Ancient Rome

Social anthropology would study the family structure of the Romans. Additionally, basic history gleaned from the writings of politicians, ancient historians and philosophers of the times of ancient Rome would be included. Archeology would also give insights to Roman family structures.

the early modern humans lived a farming lifestyle while the neanderthals still were nomadic people

The son of the Roman god Mars who was the founder of Rome and the twin brother of Remus was Romulus. Romulus and Remus were raised by a she-wolf and later had a quarrel that led to Romulus killing Remus and becoming the first king of Rome.

Aesop's Fables- he was Greek, but still very relevant in Rome. http://www.aesopfables.com/

Ovid's Metamorphoses- http://classics.mit.edu/Ovid/metam.html

Apuleius' Golden Ass- it is a novel, but is composed of many short stories and tales. http://www.jnanam.net/golden-ass/#ed

There are many more, but those are my favorites.

Public speaking was crucial in ancient Rome as it was used to persuade, influence, and mobilize people in politics, courtrooms, and public debates. Oratory skills were highly valued and considered essential for success in political and social spheres, helping individuals gain power, prestige, and influence in Roman society. Additionally, public speaking was a way to uphold one's reputation and legacy, as eloquence demonstrated intelligence, leadership, and rhetorical prowess.

In ancient Rome, the practice of determining the future by observing the path of the stars was known as astrology. Astrologers believed that celestial movements influenced human affairs, and they used these observations to make predictions about individuals' destinies.

Gladiator Fighting

Stadiums called amphitheatres (e.g the Colosseum) were used for entertainment as wild animals such tigers and bears were used to fight against prisoners or slaves from North Africa. The wild animals were kept in the underground dungeons of the Colosseum and were starved for weeks until they were let out to fight the gladiators. The Plebians (poor) and the Patricians (rich) in the audience would decide if the gladiator should live or die by putting their thumbs up or thumbs down. If there were more thumbs up then thumbs down the gladiator would live but if there are more thumbs down than up the gladiator would lay there until the wild animal salvaged him do death.

Ancient Rome built an extensive network of aqueducts to increase access to water. These aqueducts consisted of a series of channels, tunnels, and arcades that transported water from distant sources to the city. Additionally, Rome constructed public fountains and baths to provide water for daily use and hygiene.

1,000 in Roman numerals is M, the first letter of the Latin word mille (thousand)

The Pantheon was a temple dedicated to all gods (which is what the name means in Greek) by the Romans. It is well preserved because it was converted into a Christian church. It is a marvel of Roman architecture.

It is ruins (a rotunda) and its greatest marvel is its dome, which is still the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world. At its top there is a round opening called oculus (eye). Apart from the entry door, it is the only source of light as there are no windows. It also serves for ventilation and cooling. The light from the oculus moves around the rotunda throughout the day, giving a reverse sundial effect. The floor is slightly convex towards its sides. It highest part is 30 centimetres (neatly 1 ft.) higher and lies 2 metres (2 ft.) to the north-east of the centre. It is concave at the centre and has 22 drainage holes.

The dome was built on top of a rotunda (round chamber) in concrete and was supported by a sophisticated system of relieving arches. Its downward thrust rests on eight vaults in the drum wall (which is 6.4 metres 21 ft. thick) which are supported by eight piers. The structure had a symmetrical order. . The height from the floor to the oculus is the same as the diameter of the inner circle of the rotunda, 43.3 metres (142 ft.). The height of both the wall of the rotunda and the dome are the same of the radius of the rotunda (half its dimension). Thus, the structure could contain a sphere 43.3 metre in diameter and could fit into a cube with 43.33x43.33 m sides. Despite its large size (43.43x2.67m) the dome weight is only 5 metric tons. This was achieved with a number of weight-saving strategies. Its thickness of 6.4 metres (21 ft.) at the base narrows to 1.2 metres (3.9 ft.) around the oculus. Successively less dense (and thus lighter) aggregates were used as the dome went upwards. To make concrete, the Romans mixed a volcanic rock called pozzolana with lime and added rubble aggregate to make it solid. Tuff and/or travertine stone was used for the lower layers, bricks for the middle ones and pumice and/or pottery shreds for the higher ones. If the same concrete had been used throughout, the downwards stress would have been 80% higher. Having the empty space of the oculus instead of an apex also reduced weight. This could be achieved only with Roman concrete. Modern concrete is fluid. Roman concrete was less fluid and had to be layered by hand. This allowed the use of different aggregates. Finally, the interior of the dome has five rings of 28 evenly spaced coffers (sunken panels). This is a decorative technique and this specific kind of layout is difficult to achieve. In the case of the dome, it also reduces weight because of the empty spaces in the squares. The arrangement of the coffers forms a honeycomb structure, which has a high strength-to-weight ratio. Thus, despite being hollow, it provides structural strength. The weight of the dome around the oculus (which is 9.1 metre, 30 ft., in diameter) is carried by as ring arches which form it.

