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The Battle of Hastings
The Battle of Hastings was the decisive Norman victory in the Norman Conquest of England and took place at Senlac Hill, close to the present-day town of Battle, East Sussex.
2,920 Questions
Who were the first to invade England?
The first invaders were:
the Celts, who arrived around 700 BC from central Europe and then another wave came from Belgium.
The Romans, arrive between 55 and 54 BC with Juliuous Caesar and then 43 AD with Claudious. the came from The Gaul (present France).
The Anglo-Saxoms, who arrvied 430 AD. they came form western Germany.
The Vikings, arrived 865 AD who came fron Scandinavian Peninsula, Denmark.
The Normans, who arrived in 1066.
What are the main events of the year 1066?
- January 1066: Edward the Confessor dies. Harold gambles and makes a bid for the Crown, supported by all the magnates of England. William does nothing, despite the so-called oath.
- Early 1066: Tostig comes to Flanders looking for aid in his projected bid against Harold. Whether he makes a deal with William is a moot point, but certainly William sees this as his chance to invade. He starts to gather his forces. These were made up of 'feudal' levies, in which the knight owed service to his lord in return for land. However, William manages to double the projected strength of his forces by promising English land to anyone who turns up. The final strength of his army is c. 8-10,000 of which c.2,000 are cavalry. He starts constructing a fleet at Dives to transport them all across.
- May 1066: Tostig makes an abortive attempt to invade England. Harold calls out the English levy (the fyrd) to defend against an expected thrust from William, but it never comes. By 8th September, Harold has to disband the fyrd and let it go home to harvest its crops.
- 20th September 1066: After sailing up the Ouse with more than 10,000 men in 200 longships, Harald Hardrada and Tostig defeat the hastily assembled forces of Earls Edwin & Morcar at Fulford outside York. The army of the Earls is decimated and Edwin & Morcar are unable to play any more part in the campaigns of 1066. This leaves them free to make their peace with William after Hastings, but need not be seen as premeditated.
- 25th September 1066: Harold responds by scraping together a scratch force made up largely of his own housecarls and personal followers, and racing north, calling up the shire levies as he passes through. In four days, he has marched 180 miles, and surprised the Norwegian army outside York at Stamford Bridge. Harold offers Tostig his earldom back if he will turn on Harald, but Tostig refuses. Legend has a lone berserker axeman defending the bridge until the sneaky English paddle under the bridge in a barrel and thrust a spear up through the wooden slats. Harald & Tostig both fall at the head of their men.
- 28th September 1066: Having sailed his fleet to St Valery sur Somme, William waits for the wind to be in the right direction. It changes 2 days after Stamford Bridge, and William's fleet makes landfall at Pevensey completely unopposed. He marches to Hastings - a good harbour from which he can withdraw easily if necessary, and begins building a castle.
- 1st October 1066: While at York, Harold learns of William's landing. He marches back down Ermine Street, stopping to pray at Waltham Abbey (which he had founded) on the way. By 12th October, he is back in London and gathering what forces he could to face William.
- 14th October 1066: Harold takes up a position blocking the Norman advance to London on Senlac Ridge at the site of Battle with an army of little more than 5,000 weary and footsore men. He intends to fight a purely defensive battle, sitting behind the famous Saxon shield wall and letting the Normans break themselves against it. This works well, beating back repeated waves of Norman infantry followed by cavalry. It works so well in fact that the Breton knights on the Norman left begin to run. Seeing victory in their grasp, the English right charges down the slope after them, exposing themselves to a devastating counter-attack led by William himself.
- However, William is unhorsed and a shout goes up that he is dead. Everything hangs in the balance; but William sweeps off his helmet and rises to rally his troops. Yet the pause had given the English time to regroup, and the Normans batter themselves uselessly against the reformed shield wall. As the day drags on, the numbers began to tell and the English shield wall begins to crack.
- Late in the day, Harold takes an arrow in the eye and as his men mill around him, four Norman knights break through and hack him down. Legend has it that his body was so mutilated that it could not be recognised until it was identified by his devoted mistress, Edith Swan-neck.
- Oct-Dec 1066: A state of war continues until Christmas 1066, when a deal is struck between William and the English magnates in which he guarantees their positions in return for their support. William is crowned King of England on Christmas Day in London by Archbishops Ealdred and Stigand. Edwin, Morcar and Waltheof swear allegiance to him.
When did Harold godwin son die?
