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Circumcision
Circumcision is the removal of the foreskin or prepuce from the penis. The majority of circumcisions are done on religious or cultural grounds, while some are done for health reasons.
1,024 Questions
Are mothers stressed when boys get circumcised?
THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS
Excerpts from Questioning Circumcision: A Jewish Perspective
by Ronald Goldman, Ph.D.
"I had profound doubts about my decision [to circumcise]. But because open discussion of Brit Milah seems to be discouraged in the Jewish community, I experienced my doubts privately and without comfort. . . . Thus, a rite intended to inspire feelings of Jewish unity evoked in me a sense of loss and alienation."
"If a woman is made to distrust her most basic instinct to protect her newborn child, what feelings can she ever trust?"
"My tiny son and I sobbed our hearts out. . . . After everything I'd worked for, carrying and nurturing Joseph in the womb, having him at home against no small odds, keeping him by my side constantly since birth, nursing him whenever he needed closeness and nourishment-the circumcision was a horrible violation of all I felt we shared. I cried for days afterward."
"I have never heard such screams. . . . Will I ever know what scars this brings to your soul? . . . What is that new look I see in your eyes? I can see pain, a certain sadness, and a loss of trust."
"I've never even talked about this before-I thought I was the only one who worried about it."
"I heard him cry during the time they were circumcising him. The thing that is most disturbing to me is that I can still hear his cry. . . . It was an assault on him, and on some level it was an assault on me. . . . I will go to my grave hearing that horrible wail."
"The screams of my baby remain embedded in my bones and haunt my mind. . . . His cry sounded like he was being butchered. I lost my milk."
"I knew that this was a terrible mistake and that it was something that no one, especially newborn babies, should ever have to endure."
CIRCUMCISION IS A WOMEN'S ISSUE
• The maternal instincts and experiences of women uniquely qualify them for the important responsibility of caring for infants and protecting them from pain and harm.
• Research demonstrates that women are generally more sensitive than men to the needs and feelings of infants, and newborn infants recognize, prefer, and are more responsive to their mothers
• Generally, because they are not themselves circumcised, females are not subject to the personal psychological motivations of circumcised men to perpetuate the practice (e.g., "I want him to look like me").
• According to a recent study, circumcision can adversely affect female sexual enjoyment.
• Any adverse psychological consequences of circumcision on males may adversely affect male-female relationships.4
• Because of the prevalence of circumcision in the United States, some potential adverse psychological effects of circumcision on males (known/unknown) may have indirect adverse social effects on women.
• Mothers sign the majority of hospital circumcision consent forms.
Why are some people obsessed with panties?
There are many possibilities here. It could be because they find that panties are awesome. They could have a fetish for panties. Panties might represent something forbidden to them, and we all tend to crave what we can't have or what we think is taboo.
For some, lingerie may represent something in their childhood. Some sexologists believe that there are sensually charged times in early childhood, and if a child, particularly a boy (because of a possibly larger preoptic area in the brain), were to see or experience certain things during those moments, the sights and experiences tend to stick to the child's psyche. Those moments may be forgotten. Then puberty occurs and the increasing hormones and emerging interest in sexuality wakens these moments, even if the person doesn't remember the initial events or makes a connection. Even if they do make a connection, that doesn't give then any more power to resist their impulses.
Where can you go to get circumcised in Miami?
If you don't have a doctor of your own, just phone a Miami hospital and they can give you some leads. Interview the doctor and don't be afraid to ask questions. If you want a Jewish ceremonial circumcision, look for or ask about a "mohel."
When is the right time to circumcise?
The eighth day of the boy's life (Genesis ch.17), if he is healthy enough.
Answer 2:There is no right time for the cutting of any childs genitals. The human body is the product of many many years of evolution and is equiped at bith with a prepuce that is stul fised to the Glans penis, The freskin protects the Glans penis from all kinds of harm as it does in the case of all mamals. No blood sacrifice is timely and the damaging of a child by a minor religion is certainly no guide. Go to the related link below (Circumcision: A Source of Jewish Pain byRonald Goldman) for a cleaser idea on this subject. Rebuttal:No one claims that Judaism is a minor religion. It is the seed for Christianity and has influenced Islam as well as the Western world.Circumcision is accepted by hundreds of millions of modern Americans, not only Jews and Muslims.
Answer 3:Answer 2 is non-traditional. Circumcision of male babies is a fundamental part of Judaism which has been kept, unchanged, for over 3700 years in keeping with God's explicit command to Abraham. Jews have sacrificed their life in times of persecution, in order to avoid abandoning this command. Tens of thousands of grown men, Jews who emigrated from the former Soviet Union, have askedto be circumcised. This is one of the few Torah-commands which even completely non-religious Jews make sure to keep.The right time is as stated in Answer 1.
