Biotechnology

Palindromic restriction enzyme sites are advantageous because they read the same on both strands of DNA, making them easier to identify and use for cutting DNA at specific sequences. This symmetrical nature ensures that the enzyme can cleave at a particular site regardless of the orientation of the DNA fragment.

I take it you're referring to the phenotype. Say a trait, like flower colour, is influenced by a single gene. The plant will possess two copies of the gene, one from each parent, but only one colour is expressed. Let's say that red is dominant and white is recessive. A plant containing 2 red alleles (homozygous for the dominant allele) will be red. A plant containing 2 copies of the white allele (Homozygous recessive) will be white and heterozygous plant, containing a single copy of both alleles will be red. There is no heterozygous recessive because the dominant allele will determine the phenotype.

Yeast will produce the most CO2 in the presence of glucose because it can readily and efficiently ferment glucose to produce CO2 and ethanol. Glucose is a simple sugar that can be easily broken down by the yeast for energy through fermentation. Sucrose and starch need to be broken down into glucose before yeast can ferment them, which can slow down the production of CO2.

Electrons enter an electrochemical cell through the anode. The anode is where oxidation occurs, leading to the release of electrons that flow through the external circuit to the cathode.

MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) proteins act as a fingerprint of the cell by presenting peptide fragments on the cell surface for immune system recognition. This enables the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self cells, helping to prevent an immune response against the body's own cells.

The nucleus within a cell contains DNA, which serves as the instruction manual for the cell. DNA carries the information that tells the cell what to do, such as when to divide, grow, or perform specific functions.

The answer is NO!

To me, it makes no sense, why we have to transfer etbr with DNA to a blotting membrane? When Southern blotting signals will be detected by means of Radiochemicals or fluro labelling why we have to think about EtBr?

The enzymes responsible for adding nucleotides to the exposed DNA bases during replication are DNA polymerases. These enzymes catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides in the growing DNA strand based on the complementary base-pairing rule. Multiple types of DNA polymerases work together during DNA replication to ensure accurate and efficient synthesis of the new DNA strands.

Yes, it is possible to isolate DNA from bone. This can be done by carefully removing a small sample of bone tissue, grinding it to a fine powder, and then using various methods to extract and purify the DNA for downstream analysis such as PCR or sequencing. Specialized kits and protocols are available for this purpose.

lactic acid fermentation helps make yogurt, cheese, and it also occurs in muscles which is why you may get that burning sensation in your legs while excersizing. Alcoholic fermentation makes wine and bread using yeast.

There is little or no similarity.

A radar is active (it radiates energy).

A telescope is passive (It relys on incoming energy)

The only thing I can think of, is that you point both towards an object and get some sort of information from it.

Iso amyl alcohol can be used as a substitute for phenol in DNA extraction procedures, especially for organic extraction methods. It helps in separating DNA from other cellular components. However, keep in mind that the effectiveness of iso amyl alcohol may vary depending on the specific protocol and sample type being used.

The rotating piece that holds the objective lens in a microscope is called the nosepiece. It allows for easy switching between different objective lenses to vary the magnification of the specimen being viewed.

Gene therapy using gametes is controversial because any changes made to the genetic material in gametes would be heritable, meaning they could be passed on to future generations. This raises ethical concerns about potential long-term effects, unintended consequences, and the concept of altering the germline and future human populations without their consent. Additionally, there are safety and efficacy issues that need to be considered when manipulating germline cells for therapeutic purposes.

Prodigiosin is a red pigment produced by some bacteria that is believed to have antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties. Studies have shown that prodigiosin can inhibit the growth of certain harmful microbes and potentially be used in medical applications.

Yes.

A protein produced by multiple genes are cased by fusion genes.

Usually a protein is translated from a mRNA which is transcribed from a DNA. After transcription, RNA is rearranged by so-called RNA splicing in which some of short sequences are selected(Exon) or deleted(Intron). During the splicing two different genes can join together and it is called trans-splicing.

After trans-splicing, mRNA is translated into a protein, so the protein has two genes. Most cases these fusion genes are oncogenes which cause Cancerous diseases.

Breathing...this helps in that the oxgyen produced by plants during the daylight is used by animals in respiration and the carbondoxide produced by the animals is used by the plants for photosynthesis....

yes,

you can evaporate your extract without using vacuum evaporator.

you simply put your liquid form extract in a half liter beaker and place it in hot water vessel (maintain temp. 40-45oC by using thermometer deep into extract) and then pass nitrogen gas over the beaker and stire properly till extraction process over.

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My great India.

Gregor Mendel is considered the "father of genetics" for his work on inheritance patterns in pea plants, which laid the foundation for modern biotechnology by providing a fundamental understanding of how traits are passed down from one generation to the next. His principles of genetic inheritance are used in biotechnology to develop genetically modified organisms, gene editing techniques, and other applications that benefit agriculture, medicine, and industry.

Isolation involves separating a specific target compound from a mixture, while purification involves removing impurities from a compound to obtain a pure substance. Isolation focuses on obtaining the target compound in its natural form, while purification aims to remove any contaminants or unwanted substances from the compound.

A plasmid is considered recombinant DNA when it contains DNA sequences from multiple sources that have been artificially joined together using molecular cloning techniques. This can include the insertion of a gene of interest into the plasmid for expression in a host organism, or the addition of regulatory elements to control gene expression.

One substance that could be examined for radioactivity to test a hypothesis is DNA. Radioactive labeling techniques can be used to track the movement and behavior of DNA within cells, providing insights into biological processes such as replication, transcription, and repair. By measuring the levels of radioactivity in DNA samples from plants or animals, researchers can investigate the impact of radiation exposure or study the kinetics of DNA metabolism.

mass and distance form an inverse relationship when related to gravity. The larger the mass(es) the greater the gravitational pull. The closer the distance, the greater the gravitational pull.

There are more species of ferns than club mosses, with over 10,000 species of ferns compared to around 1,200 species of club mosses. Ferns are a diverse group of vascular plants that have been around for millions of years and are found in a wide range of habitats worldwide. Club mosses, although also ancient plants, are a smaller group known for their small, spore-producing structures.

Biotechnology careers are much more than the stereotype of the scientist in the white lab coat, hunched over a series of smoking Bunson burners. Careers in biotechnology range from research and development, to marketing and sales of the products, to quality control, to manufacturing.

Biotechnology is an industry which is not affected very negatively by recession, as medicines are always needed by someone. The number of biotechnology companies is continually growing, as are the number of jobs in the field. To obtain a position in the world of biotechnology, you must first realize your own specialty. Are you an organizer? Could you help improve efficiency? Become a quality control expert. Are you good with people? Then your job may be in the marketing / sales department.