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Hormones

Hormones are biochemicals produced by the glands in a body. Hormones help to regulate the body's functions. They control hunger, mood, sleep, growth, and a number of other functions.

2,196 Questions

Which hormone is used in IVF treatment?

FSH which is made in the piturity gland and stimulates eggs to mature and oestrogen to be released and LH which stimulates a mature egg to be released.

What gland releases aldosterone?

Adrenal cortex release them.Adrenaline and nor-Adrenaline released by Adreanal medulla.

What effect does glucagon has on blood sugar levels?

Glucagon, just like insulin, does regulate blood glucose level. While insulin helps to decrease blood glucose level, glucagon initiate raising low levels.

Raising blood glucose level becomes vital, as severe hypoglycaemia (very low level) can be fatal. If it occurs, - which can be due to certain drugs, medications, even diabetic medications, or improper dosage of insulin for diabetic patients, too vigorous and prolonged exercise, starving, etc -, glucagon injection can be a lifesaver.

These two hormones, glucagon and insulin, are very important blood glucose concentration regulators.

What hormones make cellular processes?

Cellular operations are altered by hormones, as the hormones that are produced by a body go together to either age a hormone quickly, or to stop the aging of the hormone altogether, essentially killing it.

How do you administer Oxytocin injection?

Read the label on the bottle. It should say that you have to administer it intramuscularly (IM) via needle and syringe.

What is the difference between insulin dependent and insulin independent diabetes?

type 1 diabetes is insulin dependent and type 2 diabetes is insulin independant.

basically meanind type 1 is more serious it can cause death if not treated properly.

Type 2 is not insulin dependent unless the person does not exercise enough and eat right, then some Type 2 Diabetic can become insulin dependent.

What are three target organs of parathyroid hormone?

Bones, kidneys, small intestine.
The classical target organs for parathyroid hormone (PTH) are the bone and kidneys. In uremia, however, numerous studies have shown that PTH may also affect the function of a number of nonclassical organs and tissues besides the bone and kidney, including the brain, heart, smooth muscles, lungs, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, pancreas, adrenal glands, and testes.

Is estradiol bioidentical?

Estradiol is one form of bioidentical that is quite popular, but this term can also refer to synthetic medications as well. Just like with progesterone, you would have to ask whether you are getting a synthetic or a bioidentical if you were pursuing estrodoil therapy.

This is a common misconception about bioidenticals - that they produce somehow different hormones in the body. Bioidenticals and synthetics are both designed to produce the same hormonal changes. It's the ingredients in the forumlas that are different, not the end result.

Who invented the insulin syringe?

That credit goes to Colin Murdoch who invented the modern day plastic disposable syringe in the 1950s. (along with child proof medicine containers and the tranquillizer gun).

It is often claimed that an African American (Phil Brooks) invented the first disposable syringe. This claim is incorrect and may be influenced by a desire to promote notable African Americans. Brooks' syringe is by no means the modern day plastic disposable syringe that everyone is familiar with. In fact, it looks nothing like the one we're used to.

It can rightly be claimed that Brooks was the first person to receive a US Patent for a disposable syringe. This claim needs to be seen in the wider context that is not the syringe we are familiar with and that the US is not the only country in the world to issue patents and earlier patents were issued in other countries.

Does adrenaline lower BAC?

No. Adrenaline does not lower blood alcohol content in any direct way.

Why does the body needs insulin?

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas in the endocrine system with extensive effects on metabolism. The reason we need insulin is because it regulates the blood glucose levels as we eat calories. If these glucose (sugar) levels go too high (as in diabetes), then supplemental insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs are used to keep the blood glucose at more normal levels. If they go too high, it can cause damage in various body systems (e.g., circulatory, kidney, visual/eye retina, etc.). Diabetics either do not produce enough insulin or their bodies are resistant to the effects of insulin for one reason or another and that is why supplemental blood glucose regulators may be needed.

When was insulin developed?

Insulin was discovered as being the mechanism by which carbohydrate is turned into energy by the body.

What does hormone replacement therapy mean?

Hormone therapy is used when a person is experiencing hormonal imbalances, such as women in menopause. It can help relieve menopause symptoms that can be so troublesome for women.

In Menopause, hormonal levels drop causing a lot of painful or irritating symptoms. Taking hormones can make a person feel younger, relieving the symptoms of aging and raising the energy levels.

There are two types of hormones: synthetic and bioidentical. Synthetic are created entirely in a laboratory, while bioidentical hormones are identical to the natural hormones found in a woman's body.

Bioidentical hormones aren't for everyone though; talk to your doctor to see if they would help you.

