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Electrical Engineering

Electrical engineering is a field of engineering that deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism.

23,056 Questions

Does CPU work on DC current?

A CPU works off of DC voltage. If you monitor the current draw of a CPU, it will likely not be DC, since a modern CPU is a CMOS design, current is only drawn when transistors are switched (ignoring the small leakage current). This is why overclocking (forcing the transistors to switch faster) can cause the CPU to overheat, and why "power save" mode on a laptop sometimes slows down the processor speed.

Does an SCR work on DC or ac?

SCR's are mainly used in AC circuits. They could be used in DC circuits but they then would not be able to turn off. They require the zero crossing of the AC circuit to turn off. Then when positively biased they can be turned back on.

Convert 800kvar to kw?

The same way, as you convert Appels to Carrots ...........

There is a formula: KVAr = KVA / KW or cos=KW/KVA > Yes, we are treating KW, KVA, & KVAr as the 3 sides in a 90 deg TRIANGLE !

KW= vertical katede

KVAr = horizontal katede

KVA = hypotenuse

Formula of motor shaft power for pumps?

Power available at shaft of pump

Ps = p x g x Q x h

where, p=density of fluid

g= gravitational acceleration

Q= discharge of fluid in m3/sec

h= differential head of pump

What is efffect of load on motors?

As the load increases on a motor the amperage rises. Increasing the load amps over the motors full load amp rating can shorten the motor's life because of excessive heat. Motors should have overload protection in their circuits to prevent this condition from happening by tripping the motor contactor and opening the motor's voltage supply.

<<>>

Gets very warm .... vibrations., possible melt, seize, much energy expended.

Do resistors resist differently under different temperatures?

Yes.

Most high quality resistors has got a sixth band of colour.

This band indicates Temperature Coefficient in PPM (Parts per million).

These resistors typically only rise in value within their specified range of temperature.

Note:

All resistors vary slightly whether they are marked with temperature coefficient or not. Those unmarked colorful resistors typically have a TC of 200 PPM or more. The problem with the unmarked resistors is also that we do not know exactly how they behave when being exposed to higher temperature. Most will have increased values. Some will have decreased values. Others will have a combination of these for different temperatures.

Color codes used on resistors are:

(Look at related question below for a full explanation of these, including calculating temperature drift.)

Colour valueMultiplierToleranceTemperature CoefficientSilver 0,01Silver 10%Gold 0,1Gold 5%Black 01Brown 1101%100ppmRed 21002%50ppmOrange 31k15ppmYellow 410k25ppmGreen 5100k0,50%Blue 61M0,25%Violet 710M0,10%Gray 80,05%White 9

What is the meaning of voltage control device and current control device y they call like this?

In vcd, input voltage controls the output current.e.g.jfet

In ccd , input current controls the output current. e.g. bjt

What is the meaning of c 32 in mcb?

In the context of miniature circuit breakers (MCBs), "C 32" refers to the type and rating of the breaker. The "C" indicates a type of tripping characteristic suitable for circuits with moderate inrush currents, typically used for inductive loads, while "32" denotes the current rating of the MCB, which is 32 amps. This means the MCB is designed to protect a circuit with a maximum load of 32 amps and can trip under overload or short-circuit conditions.

Why the maximum voltage is to be multiplied by 0.707 in case of series LCR to obtain bandwidth?

The factor of 0.707 is used to convert the peak, or maximum voltage or current, into the corresponding root-mean-square (r.m.s.) value. it does not have anything to do with 'bandwidth'.

What should be the phase margin and gain margin For stability?

A very high gain margin or phase margin produces stable feedback systems, however they may be sluggish in operation. If the gain margin is close to unity of the phase margin is close to zero, the system will be highly oscillatory and produce overshoots with large amplitudes that take a while to settle.

Having a gain of 6 dB or phase margin of 30 - 35 degrees will give you a relatively stable system. However there exists cases where this may not be so.

:-)

Cause of decrease in grid voltage in peak hours?

