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Submarines
Submarines are naval craft that can operate for an extended period of time underwater. They are used primarily as warships, as well as for business, scientific and other purposes. Submarines are different from submersibles, which only have limited underwater capability.
2,056 Questions
Facts about William bourne the inventor of submarines?
William bourne is a English mathmetician who invented the submarine and was born at 1535 till 1582.
How large is the submarine shark?
The Shark, circa l935 was a standard, fleet type submarine all were essentially class-built with minor modifications in number of torpedos, deck or AA guns, electronics , etc. all basically ( cut from the same molds).
Who invented the German U-boat?
The term "U-Boot" actually simply means "submarine." Generally it is thought that the submarine was invented by Cornelius Drebbel in the 1500s, or by John Holland in the 1800s.
The Walther U-Boot was invented by Helmut Walther.
U-boat is the English translation of unterseaboot or under sea boat, shortened to U-boat.
I don't know exactly, but i can say that they were in use by the second world war. According to Wikipedia, they were also used in world war one, so that would date them in the early 1900s.
Ans 2 - The original submarine idea was put into practice in 1776 by David Bushnell. His Turtle operated during the Revolutionary war. Modern day submarines as we know them started to take shape around 1890 and since then have continuously evolved.
Submarines have ballast tanks in them.........when it has to go deep down, the ballast tanks are filled with water, which increases its average density in regard to water(Relative Density).....and when it has to come up to the surface it empties the ballast tanks...and it rises. That's it.
They need fins because the engine and the fins make a good combo The fins push the water aside while the engine propells the sub forward
and that's why i think Fins are nessesary in Subarines.
What makes a bathyscaphe rise in the water?
Dropping auxiliary ballast ( steel shot in some cases) or blowing the conventional ballast tanks- which is a slovwer process due to inertia at the lower depths, not a rapid- woosh! like a sub down, say 400 feet, which will Blow Negative at this depth, and break surface timed by a chronograph or stop watch 30 seconds later- the rate of ascent is 800 Feet per minute! not so with the Deep Bathyscaphes. They come up slower.
What is the reason for submarines?
Submarines were invented primarily to destroy enemy ships in war, but initially they were considered underhanded by most naval officers because they were meant to attack without warning. The evolution of the submarine in wartime due to less restricted naval thinking by others helped changed that viewpoint forever.
While Submarine roles are continuously being redefined over the course of their nearly 400 year old use, as technology has evolved, their primary roles over the past 100 years have included:
Anti-ship warfare
Anti-Submarine Warfare
Radar Picket
Land Attack (Nuclear and Conventional )
Strategic Deterrence
Covert Intelligence
Covert Operator Insertion & Recovery
Covert Rescue
Search & Rescue
Mine Laying
Battle / Task Group Escort
Convoy Escort
Quick-Response to World Conflicts (submarines can get into position faster than surface vessels and undetected)
Naval & Scientific Research
Detection, Documentation, and Salvage Assistance of Naval Artifacts/Wreckage
Sailors have always dreamed of traveling under the ocean surface - Leonardo Da Vinci, an inventor of many war machines of his time, drew some of the first submarine concept designs, but they weren't put to practical use until many years later. They were eventually conceived as a craft that could sneak up on its target and sink it by means of an explosive charge. Originally, that was meant to be attached somehow, then detonated by means of a timed device. David Bushnell, inventor of the submarine Turtle, the first submarine used in combat during the Revolutionary War (but not successfully) proved that gunpowder could be detonated underwater. Unfortunately, the Turtle wasn't sufficient enough in power and design to overcome the problems with his concept of attack, boring a hole into the side of a ship and planting a charge.
The success of the submarine as a weapon finally came to pass with the Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley, which successfully planted its spar torpedo (an explosive charge on the end of a long pole attached to the submarine) into the Union sloop-of-war USS Housatonic in Charleston Harbor (South Carolina). The Hunley crew then detonated it by remote line (150' rope) as it backed away. Recent evidence found after analyzing the salvaged wreck shows that it did not sink from flooding damage caused by the explosion as previously thought; after signaling Confederate forces at her base on Sullivan's Island that the mission was successful, her crew apparently died from lack of oxygen as she was attempting to return to base after sinking the Housatonic in Charleston Harbor.
Submarine warfare evolved early in the 20th century as an anti-shipping weapon, meant to deny an enemy the means of resupplying itself. Up until the advent of airplanes, shipping was, and still is today, the primary means of moving large amounts of materials and supplies around the globe. The ability to control strategic areas of ocean by means of a weapon that is silent and can strike with little or no warning has as much impact and meaning on global events today as it did then.