What do hormones do in your body?

First is the pituitary gland which produces hormones that regulate other glands. By increasing or decreasing the amount of these regulatory hormones, the pituitary can control the function of the glands. For example, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) increases the activity of the thyroid gland, causing it to manufacture and release more thyroid hormone. More TSH will stimulate the thyroid gland into greater activity, while small amounts of TSH will slow the thyroid down.

The pituitary gland itself is under the regulation of another gland - the hypothalamus. In the case of the thyroid, the hypothalamus manufactures a substance called thyrotropin realeasing hormone (TRH), which regulates the production of TSH by the pituitary. So TRH stimulates the pituitary, which releases TSH, which in turn stimulates the thyroid gland.

There are similar regulating substances that the hypothalamus uses to control pituitary function with respect to other glands. In the case of estrogen and progesterone (and testosterone in men), this substance is called gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).

The hypothalamus is under the direct control of the brain. In fact it is a part of the brain that specializes in endocrine function. Thus, the brain and the nervous system are ultimately in control of hormone release and production. This is why your mental and emotional state can have a strong effect on hormone balance and metabolism.

In addition to the brain, each hormone has an ability to regulate its own production. This mechanism is known as negative feedback. Again, I will use the thyroid hormone as an example. As the thyroid hormone is released into the blood, it circulates throughout the body, eventually finding its way to the pituitary and the hypothalamus. Like all the other cells in the body, the cells of these glands have thyroid receptors. As these receptors become more activated, they convey the message that there are increasingly greater amounts of the thyroid hormone present in the circulation. This results in the decreased production of both the TRH and TSH, which leads to lower activity of the thyroid gland.

If the pituitary and hypothalamic receptors do not 'see' enough thyroid hormone, a message is sent to produce more TRH and TSH. A similar feedback loop exists for most hormones in the body.

Where is glucagon made?

Glucagon is made in the pancreas

What causes an increase in prolactin?

Prolactin is the hormone secreted in high levels by women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. If you were recently pregnant, this could be the reason. Men also secrete this hormone but in very small amounts. It could be a pituitary adenoma. I just had an MRI a couple of weeks ago to rule it out because I had elevated prolactin levels. Nothing showed up on the MRI, but combined with several other issues I have been having I was diagnosed with PCOS or polycystic ovarian syndrome. Elevated prolactin is just a hormonal imbalance, and the most likely cause is an adenoma which can usually be easily treated. Other symptoms of an adenoma would be dizziness, blurry vision, headaches, memory loss, etc. Talk with your doctor ASAP about the next step in diagnosis, and don't give up until you find out what it is. It took me 6 years to be officially diagnosed with a disease I knew I had, but no doctor would put all the pieces together, even after testing and family history. That's another thing, get a complete (or as much as you can) family history, this will give the doctor much more insight as to what might be going on, because many things are hereditary, meaning they are passed down from generation to generation. Not necessarily from your mother or father, but they could be from your great grandma's sister or your aunt or uncle...good luck, I hope you find a diagnosis soon, I know how frustrating it can be not to know.

Where cortisol produced?

The gallbladder.

I disagree it is an important hormone in the body, secreted by the adrenal glands.

How does renin work?

Rennin is primarily associated with curdling of milk. The digestive systems of young ones are not developed. Hence, there is a chance that the milk may flow out of the body, without any absorption of nutrients. If this happens, the baby will be deprived of the vital nutrients in milk, which may affect her growth. To prevent this, it is necessary that the milk should stay in the body for a longer time. This is possible only when the milk is in the curdled form. This function is carried out by rennin. Interestingly, the conversion of milk into curd is possible only at 37 degree Celsius, which is the temperature of human body.

What amine hormone helps coordinate body activities with the light dark cycle?

Melatonin. It's released from the pineal gland which increases during darkness

What tissue does cortisol target?

Cortisol affects the liver, fat, immune system and cell tissues of the body during long term stress. It causes the liver to breakdown protein into amino acids, increasing the level of blood glucose. It converts fats into fatty acids, decreases glucose uptake in cells, and suppresses the immune system.

Basically, it works to conserve glucose for the brain.

Does the function of the hormone calcitonin stimulate osteoclast activity?

osteoblast activity would increase since calcitonin's role is to decrease blood calcium. there would be extra Ca in the blood for the osteoblast to pick up and utilize. Calcium homeostasis is very tightly regulated and continuous. All the things you learn about calcium homeostasis will be occurring at the same time so try not to get confused and look at the big picture AKA what will the end results be. Hope that helped!