As an operation, circumcision has an extremely small complication rate. A study in the New England Journal of Medicine (1990) reported a complication rate of 0.19 percent when circumcision is performed by a physician. When performed by a Jewish mohel, the rate falls to about 1 in 1000. When a complication occurs, it is usually excessive bleeding, which is easily correctable. No other surgical procedure can boast such figures for complication-free operations.
One reason why there are so few complications involving bleeding may be that the major clotting agents, prothrombin and vitamin K, do not reach peak levels in the blood until the eighth day of life. Prothrombin levels are normal at birth, drop to very low levels in the next few days, and return to normal at the end of the first week. One study showed that by the eighth day, prothrombin levels reach 110 percent of normal. In the words of Dr. Armand J. Quick, author of several works on the control of bleeding, "It hardly seems accidental that the rite of circumcision was postponed until the eighth day by the Mosaic law."
Circumcision has been known to offer virtually complete protection from penile cancer. According to a recent review article in the New England Journal of Medicine, none of the over 1,600 persons studied with this cancer had been circumcised in infancy. In the words of researchers Cochen and McCurdy, the incidence of penile cancer in the U.S. is "essentially zero" among circumcised men.
Also, research at Johns Hopkins University Medical School in Baltimore have shown that circumcised men are six to eight times less likely to become infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Researchers believe that protection is due to the removal of the foreskin, which contains cells that have HIV receptors which scientists suspect are the primary entry point for the HIV virus. (Reuters, March 25, 2004)
Several studies reported that circumcised boys were between 10-to-39 times less likely to develop urinary tract infections during infancy than uncircumcised boys. In addition, circumcision protects against bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections and a variety of other conditions related to hygiene. During the trench warfare of World War 1, American physicians noticed that uncircumcised solders were getting infections while Jews were not. As a result, doctors circumcised American solders.
The extremely low rate of cervical cancer in Jewish women (9-to-22 times less than among non-Jewish women) is thought to be related to the practice of circumcision.
As a result of studies like these, a number of prestigious medical organizations have recognized the benefits of circumcision, and the California Medical Association has endorsed circumcision as an "effective public health measure."
Still, it must be borne in mind that Jews circumcise because of God's command. The above health considerations are merely side-benefits.
How much does it cost for a twenty two year old to be circumcised?
Circumcision is generally not covered by health insurance or national health services unless it is to treat a medical condition, such a circumcision. Circumcision of an adult male should generally cost around $500 US Dollars.
You must undergo specialized training in BOTH surgery and Jewish law. You also need to be licensed and certified.
What is the name of a coming out party for a Jewish baby boy?
Jewish boys undergo a "bris" or "brit" (circumcision) when they're 8 days old.
What happened to Jewish boys when they became eight days old?
Answer 1
many are genitally mutilated in a ceremony known as Brit mil-ah with the removal of the prepuce from their penis.
Answer 2
Jewish boys undergo ritual circumcision, which involves the removal of the foreskin from the penis. The ritual circumcision and the ceremony surrounding it are called Brit Milah.
Answer 3
(continuation of Answer 2)
Jewish boys are circumcised in a ceremony dating back 3800 years. The origin of Jewish circumcision is in the Torah. God told Abraham "every male among you shall be circumcised" (Gen. 17) as part of the covenant between God and the Jewish people.
Since that time, virtually all Jews have observed the command of circumcision (Genesis ch.17) for close to four millennia, even in times of religious persecution under the Greeks, Romans, Spaniards, Soviets and others. Circumcision is the indelible sign of God's covenant with Abraham and is just as important as Yom Kippur in terms of the stringency which the Torah places upon it. And similar to Yom Kippur, it is one of the observances which are common to Orthodox, Conservative and Reform Jews alike.
While we do not keep God's commands because of physical benefits, it is still interesting to note that:
Circumcision has been known to offer virtually complete protection from penile cancer. According to a recent review article in the New England Journal of Medicine, none of the over 1,600 persons studied with this cancer had been circumcised in infancy. In the words of researchers Cochen and McCurdy, the incidence of penile cancer in the U.S. is "essentially zero" among circumcised men.
