Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great was king of Macedon. He conquered Greece, defeated the Persian Empire, and founded the city of Alexandria. By the time of his death Alexander had conquered most of the known ancient world.

it spread by letting everyone know that the war of the Greeks were coming for war and they all had to have weapons for the war but know one lighted to the idea they just went along with it though and the were ready and prepared for war with the Greeks and when the Greeks came they all went charging for there victory but nothing worked as the planed it went even worse and they all failed in victory!

He left soldiers in cities he took, giving orders to marry locals. The soldiers did so gladly. He then sent new merchants to each city and then built academies in new lands.

The first battle against the Persians was at the River Granicus, after Alexander crossed the Hellespont.

Then he defeated them again, this time they were led by their King Darius III, at the Pinarus River (known as the Battle of Issus) - Darius fled.

Alexander then defeated them again at the last and final battle against Darius III, which was at Guagamela.

After this battle, Darius fled again and was captured and assassinated by his own men. Alexander then proclaimed himself King of the Persian Empire.

He tried to spread it in the Middle East.

After Alexander the Great took over the Persian Empire he began a policy of Hellenisation - his vision of bringing Greek culture to the eastern world to civilise it. His early death cut this short, but his generals carved up his empire amongst themselves and continued the policy of Hellenisation, partly successfully for some regions. We now call these kingdoms the Hellenistic Kingdoms as, although not completely Hellenised, they spread a veneer of Greek culture over the eastern Mediterranean which lasted for a few hundred years.

Alexander of Macedon is regarded as great, mainly to not only his massive empire (Greece to India) but as his way of making his people believe he was a god.

The Empire split into four kingdoms, which would retain their sovereignty in order from least to longest: the Seleucids in Asia Minor and the Middle East, the Antigonids in Macedon (an area partly encompassing Greece), the Attalids in Pergamum (Asia Minor) and the Ptolemys in Egypt.

All four kingdoms were eventually incorporated into the Roman Republic.

After the Battle of Magnesia in 190 B.C., the final major battle in the Antiochan War, Antiochus is defeated by a conglomerate alliance of Rome, Pergamum, Rhodes and the Greek city state of Athens. Relying largely on its military authority and claim of monarchic divinity, the Seleucid Empire loses its power following the Treaty of Apamea in 188 B.C. which entails humiliating terms dictated by the Romans.

The kingdom of Macedon, after a series of four wars with Rome intermittedly spanning from 215 to 148 B.C., becomes increasingly weakened until Macedon loses its political sovereignty and becomes the Roman Province of Macedonia in 148 B.C.

The Kingdom of Pergamum in Asia Minor, founded by the Attalid dynasty, is peacefully left to Rome in 133 B.C. by Attalus III.

The Ptolemic dynasty in Egypt enjoys good relations with Rome until it is marred by the civil war between Caesar and Pompey, during which the advisors of the Ptolemic dynast execute Pompey, believing this will grant them favor with Caesar. Caesar, however, is infuriated at the execution of a worthy Roman citizen (a consul and military hero no less) at the hands of foreigners, and, trying to establish Cleopatra's faction on the throne, comes under serious assault by rioting crowds and hostile Egyptian forces in Alexandria until reinforcements arrive from across the Mediterranean. The independence of Egypt, with its massive agricultural potential for grain production, comes to an end when it becomes acquired by Gaius Julius Caesar Octavius (Octavian; Augustus following 27 B.C.) following his defeat of Marcus Antonius (Marc Antony) and Cleopatra's fleet at the naval Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. (off Greece's Eastern coast near the opening of the Ambracian gulf). Octavian then acquires hegemony over Egypt, marking an end to its political independence.

Alexander the Great was not actually a Greek ruler, as he was the King of Macedonia. Although there are quite a few similarities between Macedonian and Greek culture, Alexander was not Greek in the sense of the classical greek city states of Athens, Sparta, Thebes, or Corinth.

