Local Area Network

Different textbooks may give you different answers to this question. In several I've seen, the "packet" is complete in the data link layer (layer 2) and is known as a 'frame' in the physical layer (layer 1).

Others may indicate a packet is the result of the physical layer (layer 1). In other descriptions the terms packet and frame are interchanged in the layer 1 and 2 of the OSI model.

The subnet mask is used for this purpose; it divides the IP address into two parts, the network id, and the host id.

try to change DNS..

in local setting to 8.8.8.8 or other DNS and don't but local DNS

mzayed@iconsultjo.com

The Application layer

The Presentation layer

The Session layer

You need to use a protocol that will translate serial protocol (your modem) to a packet based network. Protocols such as SLIP, PPP, PPTP are used for that purpose.

The layer directly above it

The layer directly below it

The corresponding layer on the receiving computer

(Internet Protocol) IPv6 is the next step from IPv4. Currently we are not using IPv6 for our networks but soon it will implemented into our networks normally.

IPv6 uses 128 bit spaces for its ip addresses were as IPv4 only uses 32 bit spaces. That means IPv6 can support 2128 addresses. I do not think we will run out of addresses with this version anytime soon.

Four collision domains are present

Two broadcast domains are present.

The Gnutella Network is a network used primarily to exchange files on a peer to peer basis.

The physical layer - it describes the hardware and the signaling techniques used at the physical connection between the network and the device.

A peer to peer network.

(not so sure).. i think this block is reserved for loopback address on PCs

lan

Star topologa

MAC address is fixed to the hardware device (for example a network card) and can not be changed. IP address is assignable. The default IP address for a device can be computed by converting the four right-most numbers of the MAC address from hex to decimal.
The MAC address refers to the physical address assigned by the Network Interface Card manufacturer. Example - 10.03.d5.f3.45.fc , where are an Internet Protocol address is given to a computer when it gets connected to the network. Its divided into four parts , separated by fullstops.

me

In Peer to peer the machines work as a workgroup machines and can access each other and they process themselves but in client server model all the requests of clients are sent to server it processes the request and send the result to client

tunneling

In Information Technology- A network is a group of computers that both share and receive data from one another. A really good example of this is the internet. One official definition of the word network is "a group or system of interconnected people or things."

ATM has (i) Fixed cell size, (ii) Implemented to meet the transport requirements for LAN,MAN and WAN applications, (iii) Connection-oriented, (iV) Cell size is fixed and is of 53 bytes 5 for header and 48 for payload, (V) Packet switching on private network that operate on data link layer on OSI.

Whereas IP has (i) Variable cell size, (ii) Allow voice, data, fax and video signals to share a common networking infrastructure, (iii) Connection less, (iV) Cell size is upto 65535 bytes,and (V) Network addressing that operate on network layer on OSI frame relay.

yes

You use a tunneling protocol when you want to preserve confidentiality in information that is being sent across a network. This way listeners cannot understand the information.

MAC address

Twist pair cable

Transmission time is the time it takes a message to reach its destination from is source. It is the time between the first bit leaving the sender and the last bit arriving the receiver. The first bit leaves earlier and arrives earlier; the last bit leaves later and arrives later. The time required for transmission of a message depends on the size of the message and the bandwidth of the channel.