Marcus Aurelius

* Auctoritas - "Spiritual Authority" - The sense of one's social standing, built up through experience, Pietas, and Industria. * Comitas - "Humour" - Ease of manner, courtesy, openness, and friendliness. * Clementia - "Mercy" - Mildness and gentleness. * Dignitas - "Dignity" - A sense of self-worth, personal pride. * Firmitas - "Tenacity" - Strength of mind, the ability to stick to one's purpose. * Frugalitas - "Frugalness" - Economy and simplicity of style, without being miserly. * Gravitas - "Gravity" - A sense of the importance of the matter at hand, responsibility and earnestness. * Honestas - "Respectability" - The image that one presents as a respectable member of society. * Humanitas - "Humanity" - Refinement, civilization, learning, and being cultured. * Industria - "Industriousness" - Hard work. * Pietas - "Dutifulness" - More than religious piety; a respect for the natural order socially, politically, and religiously. Includes the ideas of patriotism and devotion to others. * Prudentia - "Prudence" - Foresight, wisdom, and personal discretion. * Salubritas - "Wholesomeness" - Health and cleanliness. * Severitas - "Sternness" - Gravity, self-control. * Veritas - "Truthfulness" - Honesty in dealing with others.

gladiator

I don't no who his first wife was, but I know in 139, he married his daughter, Faustina.

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The purpose statues of important men is to draw attention to the importance these men. They are there for all to see. This was a feature all the way down to the 19th century. An equestrian statue is even more opposing and visible and often makes a reference the the military qualities of the person in question as a cavalryman or a military commander.

Marcus Aurelius did not allow Germanic (not German) invaders to settle inside the Roman Empire. He allowed certain small groups of soldiers to settle in the empire. He also sent some Iranian-speaking soldiers to Britain.

First of all, they were not German invaders. The Germans did not exist beck them. They were Germanic peoples, the ancestors of the modern peoples who speak the modern Germanic languages (German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and English). There were dozens of Germanic peoples. More specifically, the Germanic peoples who threatened the empire at the time of Marcus Aurelius were the Marcomanni and Quadi, Naristi, Chatti, Cauchi, Hermunduri, and various other peoples.

Marcus Aurelius had to face a series of invasions to the by various Germanic peoples into Belgium, the Alpine area, and from across the river mid-Danube River. There were also invasions by Iranian-speaking peoples from across the lower Danube. Marcus Aurelius fought two wars (the Marcomannic Wars) in which he repelled these invasions and defeated the enemies in their territories outside the Roman Empire.

Marcus Aurelius did not allow the invaders to settle inside the Roman Empire. What happened was that when he defeated enemies, he forced them to supply the Romans with soldiers to serve as auxiliary troops. These were troops which supported the Roman legions. The Marcomanni, Quadi and Naristi were forced to supply soldiers for the Romans. The Hasbingi Vandals and the Lacringi allied with Rome and supplied soldier to the Romans voluntarily. Some of these Germanic soldiers were allowed to settle inside the empire.

When Marcus Aurelius defeated the Iazynges (an Iranian-speaking people) he forced them to supply 8,000 auxiliary cavalrymen. Five thousand of these men were sent to serve in Britannia

The two new provinces were Marcomannia and Sarmatia.

The statue equestrian of Marcus Aurelius was not melted down because in the Middle Ages it was thought that it was a statue of Constantine the Great and therefore was not seen a the representation of a pagan emperor.

Commodus.

Marcus Aurelius has plenty of living descendants. He is my 44th great grandfather, and 43rd great grandfather to my father's generation, and 45th great grandfather to my children's generation.

There are a number of ancestry sites that will allow you to trace your own ancestry as far back as it is possible to do. Fortunately, lines which contained royals were documented from the time of the Roman Empire. Many of us who are many, many generations removed from any royal titles, stations, or privilege are nonetheless descendants of these lines.

You could have knocked me over with a feather when I learned that I and my family are direct descendants. However, the reality is, that and a dollar fifty will buy me a cup of coffee.

Dante wrote Dante's Inferno which was a satire. It pointed out many flaws of society at the time. Jonathan Swift was an Irish satirist who wrote Gulliver's Travels. Marcus Aurelius was a Roman Emperor who wrote Meditations. Dante's Inferno and Swift's satirical works criticized society for its major flaws. Mediations was about self exploration and achieving a higher level of intelligence or enlightenment. These works highlight what is wrong with the society Bradbury creates in Fahrenheit 451.

Marcus Aurelius fought the War with Parthia 161-66 against the Parthian Empire, the third of the four pre-Islamic Persian empires.

Marcus Aurelius also fought the Marcomannic Wars (166-80) against the Marcomanni, Quadi, Germanic peoples who lived in Bohemia (Czech Republic).

Marcus Aurelius did not conquer Germany. He repelled an invasion of Germania Superior by the Chatti in 162. From 166 on he had to deal with the Marcomanni and Quadi who lived in Bohemia (Czech republic) crossed the Danube together with the Lombards and other Germanic peoples and attacked the empire. He fought two Marcomannic Wars wars. When he finally won, he planned to conquer Bohemia. The military campaign was going well. However, he died before its completion. His son Commodus did not want to pursue this undertaking, negotiated a peace treaty and returned to Rome.

Augustus Caesar