Also, research at Johns Hopkins University Medical School in Baltimore have shown that circumcised men are six to eight times less likely to become infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Researchers believe that protection is due to the removal of the foreskin, which contains cells that have HIV receptors which scientists suspect are the primary entry point for the HIV virus. (Reuters, March 25, 2004)
Several studies reported that circumcised boys were between 10-to-39 times less likely to develop urinary tract infections during infancy than uncircumcised boys. In addition, circumcision protects against bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections and a variety of other conditions related to hygiene. The extremely low rate of cervical cancer in Jewish women (9-to-22 times less than among non-Jewish women) is thought to be related to the practice of circumcision.
As a result of studies like these, a number of prestigious medical organizations such as the California Medical Association have recognized the benefits of circumcision.
As an operation, circumcision has an extremely small complication rate. A study in the New England Journal of Medicine (1990) reported a complication rate of 0.19 percent when circumcision is performed by a physician. When performed by a trained mohel, the rate falls to 0.13 percent or about 1 in 800. When a complication occurs, it is usually due to the bleeding, which is easily correctable. No other surgical procedure can boast such figures for complication-free operations.
One reason why there are so few complications involving bleeding may be that the major clotting agents, prothrombin and vitamin K, do not reach peak levels in the blood until the eighth day of life. Prothrombin levels are normal at birth, drop to very low levels in the next few days, and return to normal at the end of the first week. One study showed that by the eighth day, prothrombin levels reach 110 percent of normal. In the words of Dr. Armand J. Quick, author of several works on the control of bleeding, "It hardly seems accidental that the rite of circumcision was postponed until the eighth day by the Mosaic law."
It means that the man is worried about the possibility that his future wife might not like foreskins and he's concerned about BOTH their health and well-being.
Why external magnets are used during pipeline MFL tool run?
We use them as an alignment point of reference in the 3 and 9 o'clock position to provide a hard identifying feature where no existing ones, such as valves or taps, are present to maintain a high degree of accuracy from the IMU. The IMU is capable of producing sub-centimeter GPS coordinates for any point on the pipeline as long as it's data can be aligned to features located by the MFL that have known and highly accurate GPS coordinates. When the MFL tool with the IMU passes the magnets, it recognizes the "artifical" anomaly which we have placed on the pipeline. We then align those points from the ILI data to our GIS for accurate location data.
Is circumcision expensive in some countries?
I think it is because there are numerous questions in this category and they are all about the cost. In Namibia Circumcision is free of charge in public hospitals.
Circumcision is an unnecessary procedure that serves no good purpose it is a religious rite or a cultural practice. the cost of the procedure usually depends on the standards of the treatment given and o the attitude of insurance provider in a given country. in many countries where circumcision is seen as a religious form of male genital mutilation there is increasing nervousness on the part of insurance providers to involve themselves besides the ethical questions. This leads to a reduction in medical personnel wanting to involve themselves in it and a corresponding increase in price.
What is no longer necessarily true about circumcision?
Circumcision was originally a cultural and religious form of genital mutilation. On the say so of the Mid 1800ds medical fraternity of England this procedure was recommended for health reasons, the reasoning was that more then a hundred different diseases ranging from syphilis to insanity were caused by masturbation. The whole English speaking world fell for it. the custom has persisted to some degree especially in the USA where there is strong marketing behind it. Today however all medical authority's proclaim that there is no therapeutic benefit to health in routine circumcision and that in fact the procedure is harmful if anything. Les then 20% OF THE MEN OF THE WORLD HAVE BEEN CIRCUMCISED and most of these mutilations were done in the name of religion and culture.
there is no good reason for this custom which would explain that only organisations that have a financial or religious conflict of interest in the matter promote it. In the mean time the layman that has been mutilated in this way is more likely to promote it as part of the trauma that accompany it.
Different people have different ideas about circumcision. I can honestly tell you that it's healthier than NOT being circumcised.
Circumcision is not covered by health insurance as it is not a medically necessary procedure so you will have to pay for the full cost yourself out of pocket. Circumcision with general anesthesia, which is required for the circumcision of a six month old, should cost between $2000 and $3000. This includes the doctor performing the procedure and the anesthesiologist. Circumcision of adults is less expensive, as only local anesthesia can be used. Circumcision has no known medical benefit, and most doctors recommend against routine infant circumcision. Circumcision, like all surgeries, has risks of adverse medical events including surgical error, prolonged bleeding, infection, and pain. A permanent decrease in penile sensitivity and sexual pleasure is also common since circumcision removes the foreskin, which protects the sensitive glans (head) of the penis. Circumcision is extremely rare in the world outside the United States, and even within the United States, the circumcision rate has dropped by more than half. In 1980 over 80% of newborns in the United States were circumcised while in 2007 less than 40% of infants were circumcised.
What are problems that occur after circumcision?
