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Computer Memory

The computer memory is a physical device used to store data or programs for use in a computer. Some types of computer memory include RAM (random access memory), ROM (read-only memory), and page cache.

4,434 Questions

How many bytes do you have?

That depends. Given that the average hard drive is 500 GB, you have approximately 536,870,912,000 bytes of storage on your computer. This diesn't include the amount of space taken by your OS or other necessary program files.

1024 bytes equals 1 KB

1024 KB equals 1 MB

1024 MB equals 1 GB

1024 GB equals 1 TB

Why is the principle of locality crucial to the use of virtual memory?

Because of two things:

ü Program and data references within a process tend to cluster à only a few pieces of a process will be needed over a short period of time.

ü It is possible to make intelligent guesses about which pieces will be needed in the future, which avoids thrashing.

What are the steps required to install a BIOS update?

Here's how to make sure your BIOS update goes without a hitch.

Step 1: Identify your current BIOS version.

The easiest way to find your BIOS version is to open up the System Information app in Windows--just type msinfo32 into the search bar (for Windows 7/Vista) or the Run box (XP), and click System Summary; your BIOS version should now show up on the right under your processor speed. Record your version number (and the date that appears afterwards, if applicable).

Step 2: Check your PC/motherboard manufacturer's Website for BIOS updates.

Most PC manufacturers handle BIOS updates based on your specific line and model, so head over to your manufacturer's support page and check its listings for your PC, because if you download and install a BIOS intended for a different model, your PC probably won't work (although most BIOS updaters are smart enough to notice if you try to install them on the wrong hardware). If there is a BIOS update file available, grab it--along with any documentation it comes with, because often warnings and specific instructions are contained in the Read Me docs.

Those of you who assembled your PC yourself will need to look for BIOS updates from your motherboard manufacturer's Website. If you don't remember your motherboard's model number, you can look it up without opening up the case by downloading and running CPU-Z and clicking on the Mainboard tab.

Step 3: Read the included documentation.

[Click to enlarge] A BIOS screen--click for full-size image.Your PC's BIOS handles a lot of the nuts and bolts.The BIOS updater's Read Me file will most likely include a list of fixes and new functions, often to support new hardware. Updating the BIOS for my Lenovo Thinkpad T500, for example, added support for a new AC adapter and a 1600-by-900-pixel screen resolution on an external monitor; the update also fixed fan speed and Webcam issues that could not have been handled by updating Windows or my specific device driver software.

More important, however, were these notes in the Read Me file: If I was running Vista on my T500, I'd need to make sure that I had a certain patch installed; and if my T500 had a certain graphics card, I would need to update its drivers above a certain version before updating my BIOS. Read and reread your docs, or you might make your PC unable to boot without even knowing why.

Step 4: Update your BIOS.

Most newer PCs have a fairly easy BIOS update procedure: Just download the .exe file from your PC manufacturer's Website, quit all open programs, run the .exe, and let it handle the patch; then reboot. If your PC suddenly shuts down in the middle of the BIOS update, you won't be able to boot up, so make sure you're not running off a laptop battery. Ideally, you're plugged into an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), especially if you're in an area prone to blackouts.

What makes a memory module a SIMM or a DIMM?

A DIMM is a dual inline memory module and gets its name due to the fact that the pins on either side of the module operate independently. SIMMs are single inline memory modules whose pins operate together. DIMMs are larger than SIMMs and are what are commonly used in computers today.

Where can a virtual drive be purchased?

One can purchase a virtual drive through the Far Stone website as well as the Virtual Drive online store. One can also download a free trial through CNET.

What is logical and physical server?

Physical servers (also referred to as boxes) are represented by physically or virtually separate computers with their own operating systems (Linux, FreeBSD Unix, or Windows).

What comes after a pedibyte?

bit byte Kilobyte MegabyteGigabyte

bit 1 8 8,192 8,388,608 8,589,934,592

byte 8 1 1,024 1,048,576 1,073,741,824

Kilobyte 8,192 1,024 1 1,024 1,048,576

Megabyte 8,388,608 1,048,576 1,024 1 1,024

Gigabyte 8,589,934,592 1,073,741,824 1,048,576 1,024 1

Terabyte 8,796,093,022,208 1,099,511,627,776 1,073,741,824 1,048,576 1,024

Petabyte 9,007,199,254,740,990 1,125,899,906,842,620 1,099,511,627,776 1,073,741,824 1,048,576

Exabyte 9,223,372,036,854,780,000 1,152,921,504,606,850,000 1,125,899,906,842,620 1,099,511,627,776 1,073,741,824

Zettabyte 9,444,732,965,739,290,000,000 1,180,591,620,717,410,000,000 1,152,921,504,606,850,000 1,125,899,906,842,620 1,099,511,627,776

Why does increasing memory do more to improve system performance than simply increasing the speed of single processor?

