Biochemistry

Insulin controls the sugars in your body.
Insulin is a hormone secreted by the beta cells of pancreas which regulates glucose levels (an increase in insulin lowers blood glucose). The pancreas senses the level of glucose in blood and secretes the amount of insulin accordingly.

yes ,Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

It is a major storage form of carbohydrate in animal.found mainly in liver and muscle.It is a highly branched form of amylopectin .Alfa-1,6 branching point is occur every eight to ten D- glucose residues.

A centrifuge flings things outward. When the centrifuge spins rapidly, the centrifugal force pushes objects away from the center, causing them to separate based on their density.

Yes, Combipatch is considered a bioidentical hormone therapy because it contains bioidentical estradiol (a form of estrogen) and bioidentical norethindrone acetate (a form of progestin). These hormones are chemically identical to the hormones naturally produced by the body.

In glycolysis, glucose (a 6-carbon sugar molecule) goes in and is converted into two molecules of pyruvate (a 3-carbon compound). This process also produces ATP (energy) and NADH (a molecule that carries high-energy electrons).

Enzymes do not create light. Instead, bioluminescence, which is the production of light by living organisms, is typically achieved through specific chemical reactions mediated by enzymes within specialized structures called photophores. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of a substrate molecule into a product that emits light as a result of the reaction.

Alcohol dehydrogenase uses NAD as a coenzyme to catalyze the conversion of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, with the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.

when sucrose is hydrolysed it turns into glucose and fructose.

fructose is laevo rotatory

whereas glucose is dextrorotatory

sucrose is also dextrorotatory

but amout of laevo rotation of fructose is able to overcome the dextro rotation of glucose.

hence the product is laevo rotatory an d reactant dextrorotatory

hence sucrose is an invert sugar.

Glucose monomers make up the polysaccharide starch.

Chargaff's rules state that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) is equal to the amount of thymine (T). This is known as complementary base pairing, where A always pairs with T in the double helix structure of DNA.

Extra nitrogen can enter bay ecosystems through runoff from agricultural fields where nitrogen-based fertilizers have been applied, as well as from urban areas where treated sewage or stormwater runoff contains nitrogen compounds. Industrial waste discharge can also contribute to elevated nitrogen levels in bay ecosystems.

The molecules that are most reduced will have the most number of hydrogens and the molecules that are most oxidized will have more oxygens around them. For example an Alkane is the most reduced followed by alkene, aldehyde, alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid and carbon-dioxide is the most oxidized organic compound.

No, adenine bonds with thymine in Dna, while adenine bonds with uracil in Rna [the pairs AT & AU].

c. lateral roots, they are part of the root system

Methyl Alcohol is not a product of fermentation so no steps are required to avoid it. You are morelikey to get annoying levels of Ethyl Acetate which is solvent smelling and tasting. Methyl Alcohol can be found in trace amounts in wine and fruit brandies but this is due to the breakdown of pectin the the cell walls of the fruit and not fermentation. Its worth noting that the treatment for Methyl Alcohol poisoning is ingestion of Ethyl Alcohol. Both are prcessed by the same enzyme which much prefers to breakdown Ethyl Alcohol. Basically they keep you drunk until all the Methyl Alcohol has been sweated/breathed/urinated out of your system. Methyl Alcohol isn't actually poisonous, BUT its metbolised by your body into chemicals that are. Any product of fermentation containing Methyl Alcohol will contain more than enough Ethyl Alcohol to protect you from it. Anyone concerned about Methyl Alcohol ingestion should read up on Aspartame. The Diet Coke you drink may exposure you to more methanol than you realise.

Electrophoresis per se cannot be used to implicate a suspect. Rather, electrophoresis is merely one of many analytical techniques which may be applied to a specific question, being posed by a an investigator. The value of electrophoresis is nil outside the data quality objectives (DQOs) presented by the investigating team, and the QA/QC program of the analyzing laboratory. Without QA/QC, in the lab, and without appropriate DQOs, electrophoresis is no more capable of implicating a suspect than a ouija board. Laboratories cannot perform in the real world as seen on TV's CSI, and real CSIs would go to jail if they pulled some of the stunts seen on the TV series.

The prognosis for vitamin A deficiency varies depending on the severity and duration of the deficiency. Mild cases can often be treated effectively with vitamin A supplementation and dietary changes. However, severe or prolonged vitamin A deficiency can lead to serious health complications, including impaired vision, compromised immune function, and potentially life-threatening conditions. Early detection and prompt treatment are key factors in improving the prognosis for individuals with vitamin A deficiency.

With proper treatment, the prognosis for vitamin B6 deficiency is usually good. Symptoms can often be reversed within a few weeks to months with vitamin B6 supplementation. However, if left untreated, severe and prolonged deficiency can lead to neurological complications and permanent damage.

The prognosis for respiratory acidosis depends on the underlying cause, how quickly it is identified and treated, and the overall health of the individual. If treated promptly and effectively, most cases of respiratory acidosis can be reversed with minimal long-term consequences. However, severe or prolonged respiratory acidosis can lead to serious complications and even be life-threatening.

the spindle

Chemical equations provide a written representation of a chemical reaction by showing the relationship between reactants and products. While they do not have a physical structure like molecules, they are structured to follow the law of conservation of mass and allow scientists to understand the stoichiometry of a reaction.

Cell differentiation allows for the development of specialized cell types that can perform specific functions in the body, contributing to the overall functionality and complexity of an organism. It enables cells to respond to different signals and environments, promoting tissue regeneration and repair. Additionally, cell differentiation plays a critical role in embryonic development and growth, leading to the formation of various tissues and organs.

If native DNA is isolated carefully the sample will consist of long fragments of double stranded DNA. The hydrodynamic behaviour of this molecule resemble a long rod which because is highly asymetric it has a high intrinsic viscosity. As DNA denatures the two strands separate and each single strand is free to adopt different conformations in a form of a random coil. This form has a lower intrinsic viscosity than the double stranded DNA.

Hydrolysis of a dipeptide results in the breaking of the peptide bond between the two amino acids in the dipeptide to yield two separate amino acids. This process requires the addition of water to break the bond, resulting in the separation of the amino acid components.

The stomach secretes protease enzymes that work best at a pH of around 2.