Nuclear Physics

No large enough sample has been prepared to know what the phase is.

Yes it is. Though some take a great deal of time

A Helium Nucleus so 2 protons and 2 neutrons

Quarks are contained within the neutrons & protons and there are many types

Free neutrons are said to have a speed or a temperature. Both ideas mean pretty much the same thing, which is that they have an amount of energy associated with them. It is specifically measured most commonly, perhaps, in electron volts (eV), or as Million electron volts (MeV). Unfortunately, what is meant by fast or slow depends on the application, and perhaps the author or speaker.

Free neutrons come from different sources and have different speeds when they are produced. As they fly about, they hit the nuclei of atoms, and may bounce, imparting some part of their energy to the atoms if they do. As time passes, they lose energy in this manner getting slower and slower. Please note, however, that not much time usually passes, because the half life of a neutron is a bit less than fifteen minutes.

There are other things that neutrons can do besides bounce. They can cause decay of a radioactive atom, they can cause fission of a fissionable atom, and they can be absorbed. There is a likelihood of any of these events happening by the collision of a neutron with an atom, and the likelihood depends on several things. Of great importance is the isotope of the atom; different isotopes have different cross sections, the cross section being a measurement of how likely it is for the neutron to interact with the atom. Also very important is the temperature of the atom, and the speed of the neutron.

The cross section of the atom will be greater or less depending on the speed of the neutron and the temperature of the atom, but not in a way that is easily predictable. A faster neutron might not cause fission as easily as a slower one in a given situation. The data on the nuclear cross sections of atoms by isotope, temperature, and neutron speed, were largely obtained empirically.

This particle is a neutron:
neutron-----------proton + electron + neutrino

Triangle = Left to 7

Crazy line = Right to 4

Heart = Left to 5

Square = Right to 6

Hourglass = Left to 3

Plus = Right to 1

In the Standard Model, the quarks are not the smallest unit of matter. The leptons are, specifically the electron neutrino, Ve, with a mass of less than 2.2 eV.

the alpha particle will accelerate slower and follow a tighter/smaller spiral outward than the proton.

Nobelium is an artificial chemical element, radioactive and unstable.

Nobelium was first and surely prepared in 1966 by Russian physicists from Dubna; another claim from American physicists (1958) was not accepted by IUPAC.

Nobelium was obtained using this nuclear reaction

238 92U + 2210Ne → 260102No* → 254102No + 6 10n

Nuclear decay in general is not predictable

It's important because it's the particle that gives everything mass (kinda like weight) in Physics. If this particle doesn't exist, it means that all of the science we have relied on so far in Physics, is wrong. This includes Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, or the greatest work Einstein is known for (E=mc2). That's why it's important.

That depends on the type of decay, alpha and beta decay change the atom into a different element but gamma decay does not.

They form a hydrogen atom.

This time is known as the half-life.

Seaborgium was obtained for the first time, simultaneously, by Albert Ghiorso, J.M. Nitschke, J.R. Alonso, C.T. Alonso, M. Nurmia, E. Kenneth Hulet, R.W. Lougheed, Glenn T. Seaborg from Berkeley, USA and by a team from Dubna, Russia - in 1974.

The nuclear reaction used was: 249Cf + 18O---------263Sg

See the link below for details.

Quartz and glassy silica are both composed of the same elements in the same proportion. The difference is that in quartz is crystalline whereas glass is amorphous. This means that in quartz, the atoms are all ligned up in a regular repeating lattice. In glass, the atoms are arranged in a random way. This is analagous to the difference between a set of childrens blocks that have been stacked up nicely in regular rows, and blocks that are just dumped in a heap, and are arranged randomly.

need help asap!

Atomic number of radium is 88 and that of bismuth is 83. So atomic number is to be reduced by 5. But as alpha is emitted atomic number reduces by 2. So a beta decay is needed which would increase the atomic number by 1. So 3 alpha decay and one beta decay would make radium into bismuth

Alpha particles with the same energy as beta particles have much less speed, magnetic field or no.

Yes, power stations in the UK use coal, oil, gas, and nuclear energy sources to generate electricity. Each energy source has its pros and cons in terms of cost, environmental impact, and reliability. The UK is also investing in renewable energy sources like wind and solar to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels.

The most abundant isotope of Krypton, at 57%, is 84Kr36, which has 48 neutrons. There are other isotopes, some stable and some radioactive. Simply subtract 36 (the number of protons) from the mass number to get the number of neutrons.

The expectation is that fusion reactors will provide large amounts of energy, and that they will be relatively environmentally-friendly.

Mass number of the parent nucleus will be reduced by 4

Isotope

Emitting a positron, turns a proton into a neutron. So the atomic number goes down by 1, while the mass number remains the same.