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Mathematical Constants
Intriguing, ubiquitous, and at times mysterious, numerical constants set the allowable limits for all universal phenomena. Whether your questions involves π, Avogadro's number, Planck's constant, the atomic mass unit, or any of the other multitudes of immutable numbers used in science, this is the category where they should be asked.
2,332 Questions
How are the elements arranged by atomic mass?
They are NOT normally arranged by atomic mass; instead they are arranged in the periodic table by their atomic number. The latter is the number of protons (or electrons) in a single atom of the element and it is a constant for the element. The atomic mass is an average of the isotopes of the element (in proportion to their abundance).
While the atomic number is always an integer, increases in steps of 1 and elements that are a specific "distances" apart share similar chemical characteristic. On the other hand the atomic mass is rarely an integer, and occasionally it reverses the order laid out be the periodic table: for example, element 18, argon has an atomic mass of 39.948 which is greater than that of element 19, potassium with a mass of 39.098: this is because the predominant isotope of argon has 22 neutrons while that for potassium has 20 neutrons.
What is constants in an experement?
A constant in an experiment is the object or value that does not change through out the experiment.
What numbers are in the 14th and 15th decimal place for the value of pi?
9 and 3 are in the 14th and th decimal place for the value of pi.
Why is it important to carefully evaluate graphs?
Visual presentation is a very efficient way of conveying information - whether the information is correct or incorrect - including deliberately misleading. Once accepted, all information is difficult to amend. It is important, therefore, that the correct messages are taken in from graphs.
Does any number divided by zero equal infinity and if not why not?
A number divided by zero is held to not equal infinity, or anything else, and this is purely convention.
In reality, as zero represents "nothing", you could easily fit an infinite amount of "nothing" into a "something".
One can see this by taking "10" as the "something".
Now ten can go into that "10" one time. A perfect fit, so to speak.
Five can go into that "10" two times. Why? Because five is half of ten, and two halfs go into a whole two times.
One can go into that "10" ten times. Why? Because one is 1/10th of ten, and a tenth goes into a thing ten times.
Now from this we can take it still further. "Point Five" would go into that "10" twenty times. "Point One" would go into that "10" a hundred times.
Please note that the smaller the number, the more of it will go into that "10" - or any other number over zero! One can also say that the closer you get to zero, the more of that increasingly small quantity will go into that "10" - or any other number over zero.
Thus when you get down to a "zeroth" particle, that could go in to "10" (or any other number over zero) an infinite amount of times.
Is the mass of an electrons is larger than the mass of an neutron s?
No, an electron is MUCH smaller than a neutron. About 1/1836 or something like that. Just Google "mass of an electron".
What gas law applies to the bends?
Henry's law is one of the gas laws, stating that the amount a gas dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas. As pressure builds, more nitrogen and oxygen gets absorbed by the blood in the body, and it tends to get absorbed faster than it gets released, meaning that when you resurface and the pressure declines, the gas in the blood is still increased.
Rydberg constant is 10,973,731.6 m-1. It's found by this sophisticated form, which is:
R∞ = mee4/(8ε0²h³c) where:
me = rest mass of the electron
e = elementary charge
ε0 = permittivity of free space
h = Planck constant
c = speed of light in a vacuum.
What is a centillion and who made it?
See the related link on names of large numbers. Depending on which naming system:
- Short Scale or American system (Billion is a thousand million or 10^9)
- Long scale, or European system (Billion is a million million or 10^12)
In the American System, a Centillion is 10^303 [1 with 303 zeros]
In the European System, Centillion is 10^600 [1 with 600 zeros]
Avogadro's number is the number of?
Avogadro's number is the number of units per mole. A mole is 6.022x1023 (602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000) units. Because every element has a unique mass, it is primarily useful in chemistry for stoichiometric calculations. Hydrogen for example has a mass of ~1.01 grams per mole, so one gram of atomic hydrogen contains approximately 1 mole of hydrogen atoms, or 6.022x1023 hydrogen atoms. It seems arbitrary until you examine it's applications in practical use.
To create a molecule of water you need to combine 2 hydrogen atoms with one oxygen atom, along with a little bit of energy:
2H + O --> H2O
If you want to do this efficiently, you can't just throw 2 grams of hydrogen atoms together with 1 gram of oxygen atoms to create 3 grams of water because hydrogen and oxygen have different molecular masses. One oxygen atom is about 16 times heavier than 1 hydrogen atom, so with the above approach you'll only end up with about 1.125 grams of water with about 1.875 grams of hydrogen still floating about. This is where Avogadro's number comes into play.
Hydrogen is ~1 gram per mole (1 gram per 6.022x1023 atoms) and Oxygen is ~16 grams mer mole (16 grams per 6.022x1023 atoms). So to create 1 mole of water you need to combine approximately 2x6.022x1023 hydrogen atoms with approximately 6.022x1023 oxygen atoms, light a match, and prepare to get burned.
What is meant by the Avogadro number and why is it relevant to the mole?
Avogadro's number is the number of atoms or molecules of a substance that are present in one mole of that substance. It is relevant to the mole by its very definition!
How is mass of an electron calculated?
IF im correct it is the GCD (greatest common divisor) from our set of data
Who coined the term 'googol' for the number 10 to the power of 100?
The following is from Wikipedia:
"The term was coined in 1938 by Milton Sirotta (1929-1980), nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner, when he was nine years old."
