Particle Physics

If an atom, let's say oxygen, has an equal amount of protons (8, positive charge) and electrons (8, negative charge), it's completely NORMAL. See, the atomic number IS the number for the protons and electrons (i.e: Oxygen's atomic number is eight, therefore its protons and electrons would also be eight.)

As a leaf falls, the main forces acting on it are gravity, which pulls the leaf downward, and air resistance, which pushes against the leaf as it moves through the air. Gravity is responsible for the leaf's acceleration towards the ground, while air resistance opposes this motion and slows the leaf down.

Gravity, electromagnetism, friction, and wind are forces that occur in nature. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, lightning, and tornadoes are natural phenomena that occur in nature.

Yes, quarks have mass. They are elementary particles that make up protons and neutrons, which in turn form atomic nuclei. The masses of different types of quarks vary, with the top quark being the heaviest.

well the mass number is actually 12. because the ATOMIC MASS is 12.011. and to find the mass number you must round the atomic mass to the nearest WHOLE NUMBER. 12.011 rrounded to its nearest whole number would be 12. and to find the number of neutrons you must subtract the ATOMIC NUMBER (which is 6) from its mass number. 12-6=6. so carbon has 6 neutrons. carbon also has 6 protons, as well as 6 electrons.

The number of protons is the atomic number on the periodic table. The number of protons defines the type of element. It effects the mass of the atom and the number of electrons. Kind of vague, but i hope it helps until a chemistry major responds.

No, according to the theory of relativity, it is impossible for any particle with mass to reach or exceed the speed of light. Accelerators can increase the speed of particles to high fractions of the speed of light, but they cannot exceed it.

An atom absorbs energy as its electron moves to a higher energy level, or an excited state. This process is known as excitation, and the absorbed energy corresponds to the difference in energy levels between the initial and final states.

No the center of an atom (nucleus) is made up of both protons and neutrons.

Magnesium2+ because it donated 2 electrons

The Aufbau principle states that electrons must be added to elements and ions in a VERY specific order with the lowest energy level being filled first and the highest last. This is where the Aufbau triangle comes in. It shows the order in which the energy levels must be filled.

The base number of Naperian Logarithms, a number also called 'e'

A more exact number would be 2.718281828459

Individually, no. However, they are predictable in a statistical sense. Yes, however, it would depend on such a wide array of variables that it would be practically impossible. These variables are things like starting positions and velocities.

Crystalline particles form a regular repeating pattern, also when a crystalline solid is heated it melts at a specific temperature. Amorphous particles are not arranged in a regular pattern, and when it is heated, it may become softerand softer or change into other substances.

98 neutrons.

Holmium has only one stable isotope Ho-165, with 67 protons and 98 neutrons to make up the 165 mass number. There are unstable isotopes that vary from this. See related link.

Ans 1

Any with a combination of an up, charm, or top quark, and a combination of two down, strange, or bottom quarks. ([(+2)+(-1)+(-1)=(0)]).

Ans 2

Two down quarks and an up quark. This combination is a neutron. A down quark has a charge of -1/3 and an up quark a charge of +2/3

Scanning tunnel microscopy has many advantages. It captures much more detail than other microscopes for better understanding of specimen. They can be used in various mediums like ultra high vacuum, air, water etc. They can work in a range of temperatures.

The Valence electrons, i.e. those in the outer shell of a compound are most likely to be involved in bonding. This is because they are further away from the nucleus of their atom, so experience less attractive force towards it. They are also shielded from this attraction by any electrons between them and the nucleus. Therefore, they require less energy to remove.

Elements are chemically defined by the number of protons present in the nucleus. The atomic number of an element is merely the number of protons that are in the nucleus. There are various isotopes of the same element, which just means the amount on neutrons has changed, however the protons remain the same.

Subatomic particles are smaller than molecules and are the building blocks of atoms. Protons, neutrons, and electrons are examples of subatomic particles found in atoms. There are no known subatomic particles that are bigger than molecules.

Proton: 1,007 276 466 77(10) atomic mass units (u); positive electrical charge, component of the atomic nucleus

Neutron: 1,008 664 915 6 (6) atomic mass units (u); neutral, component of the atomic nucleus

Electron: 5,485 799 094 3(23).10-4 atomic mass units (u); negative electrical charge, components of the atom

When a molecule gains an electron, it has been reduced.

In 1932, James Chadwick discovered the neutron. Neutrons help stabilize the protons in the atom's nucleus. Because the nucleus is so tightly packed together, the positively charged protons would tend to repel each other normally. Neutrons help to reduce the repulsion between protons and stabilize the atom's nucleus. Neutrons always reside in the nucleus of atoms and they are about the same size as protons. However, neutrons do not have any electrical charge; they are electrically neutral.

A contact force is one where the force is only felt when two objects are in contact with each other, such as friction.

On the other hand, distant forces are felt even though the objects are not in contact with each other, such as gravity and magnetic forces.