No-one knows the exact answer, however, it is believed that an arrow was shot through his eye, or he could have been stabbed somewhere else in his body. People believe that he was probably stabbed in the eye because there is a scene on the tapestry of a man with an arrow through his left eye, with words that read "Harold Rex interfectus est" which means "Here King Harold dies", but no-one knows for sure whether it is him or not.
Harold Godwinson died after being struck in the eye with an arrow by William the Conquerer's Army, the Normans.
How many different types of castles were there between 1066 and 1400?
Warwick Castle built from 1068, situated 97 miles northwest of London
From 1088, the castle belonged to the Earl of Warwick to serv as a symbol of his power. Most of the current castle was built between 1350 and 1400. The castle has interesting history being involved in the War of the Roses and English Civil War. There are many events held each year. Entry about £26 per adult. Postcode: CV34 5BE.
Arundel Castle built from 1067, situated 63 miles south of London
Arundel Castle is a restored medieval castle built for Roger de Montgomery in 1067. Roger was awarded the earldom of Arundel by William the Conqueror. The castle was severely damaged in the English Civil War 1642-1651. Restoration took place in the 1700s and 1800s. The castle remains the main seat of the Dukes of Norfolk, open to the public to help fund the upkeep. Admission about £8 to £17 per adult, depending on how much you want to visit. Postcode: BN18 9AB.
www.arundelcastle.org
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arundel_Castle
Area Hotels
Dover Castle built from 1150s, situated 77 miles southeast of London
Dover Castle is a medieval castle built from the 1100s. It is situated at the shortest crossing to Europe, leading to it being one of the main castles in England. Much of what can be seen today is from the reign of Henry II 1154-1189, or from the Napoleonic Wars in the early 1800s. The castle has a number of tunnels from the Napoleonic & World Wars. Entry about £17.00 per adult. Postcode: CT16 1HU.
Leeds Castle built from 1119, situated 42 miles southeast of London in Kent by Maidstone
Leeds Castle was built from 1119 for Robert de Crevecoeur to replace an earlier Saxon manor. The castle became a royal palace in 1278 for King Edward I and his queen, Eleanor of Castile. The castle and grounds are open to the public with an aviary, maze, grotto, golf course and a unique museum of dog collars. Entry about £20 per adult. Postcode: ME17 1PL.
Alnwick Castle built from 1096, situated 34 miles north of Newcastle, northeast
Alnwick Castle is the home of the Duke of Northumberland. The earliest parts of the castle were built soon the Norman conquest and was used to protect the north of England from Scottish invasions. Visits to the castle increased dramaticaly after it was used as a stand in for Hogwarts in the Harry Potter films. Entry about £14 per adult. Postcode: NE66 1NQ.
Is the bayeux tapestry a tapestry?
No. It is actually a work of embroidery. A true tapestry would have the image woven into the fabric of the cloth; here, it has been sewn onto the top of a previously woven fabric.
No, it is an embroidery because of the way it is made
A tapestry is woven on a loom in the same way that cloth is for making clothing.
The Bayeux "Tapestry" is actually an embroidery stitched with needle and thread on a length of linen cloth
What did Harold godwinson work as?
Harold Godwinson is better known as King Harold II, and was the last Anglo-Saxon English King.
He succeeded Edward the Confessor as King of England on 6th January 1066, and reigned until 14th October of that year until the Norman Invasion of England, when he was killed leading his troops against William the Conqueror's forces.
How did monks hope to reform monastic life in the 12th century?
Some monks themselves fell into corruption and did very wicked things. Some monasteries, the first and famous being probably the monastery of Cluny, began reform movements throughout the monastic system. These monasteries had a great influence among the members of the Church. In short, they were the key in reform.
What did king William of Normandy accomplish during his reign?
we don't know that's two hard were trying to find out the same thing..
Answer
He made a lot of changes. Here are a few of the more radical ones.
William took all the land in England then divided the country between himself, the church and 198 of his Barons.
He destroyed towns and villages in the south of England leaving thousands of people homeless and planted the new forest so he would have somewhere to fulfil his favourite past time of hunting deer.
When the people of Yorkshire protested against his occupation of England, he set his army to murder thousands of civilians men, women and children in town and villages in Yorkshire in what was known as 'The Harrying of the North' as a warning to any others who apposed his rule. So thorough was his army they even killed the livestock and destroyed crops. This left a whole swath of Yorkshire uninhabited for almost 200 years.
He build over 1000 Castels to suppress the population against further revolt particularly in Wales where they had previously resisted rule from the Anglo-Saxon's for hundreds of years.