Submarines are not considered vessels per se - the are considered a weapon in and of itself, and the submarine is fought as a weapon during battles.
During WWI, the submarine was used primarily as a regional weapon with restrictions on their use. Its development and significance as a major threat during the war cemented the submarine firmly in the minds of Naval strategists as a major weapon, and submarine technology and experimentation continued to evolve after the war ended.
In WWII, both Germany and the United States showed the world the value of the submarine as a weapon that can change the course of global events. For Germany, its initial successes with U-boats in the Battle of the Atlantic nearly isolated and destroyed Britain by cutting off vital supplies and war material. It wasn't until effective Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) measures were developed by the Allies that the U-boat threat was nullified.
In the Pacific, though the Japanese scored a major blow at Pearl Harbor, they failed to destroy either the American submarine or carrier fleets. Executing Unrestricted Submarine Warfare against Japanese targets, American submarines were able to eventually choke the supply lines to Japan the way Germany had done to Britain early in the war, but in the Pacific example, the Japanese weren't able to counter the submarine threat. Their successful attacks on Japanese targets allowed the fleet to rebuild after Pearl Harbor within months.
Submarines in WWII were also used to rescue downed fliers, insert covert operatives into hostile areas, and rescue prisoners and VIP's from enemy areas. These operations continue today.
It should be noted that until the advent of Nuclear Power and significant increases in battery technology, submarines up to that point weren't true submersibles. They were built primarily as surface ships with limited submerged operational capability. Nuclear Power changed that forever. With unlimited power, a modern submarine is only restricted by the needs of her crew. With more power comes more speed and the ability to add more weapons and operational capability. The submarine during the Cold War evolved into 2 distinct types - Fast-Attack, for ASW operations, and Ballistic Missile, for Strategic Deterrence.
After the START II Treaty removed Ballistic missiles from older type FBM submarines, they were refitted as SEAL delivery vehicles or Cruise missle platforms (SSGN). Fast-Attack submarines are already equipped with both torpedo tube launched and in some cases vertical tube launched (VLS) cruise missiles as well as guided torpedoes.
An FBM's mission is to continually remain undetected - they are the most effective nuclear deterrent that the U.S. has. Fast-Attack submarine missions are multi-faceted, serving as cruise missile platforms, advance scouts for Carrier Battle Groups, hunter-killer missions, SEAL delivery, research missions, and even salvage/DSRV (Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle) transport and delivery to target.
Today's modern submarines are true submersibles in every sense of the word. The ability to travel undetected in the vast oceans of the world is not only a major advantage, but a distinct physical and psychological threat to any enemy. A single submarine can tie up enemy ASW forces at length, or force them to alter battle plans. The best example is the Falklands War, in which 2 Argentinian Diesel-Electric boats tied up British ASW forces, while their own Fast-Attack, HMS Conqueror, scored the only modern day submarine torpedo kill against the light cruiser General Belgrano. After the war, it was found that the Argentinian submarines never left port.
The last successful wartime sinking of a large Naval vessel was in 1982 by the British Royal Navy attack submarine HMS Conqueror during the Falklands War. The Conqueror attacked and sank the Argentine Cruiser ARA General Belgrano, an old WWII U.S. Navy Light Cruiser sold to Argentina. Although it carried modern homing torpedoes, their reliability was in question, so the Captain of the Conquerorused 1925 era Mk 8 torpedoes instead. The Belgrano sunk within minutes of being struck by 3 torpedo hits, with the loss of over 300 crew.
What do you call a person who works on a submarine?
The proper term is Submariner, and the proper pronunciation is "Sub-ma-reen-er". Using the pronunciation "Sub-mare-a-ner" will get you a nasty look at best, a smack upside the head at worst.
Old slang terms in the Navy are also "Bubblehead" and "Pig Boat Sailor" (from the old days of WW1/WW2 diesel boats with limited water supplies).
A ballast tank is one of several external or internal tanks fitted in submarines, which allow the boat to submerge when filled with water.
Sonar is used to detect other vessels or ships/submarines through a tube-like device>
Andrea
What is an access hatch in a submarine?
On modern submarines, there are typically 4 primary access hatches - 1 in the bow, 1 in the stern, one on the bridge (at the top of the sail, or fairwater), and one hatch amidships. On most Submarines the center hatch (and most frequently used in port) is called the Weapons Shipping Hatch. This is because it is the only hatch which is at a 45 degree angle, as its primary function is for loading torpedoes and other weapons into the Torpedo Room.
