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Cold and Flu

Questions and answers about the "Common Cold"; symptoms in the upper respiratory tract like sneezing, scratchy throat, and runny nose, but adults don't typically have fevers. Colds are usually caused by the rhinovirus (up to 40% of colds), or Coronaviruses (about 20%), but there are more than 200 viruses that can cause the common cold. Also questions about the seasonal flu, also called "regular flu", caused mostly by Type A and Type B Influenza viruses. Flu starts with similar symptoms as a cold only it hits faster and harder and usually includes fever in adults. Although the "stomach flu" is a common term, it is not a real diagnosis. The proper medical term for stomach flu is gastroenteritis (an intestinal disease, sometimes viral but also bacterial), it is often mistaken for influenza because the flu can sometimes include vomiting and diarrhea.

4,331 Questions

Why do doctors want more kids to get the flu vaccine?

Because when you get a certain type of flu shot i helps your body recognize it in a small dose so your antibodies are able to fight off the virus thus leaving your immune system strong against that certain type of flu, but if you don't get flu shots you risk your immune system to weaken and your white blood cell count lowers in which case you get sick and depending on the virus you can also die.

Very sore throat and a small red bump in the back of your throat what could it be?

the bump could be caused by infection or friction from lack of bile. This is associated with cold/flu like symptoms as the cilia hair is restricted, letting bacteria into the throat and causing a rash or bump.

How does exposing different body parts to cold effect your heart rate?

by exposing the body parts to the cold, you activate peripheral thermoreceptors (which are just little groups of cells in the skin and near the abdominal vessels and viscera that can detect temperature changes). These communicate with the anterior preoptic area of the hypothalamus which then communicated with the posterior hypothalamus. This, then bring about changes in the body to combat the temperature change. Now, exposing to cold will cause a change in blood flow; because one of the main mechanisms of losing heat is through the skin (conduction/convection/radiation into the air). THerefore, the brain will redirect blood away from the skin, and cause the vessels in the skin to constrict, reducing blood flow. WHen you reduce the peripheral blood flow, you increase central blood flow and this causes an increase in central blood pressure. The blood pressure receptors then come in action and detect high BP and respond by decreasing the heart rate in attempting to lowe blood pressure.

What would you take for a flu with high fever?

Soak garlic cloves in twice as much cider vinegar overnight. Then have a tablespoon in warm water three times a day. Don't drink it neat. Garlic is anti-viral, cider vinegar draws out these qualities from the garlic.

How much flem do you cough up to when a person has emphysema?

A person with emphysema would cough up to about 2 cups of phlegm per day. That would mean in 8 days, they would cough up a gallon of phlegm. Drink up!

What are the flu symptoms like in a dog?

Canine influenza has many of the same symptoms in dogs as influenza does in humans: sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, a cough, muscle and joint aches (usually seen as a decrease in energy and more laying around/sleeping), and a fever.

Also like in humans, the vast majority of dogs will recover on their own given a warm place to sleep and good quality food and water.

How can you enhance cold and flu symptoms and make them worse?

Well, obviously freezing your booty off isn't going to help you feel better. :o) Not taking medicine isn't either. Nor is not wearing enough clothing to keep yourself warm.

When will you contract swine flu once exposed?

Influenza generally has an incubation of 24 - 72 hours after exposure. Expect symptoms to present within that time frame.

When and how do bird flu happen?

Bird Flu didn't happen... it's been here all the time...

How can bird flu be cured?

The mild symptoms are treated like other types of influenza with over-the-counter drugs. Mild symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. More severe cases involve severe pneumonia requiring hospital care.

Preliminary studies indicate that it is susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitor anti-viral medications (Oseltamivir, aka Tamiflu, and Zanamivir,
aka Relenza). But the investigation is still in the very early stages in early April 2013.

There is no vaccine to prevent the viral infection but the Chinese Government, World Health Organization (WHO) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are all working to isolate a candidate virus strain to use to grow and develop a vaccine if one is needed.

Are chicken eggs carrying the Swine Flu?

Birds can catch H1N1/09 swine flu. However, if you mean can you get swine flu from eating chicken, then the answer is no. Normal cooking temperatures deactivate virus particles and they can not infect you after reaching those temperatures.

Can you catch a cold due to weather?

No. Drastic changes in weather conditions can wreak havoc on one's immune system only if the exposure causes hypothermia (by the medical definition of severely reduced core body temperature), not just feeling cold.