The "recorded" complication rate of circumcisions is extremely low due to most problems not being noticed till sexual maturity. The main initial "problem" afterward is pain and scarring at the site of the incision.
How Does Circumcision Harm?The "medical" debate about the "potential health benefits" of circumcision rarely addresses its real effects.
Circumcision denudes: Depending on the amount of skit cut off, circumcision robs a male of as much as 80 percent or more of his penile skin. Depending on the foreskin's length, cutting it off makes the penis as much as 25 percent or more shorter. Careful anatomical investigations have shown that circumcision cuts off more than 3 feet of veins, arteries, and capillaries, 240 feet of nerves, and more than 20,000 nerve endings.The foreskin's muscles, glands, mucous membrane, and epithelial tissue are destroyed, as well.
Circumcision desensitizes: Circumcision desensitizes the penis radically. Foreskin amputation means severing the rich nerve network and all the nerve receptors in the foreskin itself Circumcision almost always damages or destroys the frenulum. The loss of the protective foreskin desensitizes the glans. Because the membrane covering the permanently externalized glans is now subjected to constant abrasion and irritation, it keratinizes, becoming dry and tough. The nerve endings in the glans, which in the intact penis are just beneath the surface of the mucous membrane, are now buried by successive layers of keratinization. The denuded glans takes on a dull, grayish, sclerotic appearance.
Circumcision disables: The amputation of so much penile skin permanently immobilizes whatever skin remains, preventing it from gliding freely over the shaft and glans. This loss of mobility destroys the mechanism by which the glans is normally stimulated. When the circumcised penis becomes erect, the immobilized remaining skin is stretched, sometimes so tightly that not enough skin is left to cover the erect shaft. Hair-bearing skin from the groin and scrotum is often pulled onto the shaft, where hair is not normally found. The surgically externalized mucous membrane of the glans has no sebaceous glands. Without the protection and emollients of the foreskin, it dries out, making it susceptible to cracking and bleeding.
Circumcision disfigures: Circumcision alters the appearance of the penis drastically. It permanently externalizes the glans, normally an internal organ. Circumcision leaves a large circumferential surgical scar on the penile shaft. Because circumcision usually necessitates tearing the foreskin from the glans, pieces of the glans may be torn off, too, leaving it pitted and scarred. Shreds of foreskin may adhere to the raw glans, forming tags and bridges of dangling, displaced skin.
Depending on the amount of skin cut off and how the scar forms, the circumcised penis may be permanently twisted, or curve or bow during erection.[33] The contraction of the scar tissue may pull the shaft into the abdomen, in effect shortening the penis or burying it completely.[34]
Circumcision disrupts circulation: Circumcision interrupts the normal circulation of blood throughout the penile skin system and glans. The blood flowing into major penile arteries is obstructed by the line of scar tissue at the point of incision, creating backflow instead of feeding the branches and capillary networks beyond the scar. Deprived of blood, the meatus may contract and scarify, obstructing the flow of urine. This condition, known as meatal stenosis, often requires corrective surgery. Meatal stenosis is found almost exclusively among boys who have been circumcised.
Circumcision also severs the lymph vessels, interrupting the circulation of lymph and sometimes causing lymphedema, a painful, disfiguring condition in which the remaining skin of the penis swells with trapped lymph fluid.
* Circumcision harms the developing brain: Recent studies published in leading medical journals have reported that circumcision has longlasting detrimental effects on the developing brain, adversely altering the brain's perception centers. Circumcised boys have a lower pain threshold than girls or intact boys. Developmental neuropsychologist Dr. James Prescott suggests that circumcision can cause deeper and more disturbing levels of neurological damage, as well.
* Circumcision is unhygienic and unhealthy: One of the most common myths about circumcision is that it makes the penis cleaner and easier to take care of. This is not true. Eyes without eyelids would not be cleaner; neither would a penis without its foreskin. The artificially externalized glans and meatus of the circumcised penis are constantly exposed to abrasion and dirt, making the circumcised penis, in fact, more unclean. The loss of the protective foreskin leaves the urinary tract vulnerable to invasion by bacterial and viral pathogens.
The circumcision wound is larger than most people imagine. It is not just the circular point of union between the outer and inner layers of the remaining skin. Before a baby is circumcised, his foreskin must be torn from his glans, literally skinning it alive. This creates a large open area of raw, bleeding flesh, covered at best with a layer of undeveloped protomucosa. Germs can easily enter the damaged tissue and bloodstream through the raw glans and, even more easily, through the incision itself.
Even after the wound has healed, the externalized glans and meatus are still forced into constant unnatural contact with urine, feces, chemically treated diapers, and other contaminants.
