Muscular System

Articular cartilage serves as the cushion within the joint, and as a shock absorber. When cartilage is damaged or worn away, the affected joint becomes painful, stiff, and limited in its range of motion. Articular cartilage can completely wear away so that the affected joint no longer has its cushion and it begins to rub bone-on-bone. In such cases, there is significant pain, loss of motion, and functional disability associated with the affected joint

ATP, of course.

When the myosin head extends towards the actin thin filament it has in it's active site ADP and P +. So, when the stroke is over the ADP and P+ fall out and are replaced by ATP, which immediately metabolizes to ADP and P +.

Cardiac muscle is the type of muscle that powers the cardiovascular system. It is a specialized type of muscle found only in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. This muscle type contracts involuntarily to help maintain circulation and supply oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

The temporal bone is the attachment point for the temporalis muscle, which is one of the primary muscles involved in chewing. Additionally, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which is involved in neck movement, attaches to the temporal bone near the mastoid process.

Muscle contraction is the process in which muscle fibers generate force and shorten in length. This process is controlled by signals from the nervous system and occurs when actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, which shortens the muscle fiber. Muscle contraction is essential for movement, stability, and other physiological functions in the body.

In spiders, the skeletal system is their exoskeleton, composed of chitin, which provides support and protection. Their muscles are attached to the inside of the exoskeleton and work in antagonistic pairs to move the spider's limbs by contracting and relaxing. This coordinated effort allows spiders to move, hunt, and perform various functions.

The muscular system relies on chemical reactions, such as the release of calcium ions for muscle contraction and the breakdown of ATP for energy. Muscle contractions are controlled by chemical signals from the nervous system, and muscle growth and repair require nutrients like protein obtained from food, which are broken down chemically during digestion.

In muscle contraction and impulse conduction, important ions include calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), and potassium (K+). Calcium plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction by binding to troponin, sodium influx starts the action potential at the synapse, while potassium efflux helps repolarize the membrane after the action potential passes.

All skin, bone, and muscle cells undergo the process of cellular respiration, where they break down glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP. This process involves the intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide.

Skin cells provide a barrier to protect the body, regulate temperature, and produce vitamin D. Bone cells help support and protect the body, produce blood cells, and store minerals. Muscle cells contract and relax to produce movement, support posture, and generate heat.

The thin filament sites remain open to the binding and stroke of the thick filament and there would be no muscle relaxation without the reuptake of Ca 2+ so the thin filament sites are closed.

Smooth muscle cells are arranged in sheets or layers with adjacent cells connected by gap junctions and dense bodies. This allows for coordinated contraction and relaxation of muscle tissue.

The long head of the bicep originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, while the short head originates from the coracle process of the scapula. So there are 2 origins

Muscles generally pull on structures rather than push them. When a muscle contracts, it shortens, creating tension and pulling on the attached structures such as bones or other tissues. This pulling action allows for movement and manipulation of body parts.

i don't know,you can check other links. :)

I'm no biology major or PhD, though I do take honors bio as a course. I'm going with the fact that human muscle cells are in more motion, lifting things, and constantly burning energy. Plants move within themselves and grow, but I don't they don't burn anywhere near the kind of calories the average human muscle cell would.

Muscle cells do not have flagella. Flagella are for a cell's or small organism's movement.

The absolute refractory period for skeletal muscles is about 1 to 2 milliseconds. During this time, the muscle fiber is unable to respond to a new stimulus, no matter how strong it is. This period ensures the muscle has enough time to recover before being stimulated again.

Efferent neurons (sometimes called motor neurons) transmit signals from the CNS to the effector cells.

Guard cells have more chloroplasts than any other dermal cells because they need energy to facilitate the opening and closing of stomata for gas exchange and water regulation in plants.

The reaction of glucose with oxygen, which is equivalent to burning, but slower, releases energy which drives every other chemical reaction of the body, including those which cause muscle fibers to contract.

A critical event that occurs at the neuromuscular junction is the release of acetylcholine from the motor neuron's axon terminal. This neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the muscle membrane, leading to depolarization of the muscle cell and generation of an action potential, initiating muscle contraction. Dysfunctions at the neuromuscular junction can lead to diseases like myasthenia gravis.

Mitochondria would be more numerous in muscle cells than in skin cells, as muscles require more energy to function. Additionally, myofibrils (contractile units) and sarcoplasmic reticulum (stores calcium ions) would also be more abundant in muscle cells compared to skin cells.

Yes, skeletal muscle cells have ribosomes. Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, and they are found in all types of cells, including skeletal muscle cells. Ribosomes play a crucial role in translating genetic information from the nucleus into proteins that are needed by the cell for various functions, including muscle contraction.

The somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles. It is responsible for voluntary movement and receives motor information from the brain to stimulate muscle contraction.