Since the transmission line has some real impedence (resistance) it will produce some voltage drop over a distance. During the peak hours the current going through the line is greater than non peak hours so the voltage drop increases proportunately (V=IR) and so you see a slightly lower voltage. This effect is best seen in remote areas at the end of the transmission line.

For a more extreme version that involves insufficient generation capabilities see brown out.

What is the difference between positive sequence and negative sequence arrangement?

The order in which the voltage of the coil reaches to the maximum value is called the Phase Sequence.

POSITIVE PHASE SEQUENCE: If the coil is rotated in anticlockwise direction, the phase sequence will be Positive Phase Sequence, i.e., R-Y-B or A-B-C.

NEGATIVE PHASE SEQUENCE: If the coil is rotated in clockwise direction, the phase sequence is called Negative Phase Sequence, i.e., R-B-Y or A-C-B.

NOTE: Phase Sequence is of great importance in parallel operation of three phase transformers and alternators.

What is the difference between a normal resistor and a bleeder resistor?

A resistor is a resistor. Plain and simple. By Ohm's Law, resistance in ohms is voltage in volts divided by current in amperes.

The difference lies in application, not in the resistor itself.

A normal resistor will introduce a voltage drop or current that makes some effect in the circuit, based on some design criteria. A bleeder resistor, on the other hand does not really affect the circuit - it is only there to "bleed off", or discharge, capacitors when the power is turned off. Consequently, a bleeder resistor will typically have a higher resistance than a normal resistor but, again, the issue is circuit design, not the resistor itself.

Why the graph of breakdown voltage is cheaper than knee voltage?

Break down voltages happens at low voltages (.6 for silicon & .3 for germanium), whereas knee voltages at higher voltages. That's why its cheaper.

What is the process of circuit design?

The circuit design process covers systems ranging from highly complex to simple. The design process for simple circuits can usually be completed by one person, while teams of designers may be required to complete the process for more complex circuits.

How much of ampere can kill?

Milliamps are dangerous Less than 1/2 milliamp no sensation

1/2 to 2 milliamps Threshold of perception

2 to 10 milliamps muscular contraction

5 to 25 milliamps painful shock (may not be able to let go)

Over 25 milliamps Could be violent muscular contraction

50 to 100 milliamps Ventricular fibrillation

over 100 paralysis of breathing. <<<>>> possibily 1-2Amp/s can make your heart stop. and kill you. Not the amount of voltage

What would be minimum capacity of transformer betweed generator and 220 kV transmission line system?

At a minimum, the main step up transformer for a generator should carry 105% of the full MW output of the generator.

Why is open ckt test conducted on lv side?

in the open circuit test, the high voltage winding is open circuited and the measurements are made on the low winding side i.e, the open circuit test is performed on the L.V side. This is because if the measurements are made on HV side then voltage applied must be large and the current would be unsuitably small, for which the high voltage sources may not be readily available and at the same time the instrument ranges required should be very high, Also the result obtained may not be accurate.

NOTE: iron loss will be same, if measured from either of the winding.

in short circuit test. the low voltage winding is short circuited and the measurements are made on the high voltage winding side i,e,. the sort circuit test is performed on H.V side. This is because if the test is performed on the L.V side, the current will be suitably large for which the instruments used should be of very high ranges. moreover instruments of such high ranges and the auto-transformer capable of handling such high currents may not be readily available.

If the current is 10 amperes in the main wire and 4 amperes in one of the branches how much current is in the other branch?

Six, Voltage is the same in a parallel circuit but current divides to total the sum of each branch. See Kirchoffs current law.

Can a 3 wire system create neutral voltages due to Harmonic distortion?

Yes, a 3 wire system can create neutral voltages due to harmonic distortion. Neutral voltages can also be caused by load imbalance between the two hots.

It is normal for neutral to have a voltage differential relative to ground. Neutral is, after all, a current carrying conductor. In a well balanced system, however, there is little (theoretically zero) current in neutral.