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Hard Disk Drives
In a personal computer, a hard disk drive controls the positioning, reading, and writing of the hard disk, where data is stored.
4,496 Questions
What is the difference between disk clean up and disk defragmentation?
Disk defragmentation organises the file structure of harddisk by gathering files that are stored in fragments & piecing them together to form a large fragments.
It makes the drive function more quickly & reduce the amount of hops to read single file.
Disk clean up will delete all the junk & temporary files & will increase the speed of ur computer by creating more space
How many internal hard disk drive connectors on PC?
It depends on your motherboard. You'll need to refer to your motherboard specifications to find out how many (and of what type) hard disks you will be able to connect internally.
How many sata ports can a mother board support?
That depends on chipset. For instance Intel X58 can support up 4 ports natively + 2 for marvell controller. Server motherboards have more SATA ports available. Newer generation motherboards can support 6 and more SATA port natively.
How do you permanently delete files from computer?
My contacts in the military tell me they always use BCWipe to permanently delete files. Some even say that BCWipe is such a powerful and effective tool to completely wipe data, that they won't allow other staff to keep the software on their computer. For many years, I've relied on BCWipe to be 100% certain that my private data cannot be recovered. And it's actually very simple to install and start using in minutes.
http://www.jetico.com/wiping-bcwipe/
There's simply no better way to permanently delete files.
Left click to select the file, then just press the delete key. It is true that this doesn't remove the file from the hard drive, but it does take down the "fence" that protects it, so it can be overwritten. Make sure you empty the recycle bin afterwards - to do this, right click on the Recycle Bin icon, then select 'Empty Recycle Bin.'
Reformatting or a program like Window Washer, and several free programs similar to it, will make them inaccessible. There are several programs available that will overwrite those files multiple times, to ensure that they are not retrievable. Norton security suite has one, I think. There are others, some free.
Use HDCleaner, it will overwrite n-times any file so it won't be found even using recovery software, I've tried it and it really works, this is the solution for those of us leasing software; this app will erase the blank space in your hard drive, too. Yep, it's free. Good Luck!
There are many freeware software available to permanently delete files from Hard disk. These software follows one of many wiping schemes as explained in http://www.globinch.com and they mentioned SDelete from sysinternals as a free utility. The effectiveness of wiping programs depends on how many times (pass) it is overoverwritten.
Another one is "File Shredder".Advantage is it's right click context menu which makes it very convenient.
http://www.skipser.toolsbysk.com/p/2/p/how-to-securely-delete-files-permanently-from-your-computer.html
What is the purpose of a battery on the motherboard?
Every motherboard includes a battery, as well as several other components. The battery is there because it powers the computer. Most batteries have between 2 and 4 hours of life before they have to be plugged in.
How many E IDE connectors are located on new motherboards?
Most still have 1. Some will still have 2, but they are being phased out. I have not yet seen a PATA-less motherboard, but they are definatley on the way, if not already here. That said, 4, 6 and 8 SATA ports are common, and support is good.
If you have legacy devices you need to connect, SATA->PATA devices are made, and fairly cheaply, too.
How many sectors are in one cluster for a 1.5-GB partition using FAT16 Using FAT32?
The default cluster size for a FAT16 partition that is between 1GB and 2GB is 32kb.
What is the approx size of a hard disk?
The physical size of a hard drive varies by the type of the computer it is placed in. Desktop hard drives are approximately 3.5" wide, and 1" high. Laptop drives are approximately 2.5" wide and 1/3" high. Capacity varies widely. In these modern size formats, you can typically find drives anywhere from 20 GB to 1.5 TB.
What is a hard disk and its examples?
storing programs
There are many types of hards. Internal and external are main two types.
What is it called when one Randomly writes magnetic ones and zeroes to a hard disk?
It is known as overwriting, in which a program is used to write zeroes and ones on the hard-drive. Several passes may be made to ensure the original data has been completely overwritten. Simply formatting a hard-drive is no good, as the data is still on the hard-drive, only the links to the data is removed, and the data can be recovered.
What is an external disk drive used for?
An external disk drive has a number of uses. Often it is used simply to back up data stored on an internal disk drive. They are used to store and move data between locations easily for example taking one to work with files from home.
How do you format a external hard drive for a mac?
Open Disk Utility in the Utilities folder within the Applications folder. Select the external disc in the left hand pane and the formatting options on the right. If the external drive is only for use with the Mac select the default Mac OS Extended (Journaled) format.
How do you reinstall the Windows operating system without reformat hard drive?