He tried but failed to change England from an English speaking nation to a Norman-French speaking nation.
He was alienated from the Scotland where he became known as 'William the bastard'. King of Scotland Malcolm the III gave sanctuary to the last two remaining members of the English Royal family Edgar Ætheling and Margaret of Wessex who later became Malcolm's second wife and Queen of Scotland. Margaret was instrumental in granting Scottish lands to Norman barons making allies of potential invaders whilst consolidating her own otherwise vulnerable position. Later Henry II of England became the first descendant of William of Normandy as well as King Malcolm III vs. Queen Margaret of Scotland making him the first Anglo-Norman monarch descended from both the Conqueror and the House of Wessex.
Medieval times ended in the mid 16th century AD/CE when the nation states arose.
The term "the Middle Ages" refers to the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire in the West (5th century) to the fall of Constantinople (1453).
Why the Normans left their homes in the north?
The Normans never left.
They were gradually absorbed into the English, Scots, Welsh and Irish populations, mainly as aristocratic landowning nobility. Anyone with surnames such as Mandeville, Montfort, Lacy, de Vere, Bruce, Mowbray, Percy, Fossard, Stuteville, Baliol and many more are descended directly or indirectly from Norman knights.
Why did Harald Hardrada want to become king 1066?
Edgar Atheling was the only legitimate heir and claimant to the English throne (he was the great-nephew of King Edward the Confessor). By legal rights, Edgar was the only person who could be considered the successor (and he was declared as such by the Witan after Harold's death). Unfortunately, he was only 14 years of age in 1066, had spent most of his earlier years in Hungary, and did not have the popular support, intimidation and the military resources that Harold Godwinson possessed. He was unable to repel William of Normandy's invasion of England and was forced to submit. He attempted, in 1069, to win the throne with Scottish and Danish support, but eventually submitted to William.
What famous battle does the bayeux tapestry depict?
Events depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry are the events leading up to the Norman conquest of England, including the Battle of Hastings. The Tapestry is not actually a tapestry; it is 70 meters long.
It was made for William of Normandy or William the conqueror.
Duke of Normandy who conquered England in 1066?
Duke William of Normandy had gathered an invasion fleet and set sail on the 28 September 1066. they landed in pevensey near Hastings on 29 September 1066. the battle took place in Hastings near the south coast.
hope this helped
What important battle happened on Peleliu Island in World War 2?
The 1st Marine Division landed upon Peleliu on Sept. 15, 1944. On Nov. 27, 1944 the USMC declared the island secured, at a cost of 1,252 Marines KIA, & another 5,274 Marines WIA. As to it being an important battle in WW 2, 1,252 mothers would agree...........
Richard V. Horrell
WW 2 Connections.com
Peleliu's important battle was the Battle of Bloody Nose Ridge
Peleliu was an island to the east of the Philippine Islands. It has been much debated as to whether the island needed to be secured or what the islands importance was to the overall battle plan. To protect the invasion of the P.I. from the aircraft at Peleliu, Admiral Nimitz wanted to secure the island. While others thought it unecessary. Regardless of the arguments, the Japanese were so well emplaced that we would have to secure the island eventually.
What is the history of the United Kingdom?
The United Kingdom has settlers for the first time beginning in 43 AD. The government of the United Kingdom is a unitary state, which has a constitutional monarchy. The Acts of Union was formed in 1707.
Who had the arrow shot in his eye at the Battle of Stamford park?
This event was not at Stamford Bridge, it was infact in the Battle of Hastings. A french archer from William of Normandy's army shot Harold Godwinson in the eye with an arrow.
How far did Harold have to march his men to Stamford bridge?
I think I looked this up once: 263 miles if my memory serves.
What was Daily life during the medieval times?
Life was terrible it was such diseases as plauge or known as the Black Death. Education was horrible it was unequal it was as if the rich had a better education. Life was terrible it was such diseases as plauge or known as the Black Death. Education was horrible it was unequal it was as if the rich had a better education.
What made William the Conqueror a good king?
William was a good leader because he led his army into the battle of Hastings in three rows, archers at the front, foot soldiers in the middle and the knights at the back. He also came to England prepared he came with 2000 soldiers, 4000 horses, food and wine, chain mail armour and weapons.
How long has the bayeux tapestry been around?
We do not actually know how long it took to make or indeed who made or commissioned it. However, a replica of it was made by 37 ladies and it took them a year to complete.
What did William the Conqueror do to control the church?
Well William gave
the church 25%
of English land so
the church was
behind William soon
followed by England.
