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Proteins
Proteins are the macromolecules coded in our DNA that function as a biocatalyst and build our body. Apart from Biological knowledge, there are spectacular concepts in the field of proteins. How does a protein produce a function, how do they interact, how did they evolve and how do protein mutations cause disease.
460 Questions
they are complex macromolecules that carry out many functions in the body including: growth and repair, signaling from one cell to another, defense against invaders, and catalyzing chemical reactions. human bodies couldn't function without proteins
Proteins are important for many biological function in the cells. Proteins like collagen, actin, tubulin, myosin build up the body. Functional protein such as hormones, transporters, enzymes carry out many diverse role in cells.
What are the structure levels of proteins?
1st level, 2nd level, Tertiary, and Quaternary.
The first level is just the different protein groups forming peptide bonds to create a polypeptide
The second level consists of hydrogen bonds between the H and the O molecules in the proteins forming pleated and helical shapes
The Tertiary structure is the interactions of different R groups binding to each other (many different types of bonds happen between the R groups)
The Quaternary structure is many polypeptides interacting with each other
Yes. A 100-calorie serving of cucumber contains 4.33 grams of protein, which is slightly more than a 100-calorie serving of ground beef.
What proteins are found in sarcomeres?
The main proteins found in sarcomeres include actin, myosin, tropomyosin, and troponin. Actin and myosin are the major filament proteins responsible for muscle contraction, while tropomyosin and troponin are regulatory proteins that help regulate the interaction between actin and myosin.
Proteases are enzymes that specifically digest proteins by breaking down peptide bonds between amino acids. Examples include pepsin in the stomach, trypsin in the small intestine, and papain in the stomach. These enzymes help in the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids for absorption in the body.
Are proteins formed by dehydration synthesis?
No; they are formed by translation. Carbohydrates are formed by dehydration synthesis.
They are too large to be transformed by carrier proteins. They are moved across by Vesicles instead.
Where proteins are made in all cell?
Every cell in your body contains proteins.
Proteins are polymers made of many similar molecules (amino acids) joined together in long chains, these chains are then folded to form a 3D shape.
How is protein organized in a chromosome?
Chromosomes are mostly DNA not proteins, but there are small proteins that "package" and protect the DNA. These proteins are somewhat different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes:
- Prokaryotes do not possess nuclei. Instead, their DNA is organized into a structure called the nucleoid. This structure is, however, dynamic and is maintained and remodeled by the actions of a range of histone-like proteins, which associate with the bacterial chromosome. In archaea, the DNA in chromosomes is even more organized, with the DNA packaged within structures similar to eukaryotic nucleosomes.
- In the nuclear chromosomes of eukaryotes, the uncondensed DNA exists in a semi-ordered structure, where it is wrapped around histones (structural proteins), forming a composite material called chromatin.
What modifies and packages proteins in specific ways depending on their destinations?
The golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins in specific ways depending on their destinations.
Does chicken have a lot of proteins?
All organisms have a lot of proteins, as they allow us to function.
Considering that Amoeba sp., among other animal cells, possesses the capacity of dynamic surface extensions containing actin filaments. These filaments produce pseudopodia-stubby distensions of the actin cortex-with which they walked over surfaces. Therefore if there is an interest in slowing down the movement we would have to be interested in fibroblast cells that regularly extend a thin, sheetlike process known as lamellipodium, which contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. Moreover, actin filaments can form the so-called microspikes, which are about 0.1 um wide and 5 to 10 um long and contain a loose bundle of about 20 actin filaments oriented with their plus ends pointing outward. In conclusion, it will be a good idea to look at the actin protein in order to make a research in amoeba's locomotion processes.
Viruses hijack the cell and use the cell's machinery to produce proteins.
How are proteins distugushed from each other?
They have different primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure.
Yes, proteins can contain potassium as it is an essential mineral needed for various cellular functions. Foods high in protein, such as meat, poultry, and dairy products, can also provide a significant amount of potassium.
Stress proteins, also known as heat shock proteins, are a group of proteins that are produced in cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions, such as high temperatures or harmful chemicals. They help cells survive and recover from stress by assisting in protein folding, preventing protein damage, and promoting cell repair and protection. Stress proteins play a crucial role in maintaining cell function and promoting cell survival under adverse conditions.
What are unprocessed proteins?
Proteins are formed in ribosomes in the cytoplasm as unprocessed proteins. They processed to form additional bonds, binding extra chemical moieties such as glycosylation, phosphorylation that helps them to make stable 2D and 3D conformations. This process is accompanied by protein folding. The processing usually occurs in ER and Golgi apparatus.