Yes it is possible to repair windows XP: follow this step:
- Set your first boot device in the Bios to CD-Rom. Insert your Windows XP CD, save the bios settings and exit. Soon "Press any key to boot of CD" will appear on the screen, hit the space bar to continue.
- Now setup will inspect your hardware and software, it then will load various files required for the repair. Just wait and be patient, this may take a few moments.
- Soon a menu will appear (as pictured below), press enter to continue.
- Now the "End User Agreement" Press "F8" if you agree, "ESC" if you don't.
- You will now have to select the installation you wish to repair. Usually there is only one, but sometimes, there may be 2 or more (i.e. you have done a parallel install to resolve a problem), use the up/down arrow key to select the install, and then press "R" to continue.
- Setup will now examine the disk be patient, it can take a few minutes.
- Setup will go through a percentage - 1 to 100%
- A screen will soon appear. Press "F3" to continue
- Now setup will reboot system, wait 15 seconds or just press enter.
- Now it is time to see if this has solved your problems.
: Yes, You can repaire windows without data loss.
How much platinum is in a hard drive?
It's taken me just about forever, but I've finally found some way to answer the simple question "How much platinum is in these hard drive platters showing up on Ebay for salvage?" "The Chemistry of Computing" over at extremetech.com (article2/0,2845,1946290,00.asp) has all the facts: surface layer of Co-Cr-Pt alloy is 40-50% platinum, and the layer is ~30 nm thick. I don't have a hard drive platter in front of me, so let's just forget about the hole in the middle for a moment, so one platter from a 3.5" disk is 3.14*(3.5/2)^2=10.4 sq inches or 67.2 cm^2 ... times the 30 nm thickness (3x10^-6 cm) is 2.0x10-4 cm^3, times the (optimistic) 50% Pd, times the density of Pt (21.45 g/cm^3) and I estimate one platter has at most 2.2 mg Pt. As of 08/29/2008, the platinum spot price was 1470.00 USD per troy ounce, or more usefully, 4.73 cents per miligram. So, congratulations, you've just spent an hour of time and three cents of chemicals (just a guess, probably high) to reclaim 10 cents of platinum, probably still contaminated with cobalt and chromium depending on your recovery method. I hope you bought a whole bunch of platters cheap and rode a bike to pick them up because I doubt you'll be paying for gas let alone the shipping with the platinum. Or hope those early hard drives used a much thicker layer....
How long do things stay on your hard drive after deleting them?
Until they are written over. If you delete 5 files, for example, they will stay on your computer until the space that the files added to your drive is taken up again. Then the files will be permanently gone.
Can you put a windows 98 hard drive in a XP computer and use it as a second drive?
Yes, you can remove a hard drive from an older computer, place it in a new computer, and format it. Simply formatting it will leave it with no operating system, and thus useless in the Windows 98 computer. Installing Windows 98 to the drive from in your new computer may be difficult if your computer exceeds 512 MB of RAM, or if you use a SATA CD/DVD drive. Installing Windows XP to the drive might not work when placed back into the older computer if it doesn't meet XP's system requirements.
External hard drives can use data from an internal hard drive as often as you'd like. To do this, you must have backup software installed on each drive that will allow you to back up the drive when necessary, even if you are not in front of your computer.
How many maga bites are there in one giga bite?
there are 1024 megabites in a gigabite, but a lot of the time, people just say 1000 to make it more easy to calculate stuff
Does the hard drive lose its data when power is removed?
Random Access memory (RAM). It only holds data while the computer is powered up.
What is The correct boot sequence on the computer?
System Boot Sequence
The system
BIOS is what starts the computer running when you turn it on. The following are the steps that a typical boot sequence involves. Of course this will vary by the manufacturer of your hardware, BIOS, etc., and especially by what peripherals you have in the PC. Here is what generally happens when you turn on your system power:
- The internal power supply turns on and initializes. The power supply takes some time until it can generate reliable power for the rest of the computer, and having it turn on prematurely could potentially lead to damage. Therefore, the chipset will generate a reset signal to the processor (the same as if you held the reset button down for a while on your case) until it receives the Power Good signal from the power supply.
- When the reset button is released, the processor will be ready to start executing. When the processor first starts up, it is suffering from amnesia; there is nothing at all in the memory to execute. Of course processor makers know this will happen, so they pre-program the processor to always look at the same place in the system BIOS ROM for the start of the BIOS boot program. This is normally location FFFF0h, right at the end of the system memory. They put it there so that the size of the ROM can be changed without creating compatibility problems. Since there are only 16 bytes left from there to the end of conventional memory, this location just contains a "jump" instruction telling the processor where to go to find the real BIOS startup program.
