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He believe that he was a "new Julius Caesar". He dreamed of a new Roman Empire, but he wanted it to be bigger and stronger. When he won the Second World War he would call his new empire Greater Italy. His belief was probably the same as every other dictator throughout history: he was a god and he wanted to be worshipped.

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15y ago
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8y ago

Some of Mussolini's policies were:

Battle of the Births: He wanted to promote women giving birth (10 to 13 children) in order for him to have a larger population to conscript his soldiers. This was not very successful, since women were newly being incorporated into the workforce and did not wish to return to their old-fashioned ways of being stay-at-home mothers. Mussolini highly taxed bachelors as well, so marriage was encouraged economically. Also, due to the instability of the economy during Mussolini's Italy, women were discouraged from having large families, since that would mean more mouths to feed.

Battle for Grain: He wanted to increase grain yield and sell it as exports and to "feed the nation." He stated that increasing grain production was the only way for Italy to become closer to achieving its goal of becoming an autarky.

Battle of the Marshes: He wanted to drain and demolish all the marshlands in order to build "100 new cities," although he only succeeded in demolishing one marshland near Rome and succeeded in building only two cities. There was an advantage to this, however; the marshes had many mosquitoes that spread malaria, and so destroying that marshland near Rome was beneficial to the population ( and consequently to its tourism).

Battle for the Lira: He wished to make the lira stronger, with his motto of "Buy Italian." This was not very successful due to retaliation of other countries by using tariffs, and the lira was made to seem stronger, although it was really 150 liras to the British pound instead of 90 liras (he pretended it was higher to boost morale). The "Buy Italian" campaigns did work to a certain degree, and it certainly did help boost Italian patriotism and nationalism.

In addition to these economic and social policies, he made "Dopo Lavoro" programs, which literally translated means "after work.".He would arrange sports matches, shows, parades, and rallies in order to boost nationalism, loyalty, and "reward" workers, although this all might not have pleased them very much due to the rising inflation and taxation.

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12y ago

Fascism - which is pretty similar to Nazism, since it involves conquering other countries, a strongly militant society, mixed economic policy and Dictatorship. Unlike Hitler, Mussolini wasn't actually racist or anti-Semetic but he adopted some anti-Semetic laws to please Hitler. He believed that he should create a "new Roman empire" and to do so attacked several countries in Africa. If you're talking about religion, well Mussolini was an atheist and quite anti-religious, but he was careful not to upset the predominantly Catholic population of Italy.

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13y ago

Italy had emerged from World War I in a poor and weakened condition. An unpopular and costly conflict had been borne by an underdeveloped country. Post-war there was inflation, massive debts and an extended depression. By 1920 the economy was in a massive convulsion - mass unemployment, food shortages, strikes, etc.

His main interests were to use economic power to politically reshape the Italian state to fit his ideological outlook. He aligned himself with industrial interests and aimed to eliminate the struggles between employer and employee. This was to be achieved by creating a new Corporative System. Mussolini dissolved trade unions, which he regarded as communist outlook.

To proponents of the first view, Mussolini did have a clear economic agenda, both long and short-term, from the beginning of his rule. The government had two main objectives - to modernize the economy, and to remedy the country's lack of strategic resources.

In the short term the government worked to reform the widely-abused tax system, dispose of inefficient state-owned industry, cut government costs, and introduce tariffs to protect the new industries.

The lack of industrial resources, especially the key ingredients of the industrial revolution, was countered by the intensive development of the available domestic sources and by aggressive commercial policies - searching for particular raw material trade deals, or attempting strategic colonization.

Economic policy in the first few years was largely liberal, Furthermore, various banking and industrial companies were financially supported by the state.

On a wider scale the Fascist economic policy pushed the country towards the "corporative state", an effort which lasted well into the war. The idea was to create a national community where the interests of all parts of the economy were integrated into a class-transcending unity.

Strikes and lockouts were forbidden. In 1939 a central committee of corporations replaced the chamber of deputies. However between 1925-1938 wages fell by 10%, living standards remained the lowest in Europe. Corporations never became the Fascist institutions par excellence that Mussolini had hoped. A costly and often corrupt bureaucracy failed to prevent economic collapses during the war.

Other reforms did succeed however. Mussolini reformed Italy's transport system. The building of bridges, canals, and major road systems improved communications throughout the country. Mussolini's government educational standards were high. The school leaving age was raised, new schools were built and higher standards of attainment were set. Between 1922 and 1939, the number of secondary schools increased by 120%. Physical fitness became a priority. Mussolini also had a measure of success in dealing with the Sicilian Mafia. The ruthless methods of the fascist curbed the mafia's power. Many gangsters immigrated to the USA.

Mussolini's economic policies were at best, only moderately successful. When Italy was faced with the economic strains of the Second World War, it became apparent that the country's economy was extremely weak. However it is agreed that it was Mussolini's disastrous foreign adventures rather than economic weaknesses that led to his downfall. Mussolini was extremely vain and arrogant and saw himself as the new Caesar who should have an empire.

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9y ago

Benito Mussolini believed that some races of people were less developed and inferior. He claimed that it was natural law for stronger races to dominate.

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14y ago

Fascism

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