to provide more than one access point for additional circuitry. It's also possible to use some of the leads for additional heat sinking at the internal junction, especially if it's used in R.F. design. On the average, three leads, but some could have more.

For most people: no For some people: A little For a few people: yes

Minterms

• A minterm is a special product of literals, in which each input variable

appears exactly once.

• A function with n variables has 2n minterms (since each variable can

appear complemented or not)

• A three-variable function, such as f(x,y,z), has 23 = 8 minterms:

• Each minterm is true for exactly one combination of inputs:

x'y'z' x'y'z x'yz' x'yz

xy'z' xy'z xyz' xyz

Minterm Is true when… Shorthand

x'y'z' x=0, y=0, z=0 m0

x'y'z x=0, y=0, z=1 m1

x'yz' x=0, y=1, z=0 m2

x'yz x=0, y=1, z=1 m3

xy'z' x=1, y=0, z=0 m4

xy'z x=1, y=0, z=1 m5

xyz' x=1, y=1, z=0 m6

xyz x=1, y=1, z=1 m7

4017 chips count a sequence of 10 events, outputting to 10 outputs, any of which can be connected to reset to count up to any number you want. You could use them to activate other things after a certain amount of time, but in most other cases, other chips will do better (e.g. 4081+4510+4511 to make a digital clock)

Frequency is a noun.

A: The AC line 60 hz constantly goes to zero every 8.33 milliseconds

the potential difference across the single 4ohm resistor is 230volts.

Hamming Parity Error Correction Code, sometimes shortened to ECC.

A switched capacitor is an electronic circuit element used for discrete time signal processing. It works by moving charges into and out of capacitors when switches are opened and closed. ...