Linux

MAC OS is a commercially available Operating System that typically runs on Apple Computer products. The file system, commands, data structures and even the icons are different from most other operating systems. Linux is a UNIX-like operating system, that is open and free. Open meaning that every detail about the operating system is freely available for review and evaluation and that you can not only look at it but you can change it for your own purposes. Free means that it doesn't cost anyone to use it. Some companies have put together "distributions" of Linux that will install it on your computer. The distributions can become elaborate and as such these companies charge a few dollars for the distribution. But the Linux inside is free to own, operate and upgrade.

The answer is Yes and No. Point and click technology can be incorporated into Linux, or it can be run as a basic command line. Multiple "point and click" GUIs are available with the most popular being gnome and KDE. For example, Ubuntu runs gnome, but people who prefer the KDE GUI can download Kubuntu.

ITT-tech Student, I am your on-line home work tutor.

The answer to this home work question is as follows:

touch dd= C /sbin/var/etc/config.you

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Assuming the directory is in your Home directory use: rmdir directory-name

This will fail if there are files within the directory. In this case, use rm -r directory-name.

Follow some link:-

http://osr507doc.sco.com/en/NetAdminG/pppN.config.html

http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/iseries/v5r4/index.jsp?topic=/rzatj/cfgisp.htm

Many problems are addressed by Linux & other open source software.The main ones are -:

1. Reduces costs for company drastically - compare free openoffice.org with $50 for a single software license for MS Word - that's just the beginning!

2. Helps avoid major security lapses as open source code is always superior to closed source.

3. Helps set up a smoother process for work due to software which follows industry standards as opposed to propriety closed source options..

And these are just a few of the many advantages of Linux & open source..

First of all, let me point out that Linux is not a company, or even a single product. It is a building block that companies and individuals can tailor to different needs. As such, it can provide just as closely knit compatibility with the hardware as Apple can.

Windows does not have a specific hardware platform that it has to run on, unlike Mac OS X. Microsoft does not yet force hardware manufacturers to put their drivers and hardware through rigorous testing to be used with Windows. So many manufacturers can make inferior products with poor drivers, and the bugs caused by them are often shoved towards Windows. If Microsoft required better certification (which they are starting to do in their 64-bit versions), they would achieve hardware stability on par with that of Apple.

The command in a terminal is: ls (short for List). This will list the files in the current directory.

Whilst in the Home directory, to list the files in a different directory, for instance Videos, use: ls Videos.

Linux is popular for many reasons.

1. It is very fast, easy to use and reliable.

2. Writing programs and scripting on Linux is often times much easier than doing so on Windows as many of the users are that use Linux are computer savy but also because the framework that makes up Linux is completely open source, thus allowing programmers to program with Linux not around it.

3. Linux's security features are that of excellence, most distributions and server editions of Linux have the highest security ratings of any OS.

4. It Looks really cool and has many desktops to choose from (KDE, XFCE, FLuxBox, and Gnome)

5. There are so many different distros or flavors of Linux to choose from, many with the same use in mind but more features and positives than others.

6. It uses an advanced shell scripting terminal allowing for an easy to use command line system based off of Unix making it very powerful and versatile.

7. Last but not least its FREE! and open source so you are free to do with it what you want at absolutely no cost.

Some complain that its not compatible, well no its not with windows programs but for every program that runs on NT theres 3 better for any Linux distro, games are also a problem with Linux, but I manage Crysis at 60FPS and COD 5, and HL2 all at superb graphic levels.

It is all around an extremely good and well rounded operating system once you learn how to use it.

mkdir directoryname

mkdir "directory name with spaces"

It is very difficult to build a LiveCD from scratch. Basically, you need a kernel that can read ISO9660 images, a file system image (either squashfs or cloop), and an overlay system, to make it look like you are changing things on the file system, but are erased on shutdown. The overlay is one of the most difficult things to construct from scratch, which is why I recommend you use a base CD from an existing LiveCD distro.

There are several distros you can use as a base, and several tools you can use to help you. Ubuntu, Debian, Knoppix, and Slax are the most popular bases for LiveCDs. To remaster the image, you can:

* Use Remastersys (for Ubuntu). * Use DRUDell (for Ubuntu) * Use Revisor (Fedora) * Use mklivecd (Debian and Madriva) * Use Custom NimbleX (online LiveCD creator, based on Slackware) * Do it manually, via the command line.

The instructions vary per distro on the command line. Basically, you copy all the contents off an ISO image, mount the compressed file system, copy it's contents to another folder, chroot into those contents, make changes, build a new compressed image, and build the contents back into an ISO image. While this method is more difficult (or at least more tedious), it allows you far more power to customize.

Depending on the distribution (or distro) one chooses to install, the installation process can be quite simple. As Linux is largely distributed via Internet downloads, users seldom start with a physical CD or DVD and installation manual. Still, for most distros - especially the more common or popular flavors - there is a wealth of documentation online. Some of the more popular "entry-level" distros include OpenSuSE, Ubuntu, Fedora, Mandriva, and PCLinuxOS. Each of these has a large community base of home users and dedicated developers that maintain online manuals and upgrade each distro for future releases.