You catch a cold by being exposed to someone who already has a cold and sneezes or coughs near you, or shakes your hand, or from your touching them or objects they have touched, or any method of transferring the viruses from their body to yours. See the related question below about how colds are spread.

What are the complications of influenza?

Respiratory failure, which is often due to secondary pneumonia caused by either viral or bacterial pathogens. This condition usually requires invasive mechanical ventilation (a "vent") for them to continue to breathe.

What does the 1 represent in H1N1?

It's the initials of two sugar proteins (their scientific names are hemagglutinin and neuramidinase) that sit on the surface of the virus and do its dirty work. There are 16 types of the H protein, numbered H1 through H16, and 9 types of the N protein, numbered N1 through N9. That makes 144 possible combinations of the virus, a constantly changing challenge for prevention or treatment. A new combination, H2N2, cause a brief swine flu epidemic in 1957. An H3N2 strain was the source of another epidemic in 1968. The bird flu virus that began in Southeast Asia a decade ago and has spread throughout the Old World is an H5N1 combination.

Does my dad have the flu?

Calm down, its just a flu i highly recommend to put hot sauce in his soup. Its not a joke. Put cloths that have been dipped in alcohol and put it on his forehead and stomach. (cloth should not be damp). Drink a lot of cranberry juice. Have him take some medicine. If this doesnt work wait a few hours and take get him medical help.

How does your body eventually get rid of the viruses that cause a cold or flu?

With an immune response.

When particles of a virus enter our body and are identified by the immune system as foreign "invaders", our bodies use the invaders, which are also called antigens/antibody generators, as a template to create matching antibodies. Antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) are sort of like a lock and key system that, when matched perfectly with the antigens, can "lock" or neutralize the antigens so they can no longer enter or damage our cells. To neutralize each different strain of organism, the antibodies must have the right pattern to match the characteristics of each antigen. A match will allow the antibodies and immune response to make a "lock" to fit those viruses. Our body remembers each new virus pattern that has caused an immune response in the past (either from getting an infection or from vaccinations), so that it can make those matching cells to protect us from that same specific flu strain (or strains that are very similar) in case it ever enters the body again in the future.

Our body has the ability to determine when a virus has invaded and, if it has a match to that strain of virus stored from a prior invasion, the immune response is generated and the immune system quickly makes up a lot of those attack cells (antibodies), that the body made and that worked in the past to destroy/neutralize the invading virus particles. If it is a new invading virus, usually our body can make cells that can match just right in a week to ten days. (It can sometimes do this even more quickly for bacteria and other microbes.)

It is during this time period, when our body is matching and making the attack cells to "kill" the invader, that we feel sick until our body finds the key pattern of cells that will match and lock that specific virus. Our immune system wastes no time in locking up the invading organism, because it knows already what antibodies will work. That is why, once we have had a flu virus like Swine Flu before, we won't get sick from it again. Our body will already know what cells to make and will send them out to destroy the invader even before it can make us feel sick.

Does taking antibiotics 2 days after getting flu shot cancel the vaccination?

No, it would not interfere in the development of immunity from the vaccination. Flu vaccinations are used to protect you from the flu which is caused by a virus. Antibiotics are used to kill bacteria that are already infecting you. Antibiotics do not do anything to viruses and a viral vaccination won't work for bacterial infections either. The germs are different and so the medications are too.

Can babies catch colds and is it dangerous?

Influenza, more commonly known as the flu is lethal to babies unless protected from contact. The reason is that under 1 year of age they will have little or no immune system with which to fight off the attack.

What are some advantages of preventing rather than treating infectious diseases?

SO YOU DONT GET SICK!!!! If "Lucky" enough you can get a terrible disease and it could kill you, like cancer!

What does it mean if you get a flu shot?

It's sharp angled tip enters your body through the skin and subcutaneous tissue so the vaccine can be delivered into your muscle tissue and begin its work. That type of vaccine needs to be in the muscle. Unlike a sewing needle, the needle is a hollow "tube" with a sharp tip, the vaccine is pushed, using the plunger in the syringe, by the person giving you the shot through the needle and out the tip leaving the small amount of vaccine there so you can get an immune response.

Can you take multivitamins when sick with flu or cold?

Yes, they're not only Ok, they're recommended. Your immune system is utilizing every resource it can to fight an infection, so supplying it and the rest of your body with the proper vitamins is an important thing to do.

Can a cold last longer than maximum two weeks?

Colds have no fixed expiry date. People do not always mount a successful immune response, and some types of rhino-viruses are more virulent than others. So yes, colds can last longer than two weeks.