Scuba

0.43197 psi

All fluids exert pressure on the surface of any object in that fluid, but the pressure is not uniform over the surface of the object. Parts of the object that are deeper in the fluid will have more pressure from the fluid pressing against them than parts that are shallower. The amount of the object's surface that is being pressed down by fluid above it will be equal to the amount of surface being pressed up, but the pressure per unit area pressing up will be greater, on average, than the pressure that is pressing down.

A 1 square inch column of salt water 1 foot tall weighs just under 0.45 pounds, so it exerts a pressure of (about) 0.45 PSI. That pressure will be in addition to the pressure of any fluid that is pressing down on the top of the water column, such as the atmosphere. Thus the pressure on the surface of the ocean is about 14.7 PSI and the pressure at a depth of 1 foot is about 14.7 + 0.45, or 15.15 PSI.

If a cubic object 1 foot on each side was placed in the water with its top right at the surface the top of the cube would have 14.7 PSI * 144 square inches, or 2116.8 pounds of pressure pushing down on it. The bottom would have 15.15 PSI * 144 square inches, or 2181.6 pounds of pressure pushing up on it. The pressure on each side would equal the pressure on the opposite side, so there would be no net pressure pushing sideways. The difference in pressure pushing up and pressure pushing down would be 64.8 pounds, so there would be a buoyant force of 64.8 pounds pressing the object upward. Since the actual weight of the water column is a little bit less than 0.45 that actual buoyant force would be 64 pounds, which is the weight of 1 cubic foot of water. Thus the object is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.

I have seen this in tv. Some divers were underwater for about 3 minutes. I think it takes a life to achieve that.

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The test pressure is always stamped on the cylinder along with the working pressure, physical volume, manufacture date etc. It is generally about twice the working pressure of the cylinder.

The answer to this question depends on the oxygen concentration that you are using and, to a degree, your body chemistry. Hal Watts has reportedly made many "bounce" dives on "air" (21% oxygen 79% nitrogen) in excess of 400 feet in sea water. Discounting the narcotic effect of nitrogen, ambient O2 or "air" becomes toxic at around 240 feet in salt water. You should never dive without proper training, and even properly trained SCUBA divers would not dive beyond recreational limits (130 ft) without special training. Oxygen concentrations higher than 21%, or enriched air (Nitrox) will have MOD Maximum Operating Depths based upon the specific concentration of oxygen. 100% oxygen is dangerous below 20 feet and, unless you are trained in the use of military rebreathers, you should not be diving 100% oxygen. Technical divers frequently use concentrations of oxygen up to 100% for decompression in stage tanks, but they are not diving on oxygen. Many will undoubtedly realize that I am not distinguishing between 1.6 ATA and 2.0 ATA... Nor have I discussed the 24 hour clock and the cumulative effect of oxygen exposure. If you are still wanting to know the depth at which a specific concentration of oxygen or an exposure to oxygen over time can become toxic, you should take a class in Nitrox or enriched air from a internationally recognized SCUBA agency. Many questions will be answered and you will learn the formulas to determine oxygen toxicity for a given concentration. I hope this helps

Less than 600 Newtons.

Less than 600 Newtons.

Less than 600 Newtons.

Less than 600 Newtons.

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No

Yes it can! The extremely high external pressure caused by all the water around a diver plus the low pressure inside the helmet of old diving gear can cause such disaster.

There's actually an episode of mythbusters when this is explicitly tested.

the anser is AQUALUNG

Different parts of breathing apparatus are:

face mask,Cylinder, back plate, main valve of the cylinder, harness of back plate, spider straps of face mask,neck strap,waist belt, speech transmittor, exhale valve, inhale valve,lung demand valve, first stage reducer, second stage reducer, inner face mask, o ring,

ummm, you cant walk in them :)

Flippers

51 feet is an integer, an integer is simply a whole number (no decimal place).

Not too sure what relevance it has to diving either? My best guess at what you are after is what depth should you use on the RDP?

If so you use the next biggest number, in this case 60ft

no

* The CGA Grade "E" quality verification level has become the specification most widely referenced for sport diving. CGA Grade "E" is generally considered to be the absolute minimum acceptable breathing gas quality for SCUBA diving, and many consider it to be too liberal. Filling an "Oxygen Clean" cylinder with CGA Grade "E" will introduce hydrocarbon contamination such that the cylinder is no longer considered O2 clean and may not be used for partial-pressure blending.

* "Oxygen-Compatible" is CGA Grade "E" with reduced maximum acceptable carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and particulate levels. The International Association of Nitrox Divers (IANTD) and American Nitrox Divers International (ANDI) created this designation for gases used in technical diving and gas blending. The U.S. Navy and the American Academy of Underwater Sciences (AAUS) have also issued "Oxygen-Compatible" specifications. All the "Oxygen-Compatible" specifications are similar but not identical. For the purposes of this discussion we'll use the IANTD "Oxygen-Compatible"

You could use a monfin for scuba. This is illustrated in the film the Big Blue but generally monofins are only used for free diving. There is a good reason why SCUBA divers a fin on each foot and why they are generally moderate in size. Normal fins give you a lot of control in the water. Swimming with a monofin gives you a very limited in finning technique which might cause a lot of practical problems unless you just want to swim.

This is because ocean water has weight, and believe it or not, air has weight too. The water and air pressure add up when you go farther underwater. This causes there to be higher water pressure as you go deeper because the water weight adds up.