Most entry-level Linux distros offer at least an option of progressing through a graphical installation process; that is, one starts the computer with a bootable CD/DVD in the drive, and the installation process starts automatically with a visual series of screens through which the user selects (often by mouse-clicking) different options for installation. Some distros go one step further by allowing the user to select a "preset" installation method (e.g. "Home User," "Workstation," etc.), where the most suitable options are automatically used. Other distros can be geared toward users more comfortable with the Linux OS, and may rely on more advanced text-based installation methods

Additionally, many Linux distros are packaged as "Live CDs" which can be used to boot the computer into the OS without installing it, so the user can preview the distro or just use it without having to install onto the hard drive. Live CDs are a good way to introduce oneself to the distro without altering any existing information on the hard drive.

As a final note, a user considering installing a Linux distro onto a computer should bear in mind that installing any Linux distribution makes certain changes to the boot sectors of the hard drive, and these changes will most likely render any existing operating systems (like Windows XP) unusable. There are ways to avoid this, including dual- or multi-booting, and ways to recover and re-enter a previous OS after installing Linux, but these processes are typically fairly advanced and involved, and the risk of permanently damaging or losing some or all of the information/files on a hard drive can be high. For the first-time Linux user, a Live CD (or at least installing onto a blank primary hard drive with no other files on it already) is usually the best way to preview a distro.

Neither one is "more suitable for networking" per se. Almost any computer is capable of being networked in some fashion, and if they all use the same protocols, they can communicate equally. The reason one operating system might be preferred in a situation over another depends on it's ability to handle the data it gets over the network, not the act of being networked itself. Linux servers often have better performance for things like databases and file storage, so it is easier to provide the requested data faster. They usually also have more robust protections against DDoS attacks. It doesn't mean that it is easier to network, that it can utilize more bandwidth, or that it provides features that couldn't necessarily be implemented on another system.

Scp user@bravo:-r your@home:blank

The best command for this is who -a. This allows you to see everyone logged in and where. Here's what my who -a output looks like right now.

LOGIN tty1 2013-04-09 03:41 207 id=tty1
yaro ? :0 2013-04-09 03:41 ? 303
yaro + pts/0 2013-04-09 03:41 06:12 359 (:0)
yaro - pts/1 2013-04-09 03:41 . 550 (:0)

I suggest looking at the who manpage for more details.

Linux runs it's graphics entire in user space. Windows runs much of it in kernel space. When the graphics core of Windows crashes, the entire system goes down. When the graphics core in Linux crashes, it can easily be restarted without rebooting the computer.

And Linux

1-It is for free.

2-It has open source

The file /etc/fstab is commonly found in UNIX (Such as BSD, UnixWare, or OS X) systems or UNIX-like systems (Such as Linux, Plan 9, or Minix.).

It is a plaintext file, not always modified by the user, and it stands for FileSystem TABle.

Though it can describe every filesystem on your computer, it is usually just used to describe filesystems that need to be mounted at boot as opposed to everything available.

Typically you'll find:

A description of your root filesystem, which is the topmost level all directories and mounted filesystems will branch off of.

A description of your pseudoterminal and shared memory virtual filesystems which are usually required in Linux by most applications (Your terminal emulators and the screen command depend on pseudoterminal devices to work.)

A description of your swap partition, where virtual memory or hibernation data will be stored. This particular filesystem is not actually mounted, but activated and given over to the control of the *nix memory manager. There is no way to explore this filesystem as a user.

Other filesystems and mountpoints may also be commonly described, the three most common being /home, /usr, and /boot.

Removable media can also be described in here, but it's impractical and inflexible, not to mention grossly unnecessary due to HAL and udev, which will manage such things in much the same way as Windows manages its removable media. That is beyond the scope of this answer.

Long answer short, it's a configuration file Linux needs to boot and function properly, don't mess with it unless you know what you are doing. Your Linux distribution's installer is likely to automagically generate this file for you.

a buddhist might say that this is a question wrongly asked. if you want to shut off a system immediately, you can use "poweroff -f", but you might find that it isn't "safe", in that it doesn't send halt signals to the running processes, so you might get errors in the file system. that happened to me a little while back. and i beleive just running "poweroff" turns the system off safely, but possibly not very quickly.

fdisk is a name shared by many programs on multiple platforms. The purpose of these programs is to partition and format a disk.

Postgresql is a database server. It can run on any machine, not just linux. A variety of applications need databases, some of them connect to Postgresql. An application connects to the database in the same way, reguardless of which system you are running. You could be running Windows, OSX, Linux, BSD, Solaris, etc... it doesn't matter.

To answer your question, you connect to the database using whatever programming language you are using. The connection will be the same reguardless of what operating system you are running, but will be different depending on what language you are writing your application in.

For example, if you wanted to connect to a Postgresql database in python, you would do something like this:

import pg

con1 = pg.connect('testdb', 'myhost', 5432, None, None, 'bob', None)

Typically (at least in Windows OS), that will at least consist of the Title Bar and (in most cases) the icons to Minimize, Maximize, Restore and/or Close the window.

Google, Yahoo, Disney, Dreamworks, Pixar, Amazon, E*Trade, Reuters, Merrill Lynch, IBM, TiVO, DishNetwork, Garmin, US Department of Defence, Department of Energy, National Security Agency, 65% of active websites on Linux servers, 85% of the top 100 supercomputers in the world,