Well, it doesn't... always.

If you don't have enough system memory (Ram) your computer is forced to waste time swapping data to and from the HDD to load it into and out of ram as needed. This is really really really bad. HDDs, even SSDs are quite slow by computer standards. If you're in this situation and you add enough ram to stop it you will see a very dramatic performance increase.

That being said, if you already have enough ram for your uses, you won't notice much of a difference if you add more. In this case a CPU upgrade or speed increase (overclocking) would be more noticeable. It is important to note that in most situations, a CPU overclock will yield significantly better performance improvements than a ram overclock. and sometimes its could just be the computer. if none of this works try getting a NEW computer

How much is the ram in the thicket worth?

£1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

What is required by Dynamic RAM DRAM to retain its contents?

DRAM requires continuous electrical power to retain its contents. If the power is interrupted even for a fraction of a second, the memory is wiped.

Difference between MS-DOS and Window XP Memory Management?

DOS Memory Management: Under MS-DOS, device driver and TSR modules can take up large amounts of conventional memory. A memory manager can move some of these into upper memory blocks or the High Memory Area, freeing up conventional&memory and creating a larger TPA. Memory managers also control access to extended memory, allowing it to be accessed via XMS, or as expanded memory via EMS. Popular DOS memory mangers include EMM386 and QEMM.

Windows Memory Management: Memory management in Microsoft Windows operating systems has evolved into a rich and sophisticated architecture, capable of scaling from the tiny embedded platforms (where Windows executes from ROM) all the way up to the multi-terabyte NUMA configurations, taking full advantage of all capabilities of existing and future hardware designs. With each release of Windows, memory management supports many new features and capabilities. Advances in algorithms and techniques yield a rich and sophisticated code base, which is maintained as a single code base for all platforms and SKUs. Memory management improvements in Windows Vista focused on areas such as dynamic system address space, enhanced NUMA and large system/page support, advanced video model support, I/O and section access, and robustness and diagnosability.

How many WORDS IS 1KB equals to?

Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that affects the brain's normal development, particularly one's social and communication skills, it is characterized by restrictive and repetitive behavior. Today research from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identify that one in eighty-eight children have been diagnosed with the disorder and it is reported to occur in all races, ethnicities, and socioeconomic classes. According to Autism Speaks, about one third to one half of the autistic population do not develop enough natural speech to meet their daily communication needs, and one forth of these children are nonverbal. Even those who do develop speech still misuse and misunderstand language. It is reported that almost everyone diagnosed with autism will be recommended for speech therapy. With this explosive growth of children being diagnosed with the autism spectrum disorder, Speech and Language Pathology will continue to be of great need among this population. Teaching children with autism how to communicate is essential in helping them to reach their full potential.

One burst is how many bits?

One such need is burst length, which is the amount of data transferred ... Flash memory is another popular memory technology used in many computing systems. ...Although DRAMs with a burst length of 4 can be used to transfer 8 bits

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What is centralized shared memory architecture?

MIMD(Multiple Instruction streams, Multiple Data streams) multiprocessors fall into two classes Centralized Shared memory and distributed shared memory

Centralized Shared Memory Architecture has at most a few dozen microprocessors chips, that shares a single centralized memory. They have large caches, single memory, with multiple banks.

The single memory has a symmetric relation to all the processors and uniform access time from any processor.

What are memory sockets?

Most motherboards today come with between 2 and 8 sockets for the insertion of memory. These are usually either SIMMs (single inline memory modules) or DIMMs (dual inline memory modules). These can come in different sizes.

The motherboard usually labels these sockets "SIMM0" through "SIMM7" or "DIMM1" through "DIMM3", etc. The sockets are almost always filled starting with the lowest numbered socket first. Most Pentium class or higher motherboards require SIMMs to be inserted in pairs, but DIMMs may be inserted individually.

What is paged pool memory?

Paged pool memory is a region in virtual memory which can be paged in and paged out of the system. Device driver which do not need to access the memory from DPC/Dispatch level or above can use paged pool. it is accessible from any process context.

What is program memory?

Program memory refers to a type of memory used in coding. This memory is where the coding originally comes from.