Female partners of circumcised men do not report a lower rate of cervical cancer, nor does circumcision prevent penile cancer.[41] A recent study shows that the penile cancer rate is higher in the US than in Denmark, where circumcision, except among Middle Eastern immigrant workers, is almost unheard of. Indeed, researchers should investigate the possibility that circumcision has actually increased the rate of these diseases.
Circumcision does not prevent acquisition or transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In fact, the US has both the highest percentage of sexually active circumcised males in the Western world and the highest rates of sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS. Rigorously controlled prospective studies show that circumcised American men are at a greater risk for bacterial and viral STDs, especially gonorrhea, nongonoccal urethritis, human papilloma virus, herpes simplex virus type 2, and chlamydia.
Circumcision is always risky: Circumcision always carries the risk of serious, even tragic, consequences. Its surgical complication rate is one in 500. These complications include uncontrollable bleeding and fatal infections.[49] There are many published case reports of gangrene following circumcision. Pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococcus, proteus, pseudomonas, other coliforms, and even tuberculosis can cause infections leading to death. These organisms enter the wound because it provides easy entry, not because the child is predisposed to infection.
Medical journals have published numerous accounts of babies who have had part or all of their glans cut off while they were being circumcised.[53 54 55] Other fully conscious, unanesthetized babies have had their entire penis burned off with an electrocautery gun. The September 1989 Journal of Urology published an account of four such cases. The article described the sex-change operation as "feminizing genitoplasty," performed on these babies in an attempt to change them into girls. The March 1997 Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine described one young person's horror on learning that "she" had been born a normal male, but that a circumciser had burned his penis off when he was a baby. Many other similar cases have been documented Infant circumcision has a reported death rate of one in 500,000.
Circumcision harms mothers: Scientific studies have consistently shown that circumcision disrupts a child's behavioral development. Studies performed at the University of Colorado School of Medicine showed that circumcision is followed by prolonged, unrestful non-REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. In response to the lengthy bombardment of their neural pathways with unbearable pain, the circumcised babies withdrew into a kind of semicoma that lasted days or even weeks.
Numerous other studies have proven that circumcision disrupts the mother-infant bond during the crucial period after birth. Research has also shown that circumcision disrupts feeding patterns. In a study at the Washington University School of Medicine, most babies would not nurse right after they were circumcised, and those who did would not look into their mothers' eyes.[66]
Circumcision violates patients' and human rights: No one has the right to cut off any part of someone else's genitals without that person's competent, fully informed consent. Since it is the infant who must bear the consequences, circumcision violates his legal rights both to refuse treatment and to seek alternative treatment. In 1995, the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Bioethics stated that only a competent patient can give patient consent or informed consent. An infant is obviously too young to consent to anything. He must be protected from anyone who would take advantage of his defenselessness. The concept of informed parental permission allows for medical interventions in situations of clear and immediate medical necessity only, such as disease, trauma, or deformity. The human penis in its normal, uncircumcised state satisfies none of these requirements.
Physicians have a duty to refuse to perform circumcision. They also must educate parents who, out of ignorance or misguidance, request this surgery for their sons. The healthcare professional's obligation is to protect the interests of the child. It is unethical in the extreme to force upon a child an amputation he almost certainly would never have chosen for himself.
Common SenseTo be intact, as nature intended, is best. The vast majority of males who are given the choice value their wholeness and keep their foreskins, for the same reason they keep their other organs of perception. Parents in Europe and non-Muslim Asia never have forced their boys to be circumcised. It would no more occur to them to cut off part of their boys' penises than it would to cut off part of their ears. Respecting a child's right to keep his genitals intact is normal and natural. It is conservative in the best sense of the word.
A circumcised father who has mixed feelings about his intact newborn son may require gentle, compassionate psychological counseling to help him come to terms with his loss and to overcome his anxieties about normal male genitalia. In such cases, the mother should steadfastly protect her child, inviting her husband to share this protective role and helping him diffuse his negative feelings. Most parents want what is best for their baby. Wise parents listen to their hearts and trust their instinct to protect their baby from harm. The experience of the ages has shown that babies thrive best in a trusting atmosphere of love, gentleness, respect, acceptance, nurturing, and intimacy. Cutting off a baby's foreskin shatters this trust.
Circumcision wounds and harms the baby and the person the baby will become. Parents who respect their son's wholeness are bequeathing to him his birthright--his body, perfect and beautiful in its entirety.
Paul M. Fleiss, MD, MPH, is assistant clinical professor of pediatrics at the University of Southern California Medical Center. He is the author of numerous scientific articles published in leading national and international medical journals.