He united Greece and then conquered Asia minor known as modern day Turkey and freed the Greeks there from Persian yoke, what is now Iran, Persia, what is now Pakistan, parts of India and Afghanistan. Also Egypt and Syria.

He was a great person ever and he was unique then others.

The great Greek philosopher, who taught by questions and not answers was the great Aristotle.

Genghis Khan was a much better ruler of the Mongol Empire. Not only did he find the empire, but also conquered two-thirds of the known world at the time, which is still the largest empire to be created ever.

Philip II, was assassinated by Pausanias of Orestis, his personal bodyguard. Philip was murdered in October 336 BC, at Aegae (modern Vergina), the ancient capital of the Greek kingdom of Macedon

Alexander's reign was known for its repressive reforms and attempt to reassert autocratic rule. Second son of Alexaner II, Alexander III was educated for a Grand Prince according to the standards at the time, alas, after his older brother Nicholas' death, Alexander received education in law and politics also. His tutor was Konstantin Pobedonostsev - procurator of the Holy Synod and a conservative statesman, whose influence was immence. Pobedonostsev also tutored Alexander's son - the future tsar Nicholas II.

The most important of Alexander's reforms were known for their repressive measures and countering the reforms of Alexander II. Having disagreed with his father's liberating policies in private, witnessing the death of Alexander II's death only confirmed the belief of Alexander III in that opposition had to be squashed, and autocracy reaffirmed. He could not reverse the abolition of serfdom, but reduced the power of zemstvos - the village councils, which provided administrative reforms and services, such as the building and maintenance of roads, bridges, sanitation and poor relief. They were put under the supervision of Land Captains - gentry appointed by the Tsar. Alexander III was also a firm believer in national identity and sought to unite the empire by "Russifying" it - regardless of the fact that the State population made for less than a half of indigenous Russians, he ordered that the Russian language is spoken throughout the Empire. He was also known for anti-semitism and oppression of the Jews. Other non-Russian minorities in the Empire were also persecuted. Under his rule, the Secret Police were actively hunting down revolutionaries and there were many executions and exiles in Siberia. Press censorship was tightened, and the universities - stripped of their autonomy to employ lecturers.

The reign of Alexander III was also known for the advancement of industrialisation, and he authorised the building of the Trans-Siberain Railway, which was an important link to the advancement of the country's infrastructure and economy. Alexander appointed Count Sergei Witte as Minister of Finance. Alexander III sought peace in foreign relations, and during his reign Russia stayed out of major international conflicts. Alas, the Tsar firmly believed the best way to avoid a war conflict, was to have a strong army; and Russia's military was better educated and in a state of being ready for conflicts.

Alexander's reign was not as impressive in terms of political and social reforms as Alexander II's rule was - it was widely known as reversing the reforms of his father and its repressive measures. Despite there having been no major social unrests, excessive taxing, massive population growth and no corresponding food resources were seen as part of the reasons leading to the 1905 revolution.

He recognised the pantheon of gods of the Greek world - with Zeus as the father god, and other gods and goddesses each with their own specialised functions. He also recognised that the gods of other peoples and cultures were the same as those of the reek pantheon, and gave them due hour.

This was usual. Later when Pompey the Great captured Jerusalem, he immediately went to the temple and sacrificed to Jehovah, recognising that this was the same high god as Jupiter and Zeus.

It is only with the rise of the exclusivist religions of Judaism and its offshoots Christianity and Islam that claims of supremacy have led to religious wars, killings and persecution.

As a military strategist Napoleon was supreme. It is pointless to compare the two in the conditions that prevailed in their respective eras. For instance Genghis Khan's mobility is unmatched, and he could well have overwhelmed Napoleon's forces by the speed of his movement and arrival at critical areas of the battlefield. Countering that is Napoleon's firepower that would have decimated Genghis's forces no matter where they appeared.

