Galileo

I just tried to ask the same question, but from what i know is that he contributed in many thing such as: regardless of a bodies mass, they fall at the same rate, also that moving objects retain their velocity unless an unbalanced force acts upon them.

In 1616, the church warned Galileo not to defend the ideas of Copernicus. While remaining publicly silent, he continued his studies. Then in 1932, after he had published " Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems", Galileo stood before the court under the threat of torture. So he knelt before the cardinals and read aloud a signed confession that stated that he agreed that the ideas of Copernicus were false.

No, the Nobel Prize was established in 1895. Only two posthumous awards have ever been given. Neither was to Galileo.

Because everyone from the ancient Greeks onwards knew that the Earth is round.

It's a rather subjective question, but I imagine the most common answer would be "the valve" or "the transistor."

I believe that it is too true to be correct, but I live next-door to one.

no he was found innocent

He was forced (under threat of torture) to retract his claims and was placed under house arrest for two years.

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Yes he was, because the Church didn't want to hear his theory. :)

-Yacin-

<<>> Galileo was put on trial for heresy after he tried to reinterpret the Bible, which put him in conflict with the Catholic Church.

The Bible says that the Earth is the centre of the Universe, and the Church accepted the Ptolemaic system which is geocentric. Galileo on the other hand promoted the new Copernican system which put the Sun at the centre. The church told him that it was all right to promote Copernicus's theory as a theory, but not all right to say it was the absolute truth in contradiction of the church's teachings.

The church also said that if the new theory could be proved right, the church was ready to reconsider.

When Galileo discovered the phases of Venus, which show a definite fault in the Ptolemaic system, he proclaimed that this proved that the Sun must be at the centre. This was not factually right at the time because Tycho Brahe's system explained all the phases of Venus while still placing the Earth at the centre.

Matters took a turn for the worse when Galileo wrote a book explaining the Copernican theory, in which one of the characters supporting the geocentric principle was shown up as an idiot. Many people saw it as a portrayal of the Pope, which led to Galileo's trial, after which he recanted.

But eventually Kepler's model, which has elliptical orbits and the Sun at the centre, was demonstrated to be correct after Newton's discoveries in the science of dynamics.

During the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century, astronomers Copernicus and Galileo discovered controversial information about the universe. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric theory that suggested the sun was the center of the universe which Galileo supported with more evidence. Copernicus's work "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres" and Galileo's "Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World" were both declared unbiblical by the church. Both Copernicus and Galileo were thought of as going against the official position of the church and the church didn't like this because they didn't want people to doubt them. This also upset the church because they believed the sun was created for the earth to provide light and the fact that the earth spins on its axis and orbits the sun would prove the bible is inaccurate. When Galileo was ordered to recant his works, he agreed but as he walked away mumbled "And yet it does move".

He apologized and said he was wrong

apex

The Earth - with some stuff around (or above) it.

Galileo was the first to describe the concept of inertia in his work, but it was Newton who formally defined it as one of his three laws of motion in his Principia Mathematica. Both played crucial roles in developing our understanding of inertia.

Church officials believed the theory contradicted current religious teachings.

The public saw that it was right to throw small children and motor vehicle wrenches at him and his small ostrich.

Because it was demonstrably the best explanation for the observations that could be made.

Galileo's biggest contribution to science was the way he learned about mechanics. Instead of just observing a in nature, he set up experiments. In fact, Galileo was the first scientist to routinely use experiments to test his theories.

The Galileo thermometer is based on a thermoscope designed by Galileo Galilei. There are multiple bubbles filled with different colored liquids and tags that indicate temperature. They sink or rise when their density changes with the temperature of the water around them. The bubble that sinks the farthest is the most accurate temperature.

came across the surprising fact that between 1645 and 1715 there was virtually no sunspot activity at all.

Galileo used more advanced technology to find stronger observational evidence than Copernicus was ever able to provide.

Yes, Galileo was persecuted by the Roman Catholic Church for promoting the heliocentric model of the Solar System, which contradicted the geocentric beliefs held by the Church at the time. In 1633, he was tried by the Inquisition and sentenced to house arrest for the rest of his life.

He got a car and did do

Galileo's full name was Galileo Galilei.

Galileo's pendulum experiment showed that the period of the swing is independent of the amplitude (size) of the swing.

So the independent variable is the size of the swing, and the dependent variable is the period. The experiment showed there was no dependence, for small swings anyway.

The experiment led to the use of the pendulum in clocks.

ham

Yes because it allowed Venus to go behind the Sun (as seen from the Earth), thus allowing Venus to show the gibbous phase observed by Galileo.

Tycho's model had the Moon and Sun orbiting the Earth, and the other five known planets orbiting the Sun. So it was a halfway house between the Ptolemaic system (completely geocentric) and the Copernican system (completely heliocentric).

Tychos model was geocentric while correctly modelling Venus's phases. This was significant because it meant that Venus's phases could not be used as a 'proof' of Copernicus's heliocentric model, as attempted by Galileo.

Eventually these three models were abandoned to the history books after Kepler's heliocentric system with elliptical orbits was accepted; because (a) it modelled the planets' positions more accurately and (b) it was consistent with the later discoveries of gravity and the laws of motion.