The fore and aft access hatches on U.S. boats are also entrance and exits for the 2 Escape Trunks, used for crew escape, or for certain configured boats, SEAL delivery. All hatches have an inner and outer hatch to further ensure the inner pressure hull is not comprimised should an outer hatch seal fail for any reason.
Hatches also have a safety latch mechanism, that is to keep the hatch from being blown open by pressure in the boat when the hatch is opened after the boat has been submerged for some time. Such pressure can literally eject the opening crewman out of the hatchway. The latch provides a slower release, as well as a safety mechanism to keep the crewmember safe.
What do ships use to detect submarines?
Modern naval ships use some form of Sonar to detect submarines. Additionally, some ships are equipped with Magnetic Anomaly Detectors (MAD gear) that detect a submarine's impact on the Earth's magnetic field in that area. The gear is typically carried aboard helicopters temporarily stationed on the ship.
How many people can the dolphin 3K submersible carry?
Its cause of the boom boom rocket in mariokart XD
How does a submarine engine work?
Most modern submarines today are either Nuclear Powered or Diesel Electric, the same technology used in submarines during WWI and WWII.
Diesel Electric boats use diesel generators to recharge their massive batteries. In WWI and WWII, submarines weren't true submersibles as we define them today - they were low profile surface vessels with limited submerged operational capability. With the advent of teardrop and cigar shaped hulls, and vastly improved battery technology, DE's can now remain submerged on battery operation for weeks. However, they are still limited in speed, and they have no choice but to come to periscope depth and snorkel to recharge their batteries. While they are on battery operation they are extremely quiet, but once snorkeling they are extremely noisy. In the early days of the Nuclear Power program for the Navy, there was heated debate over the cost of Nuclear Power vs. Diesel Electric technology. A test was conceived, where a single Nuclear Powered submarine was pitted against several DE boats. Each time they had to snorkel and recharge, they became sitting ducks. Since that time, the Navy has been almost exclusively Nuclear with submarines, only having 3 DE's in the fleet, and those primarily for training purposes, known as the "B Girls" - USS Barbel (SS-580), USS Blueback (SS-581) and USS Bonefish (SS-582). They have since been decommissioned and the current submarine fleet of the U.S. Navy is all Nuclear.
The primary operation and theory has remained the same for decades - only the technology has improved. Essentially, diesel engines that can generate electricity recharge the boat's batteries, and the DC electricity from the batteries powers an electric motor connected to the main propeller shaft.
Nuclear Powered submarines, true submersibles by all definitions, are only limited by their crews. Without the need for crew resupply, the boat could remain at sea indefinitely for years until the need for refueling her reactor. Nuclear submarines also have a diesel generator, batteries, and a backup electric motor should the main engines fail or have problems. While the speed is pretty slow, it's at least something.
Reactor technology is pretty simple - the reactor generates heat, and the pressurized cooling water (U.S.) metal (Russian) that flows around it is passed into a steam generator, which is nothing more than a large chamber where the coolant flows through in a pipe and water from a secondary water feed is pumped into the chamber and onto the hot coolant pipes, flashing it instantly into steam. The pressurized steam is then used to power Turbine Generators, which in turn are connected to reduction gears connected to the main propeller shaft. After the steam is used, it passes into a condenser, which turns it back into water, and it's pumped again back into the steam chamber to again start the continuous loop.
The U.S. Navy has a perfect record using pressurized water reactors since they were introduced into the fleet by Admiral Hyman G. Rickover in the '50's beginning with the Nautilus. The Russians have typically used different reactor coolant over the years with mixed results, such as liquid nickel or liquid sodium.
If you want to see a basic diagram of how it works for a Nuclear boat, you can see a diagram in one of the old Welcome Aboard pamphlets I have on my own site containing pics and other items from my own submarine days. The link is below, and it's on page 6. Note that even though it's a basic diagram, all ships or submarines around the world that are Nuclear powered use the same basic principle - the only difference is in the machinery and reactor designs.
How much submarine dive into deep water?
All military submarines dive into deep water. The deeper they can cruise,the harder they are to find. I call 'deep' any more than 120 feet down, but most modern military submarines can operate as deep as 900 feet, many even to 1500 and possibly more.
There are now many civilian submarines (shallow divers) which show tourists the undersea reefs and fish life. These generally operate between 30 and 90 feet down and I doubt that any could safely dive deeper than 200 feet at most.