Therefore we need to place them with similar resources and seek to understand how their skills and abilities would have impacted the outcome. In this, despite Genghis's excellent and simple organization of his touman-based forces, and his sustained offensives, Napoleon would have prevailed with his superb insight into any battle situation, his strategic deception and positioning prior to battle, and his sheer determination in driving even exhausted troops toward his goal, and with his matchless mastery of complexities of modern battle.

Without detracting from Genghis Khan's military genius, it must be said that his policy of total destruction of cities and people who refused to surrender to his forces left many of his adversaries unable to recover and pose a threat in the foreseeable future. In Napoleon's time this was unthinkable, consequently he had to reconquer the Austrians, Prussians and others time and again. If he could do as Genghis did, there would be no coalition against him as in 1814 and in the Waterloo campaign.

Rajiv

No heir had been appointed to the throne, and his generals adopted Philip II's illegitimate son, Philip Arrhidaeus, and Alexander's posthumous son by Roxanne, Alexander IV, as kings, sharing out the satrapies among themselves, after much negotiation...He and his uncle Philip, as joint kings, were placed under the guardianship of Perdiccas, Peithon and Antipater in succession. After the death of Antipater (309) Roxana fled with his sun to Epirus, and was afterwards taken back to Macedonia, together with Olympias, by Polyperchon. Both kings were murdered, Arrhidaeus in 317 and Alexander IV in 309 with his mother Roxane were assassinated by Cassander who then usurped the throne of Macedonia and married Thessaloniki (Alexander the Great's sister) in order to legitimize his position (Justin xiv. 6, xv. 2). The parts of former Alexander's empire became independent monarchies, and the generals, following Antigonus' lead in 306, took the title of monarch. The turbulent years from 323 to 301 B.C. saw endless conflicts among Alexander the Great's generals which ended with the parceling out of the Alexander's empire and the creation of the first Hellenistic kingdoms. Alexander generals known as Diadochs had established their own kingdoms on the rests of the Alexander's empire: No heir had been appointed to the throne, and his generals adopted Philip II's illegitimate son, Philip Arrhidaeus, and Alexander's posthumous son by Roxanne, Alexander IV, as kings, sharing out the satrapies among themselves, after much negotiation...He and his uncle Philip, as joint kings, were placed under the guardianship of Perdiccas, Peithon and Antipater in succession. After the death of Antipater (309) Roxana fled with his sun to Epirus, and was afterwards taken back to Macedonia, together with Olympias, by Polyperchon. Both kings were murdered, Arrhidaeus in 317 and Alexander IV in 309 with his mother Roxane were assassinated by Cassander who then usurped the throne of Macedonia and married Thessaloniki (Alexander the Great's sister) in order to legitimize his position (Justin xiv. 6, xv. 2). The parts of former Alexander's empire became independent monarchies, and the generals, following Antigonus' lead in 306, took the title of monarch. The turbulent years from 323 to 301 B.C. saw endless conflicts among Alexander the Great's generals which ended with the parceling out of the Alexander's empire and the creation of the first Hellenistic kingdoms. Alexander generals known as Diadochs had established their own kingdoms on the rests of the Alexander's empire:

Alexander was a great friend of artistole and they both created the a devise that allowd them to

First he inspired people he conquered by slowly incouraging them to at least look upon what he was going to say and building temples in there city of roman gods, but he did this in a kind way, and he wanted to make peace with them. Second with all this land he conquered he had nobody to run it so he invited the people to become citizens.

P.S. The person who said "He didn't" abviously didnt take english class, and didnt care, GOOD LUCK WITH WHAT EVER YOUR DOING!

Alexander wanted to be on good terms but they refused he sent troops to destroy it as a warning to other city-states what the consequences.

After Alexanders death, Macedonian generals were fighting for control over his empire. 3 leaders: Antigonnus, Ptolemy, and Selecus won control by becoming ruler of Macedonia Greek city-states, title of Pharaoh in Egypt, and controlling the Persian Empire

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Alexander The Great

A characteristic of Alexander the Great, is that he has basically achieved arete. He has the distinctiveness of excellence, honor, and glory, the definition of arete. That's his main characteristic.