The top of the rotunda which supports the dome has a series of relieving arches built into the brickwork which are visible outside. There are also relieving arches over the recesses (see below) on the inside. All these arches are hidden by the marble facing of the interior or by stone layering or stucco on the exterior. At the back of the temple there was a building to which the rotunda abutted, which helped to buttress the rotunda. There was no access to this building.

At the ground level of the Rotunda there are six wide recesses with two columns at their front. Their shapes alternate rectangles and semi-circles. There is an apse (a large semi-circular recess covered with a semi-dome) opposite the entrance. Between the recesses and at the ends of the circle of the rotunda there are seven niches. The recesses and the niches are famed by square pilasters (relief decorations on a wall with the appearance of a column). The columns and pilasters support a continuous beam. The apse is flanked by engaged columns (columns which partly project from the surface of the wall). Here the beam follows the base of its semi-dome. The walls of the rotunda have a facing of different colour marbles.

The upper level of the rotunda has windows which belong to a ring corridor which served to lighten the load of the structure. The windows are framed by pilasters made of porphyry. This wall also had a facing of different colour marbles (now lost).

The Romans did not have newspapers. The first newspapers emerged in 17th century Europe, more than 1,000 years after the Romans.

The Romans had bulletin boards where government announcement were displayed. They were inscribed on bronze tablets and posted in public places. They were called acta diurna.

In ancient Roman times, dining habits varied depending on social status and individual circumstances. In more modest households, it was common for a small number of family members to sit around a dining table. However, in wealthier households, lavish banquets were held with numerous guests seated on couches or triclinia (three-sided dining couches) where several people could recline together and enjoy the meal.

Togas symbolize Roman citizenship and social status. They were worn by free-born male citizens in ancient Rome as a sign of their elite position in society. Togas were also associated with power and authority, often worn by politicians and senators.

The 244-year period of the monarchy was in the earliest part of Roman history (753-509 BC). It was followed by the 482-year period of the republic (509-27 BC) and the 506-year period of rule by emperors (27 BC-476 AD).

Yes, Rome, like many cities around the world, still has domestic staff and service industry workers who provide various services, including housekeeping, cooking, and other household tasks. However, the prevalence and nature of household staff may have changed compared to historical times.

The poor people in ancient Rome typically settled in neighborhoods or districts known as "insulae" on the outskirts of the city. These insulae were multi-story apartment buildings made of wood or brick. They were overcrowded and lacked basic amenities, leading to poor living conditions for the urban poor.

Pompeii is/was a very ancient Italian town founded by the Oscans, a group of people who lived in pre-Roman Italy. When Rome expanded into the southern area known as Canpania, it annexed Pompeii as part of its victory in the first Samnite war. This was sometime in the 4th century BC although it was not until 80 BC that Sulla ended all the troubles around Pompeii once and for all.

Cicero was one of ancient Rome's greatest orators and he studied the art of public speaking and rhetoric.

The story is folklore, and so we have no idea of the detail, or even if it rests on any facts. A town existed on the site 250 years earlier than the traditional founding date. Rome was 'founed' because it became a refuge destination for Latin peoples in the surrounding area who were in trouble in their own communities.

The first priority or his number one concern was to do all he could to insure his security. This was a concern of the first Roman emperor Augustus. He was the heir of the assassinated Julius Caesar. Unlike Caesar, Augustus had a number of personal body guards. He also had a garrison of troops called the Praetorian Guard garrisoned nearby to add to his and the governments security. Also, unlike Roman leaders of the past. the Roman military swore a personal oath to him and not the Roman Senate or to any other Roman institution.

The basic structure of the story remains the same. What differs are details.

There are two version of the parentage of the twins. In the most common one their father was the god Mars. In the other, a spark from the earth impregnated their mother.

The are several versions of the death of Remus. In one Romulus killed him. In others he was killed by Fabius, Romulus' commander, or by someone called celer. In another one he was not killed.

There are two accounts of Romulus' death. In one he went to the sky and became a god. In the other he was murdered at a meeting of the senate and each senator took a part of his dismembered body.

There is a woman, Hersilia, who in one tradition is given as Romulus' wife, and in another she is given as the wife of Hostus Hostilius, a military leader.

The legend of the twins is also connected to the legend of Aeneas, a hero of the Trojan war who landed in Latium (the land of the Latins) and founded the Latin city of Lavinium. His son funded the city of Alba Longa and its royal dynasty. Making Romulus and Remus the sons of the daughter, Rhea Silvia, of the deposed king of Alba Longa connects the 400-year gap between the dates of the Trojan war and the foundation of Rome. The Romans fancied themselves as descendants of the Trojans.

There are other foundation myths connected with Greek Heroes: Evander and Hercules.

The name of the professional fighters in Ancient Rome who engaged in public performances was "gladiators."

Cicero favored a mixed form of government known as a republic, where power is divided among different branches and representatives are elected by the people. He believed that this system allowed for the best balance of power and protected against tyranny and corruption.

Well... I'm not doing your homework for you. So you should probably look on a legitimate website instead of stooping so low that you would resort to asking this website, full of liars and jokers, to answering your question. I know this is answers.com but come on... really?

The twin brothers reached a compromise and decided to settle in a location that satisfied both of their preferences.