Microprocessors

Some heat sinks are packaged as part of a processor chip. This is done to reduce costs and potential user error.

The die is the actual chip or integrated circuit. It is the thing that does the actual processing. The rest of the package protects it and provides connections to outside devices.

C12 and C14 are isotopes of the Element Carbon. C12 is the most abundant of all which is 99% of all the Carbon on earth while C14 is only 0.0000000001% (trace amount).

C12 has a Atomic Number of 12. It has 6 Protons and 6 Neutrons.

C14 has a Atomic Number of 14. It has 6 Protons and 8 Neutrons.

C14 is radioactive in nature. It is used for carbon dating.

It depends on the CPU but average for Intel & amd processors if between 50-90 degrees Celsius anything above that on a desktop could mean you need extra cooling equipment.

It really depends on the CPU because mobile processors are designed not to be as powerful but to be more temperature resistant. Some Atom processors can withstand about 120degrees Celsius.

ddr3 is a type of ram, not processor

yes

there is a thousand or so kb in a megabyte so around 952,000

There are none in production. Several software emulators exist for x86 instructions, such as Bochs and QEMU, as well as some implemented on an FPGA, like Zet and CPU86.

That can either mean a dual-socket machine with dual-core CPUs (two CPUs with two cores each) or a quad-core CPU (one CPU with four cores).

Yes. Most early microprocessor in the 70's were NOT microcoded. Microcoding takes a lot of real estate on the silicon and the trade-off was not worth it until the chip densities increased in the 80's. I worked on two microcoded microprocessor 1972-73 for American MicroSystems Inc (AMI), called the 7200 and the 7300. Both worked quite well but were large chips. Had it not been for AMI making the decision that "there is no future in microprocessors" both the 7200 and 7300 would have succeeded. Both were well documented from talks at trade shows.

Motorola 68000 running at an effective speed of about 6MHz

Salay sanu anda honda to tere kol puchna c. ghsshti ka..... :P

Memory mapping is the technique of assigning specific memory locations to specific capabilities. For example, the stack can be "mapped" or placed in memory (usually towards the high end of memory). The "heap" is often placed just below the stack.

Not only are software constructs placed (mapped) into specific locations in memory, but peripherals can be mapped to memory as well. For example, a serial port may have several registers "mapped" into memory at specific locations. The means that if you want to send a message out the serial port, you would perform the same operation as you would writing to memory, except that you would provide the address of the write register of the serial port. In this way, peripherals appear exactly the same as memory.

The technique replaces the older "port" access in which peripherals were accessed via a different set of signals. (basically a different address space which was access via the "port" command rather than the memory read/write).

Yes ARPANET is the predecessor to our Internet today. What we all are able to use was first done as ARPANET. It was made by american defense and research team to transfer messages.

There are many other elements to take on account when related to performance indicator. Besides hardwares it is necessary to configure properly the entire system. (BIOS, memory management, automatic defragmentation, cleaning, and so on.)

Adding to this, it is also important to note that a poorly performing processor will not simply become a stellar piece of equipment when its clock speed is increased. You will get diminishing returns on clock speed increases beyond a particular point due to increased L1 cache misses, overheating, and other inefficiencies.

yes

A modern micro processor has atleast 100 million transistors.

The Core i7 920 (D0 stepping) has approximately 781 million transistors.

"pipeline registers" are inserted in-between pipeline stages, and are clocked synchronously. The time between each clock signal is set to be greater than the longest delay between pipeline stages, so that when the registers are clocked, the data that is written to them is the final result of the previous stage.

abhishek jaiswal

it masterbaites

the CPU meter tells you what percent of the memory is being used at the moment. It also tells you how much of your CPU is being used, for instance, you will run a program like halo or something that takes up a lot of room in your computer. This will cause about 80% of the CPU to work, until it is done loading in which case it can use from 30-40%. When your computer is not in use at all but is still on, it uses about 4% of it. If your CPU meter show that it is using over 90% of its power for more than a minute or so, you are runnning a highly advanced program on it, and should not be.
A CPU metre shows the programs that are running on your computer

On the net, it seems there is no Celeron 450 model, but there is a Celeron M 450 which clocks at 2GHz which is used in Laptops or Shuttle PC's.

The CPU is quite cheap compared to Pentium 4 and Core 2 Models but it handles day to day tasks very well. So if it is for business or office use then it would be ideal.

However, if you are looking towards video editing or mainstream gaming, then you should avoid it.

The computation performs 8 FLOPS on 2 cache lines, i.e., 8 FLOPS in 200 ns. This corresponds to a computation

rate of 40 MFLOPS

in nanometers what is the current size of a quad-core processor

the socket and the chipset

in the registers