- The BIOS performs the power-on self test (POST). If there are any fatal errors, the boot process stops. POST beep codes can be found in this area of the Troubleshooting Expert.
- The BIOS looks for the video card. In particular, it looks for the video card's built in BIOS program and runs it. This BIOS is normally found at location C000h in memory. The system BIOS executes the video card BIOS, which initializes the video card. Most modern cards will display information on the screen about the video card. (This is why on a modern PC you usually see something on the screen about the video card before you see the messages from the system BIOS itself).
- The BIOS then looks for other devices' ROMs to see if any of them have BIOSes. Normally, the IDE/ATA hard disk BIOS will be found at C8000h and executed. If any other device BIOSes are found, they are executed as well.
- The BIOS displays its startup screen.
- The BIOS does more tests on the system, including the memory count-up test which you see on the screen. The BIOS will generally display a text error message on the screen if it encounters an error at this point; these error messages and their explanations can be found in this part of the Troubleshooting Expert.
- The BIOS performs a "system inventory" of sorts, doing more tests to determine what sort of hardware is in the system. Modern BIOSes have many automatic settings and will determine memory timing (for example) based on what kind of memory it finds. Many BIOSes can also dynamically set hard drive parameters and access modes, and will determine these at roughly this time. Some will display a message on the screen for each drive they detect and configure this way. The BIOS will also now search for and label logical devices (COM and LPT ports).
- If the BIOS supports the Plug and Play standard, it will detect and configure Plug and Play devices at this time and display a message on the screen for each one it finds. See here for more details on how PnP detects devices and assigns resources.
- The BIOS will display a summary screen about your system's configuration. Checking this page of data can be helpful in diagnosing setup problems, although it can be hard to see because sometimes it flashes on the screen very quickly before scrolling off the top.
- The BIOS begins the search for a drive to boot from. Most modern BIOSes contain a setting that controls if the system should first try to boot from the floppy disk (A:) or first try the hard disk (C:). Some BIOSes will even let you boot from your CD-ROM drive or other devices, depending on the boot sequence BIOS setting.
- Having identified its target boot drive, the BIOS looks for boot information to start the operating system boot process. If it is searching a hard disk, it looks for a master boot record at cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1 (the first sector on the disk); if it is searching a floppy disk, it looks at the same address on the floppy disk for a volume boot sector.
- If it finds what it is looking for, the BIOS starts the process of booting the operating system, using the information in the boot sector. At this point, the code in the boot sector takes over from the BIOS. The DOS boot process is described in detail here. If the first device that the system tries (floppy, hard disk, etc.) is not found, the BIOS will then try the next device in the boot sequence, and continue until it finds a bootable device.
- If no boot device at all can be found, the system will normally display an error message and then freeze up the system. What the error message is depends entirely on the BIOS, and can be anything from the rather clear "No boot device available" to the very cryptic "NO ROM BASIC - SYSTEM HALTED". This will also happen if you have a bootable hard disk partition but forget to set it active.
This process is called a "cold boot" (since the machine was off, or cold, when it started). A "warm boot" is the same thing except it occurs when the machine is rebooted using {Ctrl}+{Alt}+{Delete} or similar. In this case the POST is skipped and the boot process continues roughly at step 8 above.
Why pen drive shows 3.72 GB instead of 4 GB?
If you look at your properties of the pen drive it wil say:
4.001.333.248 bytes this equals 3,72 GB.
Which is greater 750 GB hard drive or 1 TB hard drive?
A 1TB drive has aprox. 1000GB of memory. So 1TB has 250GB more memory than any 750GB drive.
Can i upgrade my hp 530 notebook's CPU processor graphic card and hard drive?
yes if you have a celeron CPU you can upgrade to highter rated celeron's but to a max of 667mhz bus speeds. as for c2d CPU's again providing you keep with the 667mhz bus range the sky is the limit ! mine was a t2700 which i upgraded to a t7600 ! i have also upgraded my memory from 1gig 800mhz to 4gig 800mhz bios sees new CPU and memory correctly and set them correctly
What is the largest partition than can be created on a drive with FAT16?
The original 16-bit version of the FAT file system (FAT16) supported hard disk partitions up to 4GB and files as large as 2GB.
Is a hard disk usually a A B C or D drive?
Both letters are for Hard Disk drive because one hard disc is compartmentalized and these are named C drive, D drive & E Drive etc.
