Local Area Network

The term "geographical area" is somewhat ambiguous. Generally speaking, there are 4 types of networks PAN (Personal Area Network), covers a short range, perhaps 20 foot diameter. This is what a bluetooth network usually is. LAN (Local Area Network), covers a building, and perhaps nearby buildings. A common stand alone office network is one of these. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), covers a wider area then a LAN, but less then a WAN. This is not a very common term, but is usually something along the lines of a business that has two buildings in the same city, but not very close to each other. WAN (Wide Area Network), any large network span. The internet itself is a form of WAN.

Attenuation is a measure of how much loss a signal experiences when it travels down a communication medium( loss as heat, absorbed by communication medium).It is mesured in decibels Attenuation is a term that refers to any reduction in the strength of a signal, when transmitting over a long dinstance. Attenuation occurs with any type of signal, whether digital or analog. It is also called loss of signals, The extent of attenuation is usually expressed in units called decibels (dBs).

It lets you know what material the cable is made from.

Functional Components of Computer System are Input unit Output Unit Central Processing Unit and Mani Mmeory

Routing protocols are used by routers (RIP, EIGRP, OSPF)

Routed protocols are the actual protocols on the wire (TCP/IP)

1) take a crimping tool:

http://images.google.ge/images?hl=ka&source=hp&q=crimping%20tool&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wi

2) make straight through cable put colors exactly:

http://www.palmettonetworks.com/resources/network_cables_101_data.htm

and you are ready

network discovery

It is known as a server.

In OSPF, interfaces can be assigned to different areas. Many

times, a router will be routing inside of a major network, but different interfaces

will belong to different areas. You need the level of control given by wildcard

masks to assign different interfaces to their appropriate areas, and not restrict

an entire major network to be in one area.

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If we are sending a file in one go and if some error occurred in between the file transfer then the complete file has to be resend which wastes the bandwidth so to prevent this, the file to send is divided in to smaller unit which we call packet, and then send packets 1 by one so that if a packet is lost then we need to send only that particular packet not the complete file. As the packet reaches its destination, the destination source send acknowledgement to the sender that the packet has reached to it and it may send the next packet and if packet somehow lost before reaching to the destination source, then the sender itself resends the packet after a fixed amount of time.

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Nothing in particular. Remember, 127.0.0.1 (localhost) is assigned to an internal pseudo-NIC called a "loopback device." 1,2, or a hundred more network cards are just bound to additional addresses and respond to requests made on them.

A packet does not have a limit of 63 characters - depending on the protocol it may have a total size of 1508 and beyond; the actual data is somewhat smaller but not limited to 63 characters.

For Ethernet frames, 64 characters is closer to the minimum size for data.

Transport layer

Its cam table..

When sending information over a local area network, to a specific computer, the MAC address of the destination must be known. ARP - the address resolution protocol - takes care of that. With it, you can ask for the MAC address that corresponds to a specific IP address.

Cat5 is rated for 10Mbit operation.

Cat5e rated for 100Mbit, and Cat6 rated for 1000Mbit

DSL, Cable modems, wireless internet and satellite internet.

for better performance by using timers instead of duplicate acknowledgements

A broadcast packet is sent and received by all systems on a LAN; it can contain any kind of data. The more broadcasting that a LAN does, the slower it will be overall since every device has to read the packet.

phishing

Fifteen years ago

A class C network.