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Respiratory System
The respiratory system includes the lungs and the airway. The questions in this category focus mainly on the anatomical and physiological processes associated with breathing.
2,890 Questions
What are the large airways that branch off the trachea?
The large airways that branch off the trachea are the mainstem bronchi. These branch into progressively smaller bronchioles.
What is the difference between respiratory arrest and respiratory failure?
Respiratory arrest is the cessation of breathing. It is a medical emergency and it usually is related to or coincides with a cardiac arrest. Causes include opiate overdose, head injury, anaesthesia, tetanus, or drowning. Respiratory arrest is treated initially with artificial ventilation, together with treatment of the likely cause.
The term respiratory failure, in medicine, is used to describe inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, with the result that arterial oxygen and/or carbon dioxide levels cannot be maintained within their normal ranges. A drop in blood oxygenation is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia.
Name the phase which is common for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
glycolysis is the phase common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Alveoli are little air sacs found in bunches (like grapes) at the end of terminal bronchioles. Alveoli are where gas exchange (oxygen goes into blood and carbon dioxide out of blood) happens as they have sufficiently thin walls and suitably large total surface areas for gas exchange to occur.
What is respiration energy needed for?
It is the way that energy is released from glucose, for our cells to use to keep us functioning.
What is the respiratory mechanism of pH control?
The respiratory system helps control the acidity of the blood by regulating the elimination of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O).
These molecules are exhaled with every breath.
H2CO3 --> H2O + CO2
(carbonic acid)
The brain is sensitive to blood CO2 levels and pH.
A significant increase in CO2 or decrease below pH 7.38 of arterial blood
- causes breathing to increase (in rate and depth)
- results in hyperventilation
- more CO2 is exhaled
- eliminates CO2 - reduces H2CO3 and H+ concentrations
- increases pH back to normal
A significant decrease in CO2 or increase in pH
- causes breathing to decrease
- results in hypoventilation
- less CO2 is exhaled
- increases CO2 - increases H2CO3 and H+ concentrations
- decreases pH back to normal
Respiratory mechanism (depth and rate of breathing) controls CO2
CO2 in solution is an acid.
Partial Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2) levels in Arterial Blood Gas (ABG).
Higher PaCO2 causes acidosis (lower pH), or neutralizes alkalosis.
Lower PaCO2 causes alkalosis (raises pH.), or neutralizes acidosis.
Why is the respiratory the last system to develop?
I am not sure but I believe it's because the baby has no need to breathe inside the mother's womb.
What are the actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the?
The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the alvioli.
Why does the trachea belong in the respiratory system?
The trachea is part of the respiratory system because it is part of the process of breathing. The trachea is part of the airway between the nose and the lungs. It is what helps transport the oxygen to the lungs.
Nitrogen is the most common gas in the earth's atmosphere making up 78% a little more than 3 quarters which oxygen makes up 21% of the earth's atmosphere. We can't drink liquid nitrogen but we can breath in nitrogen. Nitrogen isn't an air pollution nor a greenhouse gas. So the answer is "yes", we can breathe in nitrogen.
What systems does the respiratory system work with?
Respiratory system works with digestive system ,circulatory system ,excretory system (indirectly through circulatory system...
Oxygen is used to metabolize carbohydrates and produces carbon dioxide. In addition an increased rate of respiration will lower carbon dioxide levels while increasing oxygen concentrations to saturation. Despite this they are two independent parameters. If someone were to be at a high altitude they could have almost no C02 in their blood, be breathing rapidly and have low oxygen levels. Similarly carbon monoxide will bind strongly to hemoglobin so that oxygen levels will go down, but since except at very low levels of oxygen, breathing will remain unchanged as CO2 levels, which drive the rate of respiration normally will be unchanged.
How does smoking affect your breathing?
Smoking affects your breathing because tar can form on your lungs from the cigarette, cigar, etc. This tar causes your alveoli, the air sacs at the end of the branches of your lungs, to deform and then your lungs cannot work as accurately. This can cause many diseases, cancer, and even death.
The main organs of excretion in humans are?
the kidneys are where it is extracted nd then it goes into your bladder. then out your anus
Does respiration uses carbon dioxide and produce oxygen and energy?
No, respiration is the exchange of gases between the body and the external environment.
What effects upon the respiratory center do increased carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions have?
In a normal person the respiratory drive is controlled by the central chemoreceptors in the hypothalmous. These receptors are sensitive to changes in pH. CO2 effects pH by the hasselbach equation:
H+HCO3 = CO2+H2O
So basically the more CO2 your body has on bord the lower the pH is and the more stimmulation there is to the central chemoreceptors causing a desire to breath and blow off that CO2. In emphasima patients their Co2 is so chronically high their respiration is driven by their peripheral chemoreceptors that are sensitve to O2 levels in the blood not pH. This is why one needs to be very careful when giving oxygen to emphasima patients. If the O2 level of their blood is too high there would be no stimulation to breath and they could stop breathing.
If you breathe a little of asbestos can it be harmful?
Yes, Contact your Doctor
Long term exposure can cause mesothelioma
How is the muscular system and respitory system connected?
The muscles that cause the lungs to expand and contract and those in the windpipe are part of the muscular system. The circulatory system carries Oxygen from the lungs to the muscles, then carries carbon dioxide from the muscles to be expelled by the lungs. The blood vessels throughout the body have integrated muscle.
