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General and Special Relativity
Relativity is the theory stating that all measurements depend on the relative motions of the observer and the observed. The theories of general and specific relativity were both proposed by Albert Einstein.
813 Questions
Titles for investigatory project in physics?
The best title for your project is one that encapsulates what your project is about. It should be short, but still memorable. A good title sets the tone for an entire project, so be sure to spend some good time on coming up with a title.
What is the significance of pair production to special relativity?
Pair production is the creation of an elementary particle and its analog, or antiparticle, by a photon or an uncharged boson. It's significance to special relativity could be described by saying that it is a consequence of special relativety. This classical quantum mechanical process is the creation of matter from energy according to the basic equivalence theorem, E = mc2. That said, let's look at what is arbuably one of the most "common" cases - the creation of an electron-positron pair from a high energy photon. If a photon of sufficient energy slashes through the space near an atomic nucleus, the energy (or some of it) will be converted into mass. It takes a lot of energy to make a little mass, just as converting just a tiny amount of mass into energy makes a lot of energy. In the case of the electron and the positron, the latter being an anti-electron or antimatter, the minimum energy needed to create the pair of particles is 1.022 MeV (million electron volts). This is equivalent to the rest mass of a pair of electrons. We're creating two particles, are we not? If a "hot" gamma ray (meaning a high energy one) of 1 MeV flashes by a nucleus, no electron-positron pair will appear because the energy threshold has not been met. Special relatively actually speaks to the lack of any "immune" inertial frame when considering the speed of light and how its speed is measured. Translation: the speed of light is a constant, no matter what your frame of reference. But pair production will follow quantum mechanical principles meaning a given amount of energy will be converted to mass per the mass-equivalence equation, and also that charge, spin and other quantum mechanical characteristics, the so-called quantum numbers, will be conserved.
The change in the Doppler effect causes what not to occur with it?
The change in the Doppler effect does not cause a change in the frequency of the wave source itself; it only affects how the frequency of the wave is perceived by an observer in relative motion to the source.
What are the similarties between time and space?
Time and space are both fundamental concepts in physics that form the fabric of our universe. They are interconnected and inseparable, as demonstrated by Einstein's theory of relativity. Both time and space can be measured and experienced in different ways, and they play a crucial role in shaping the structure of our reality.
The equation E=mc^2, attributed to Albert Einstein in his theory of relativity, shows the relationship between energy (E), mass (m), and the speed of light (c). It suggests that mass can be converted into energy and vice versa, and the speed of light is a fundamental constant that affects this conversion.
Why do loose objects on a dashboard slide right when the car turns left?
This happens because of Newton's First Law. This law states
Every body perseveres in its state of being at rest or of moving uniformly straight forward, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by force impressed. This means that when an object is moving, it will naturally continue in a straight path until something acts upon it. When you turn left, the object still wants to move in a straight path, so it is not really turning right, it is attempting to continue move in a straight line.
If you increase the radius of circular motion then what is the centripetal acceleration?
That depends what you will remain constant: the angular velocity, or the speed. Here are two formulae that can help you decide: acceleration = speed squared / radius, and acceleration = angular velocity squared times radius. Angular speed should be measured in radians in this case. Angular speed is equal to 2 x pi x (revolutions per second).
From the above formulae, it clearly follows that: (a) If you maintain the speed constant (and thereby reduce angular speed, a larger radius means less centripetal acceleration. (b) If you maintain the angular speed constant (and thereby increase the speed), a larger radius means more centripetal acceleration.
Derive expression of time dilation in relativity?
In order to derive this, we have to consider two systems S & S'.Let S' be moving with a velocity v w.r.t S in the positive direction of X-axis.
Clock too!! has to be included as the word dilation means to lengthen at time.
So,suppose a clock is situated in the system S at position x and gives signs of interval ∇t, i.e., ∇t = t2-t1 ___________________(i)
If this interval is observed by an observer in system S',then interval ∇t' recorded by an observer is given by ∇t' = t1'-t2' _____________(ii)
From Lorentz transformation, t1' = t1-(vx/c2)/(1-v2/c2)1/2_____________(iii)
and t2' = t2-(vx/c2)/(1-v2/c2)1/2 ______________(iv)
Substituting the values of t1' and t2' from equations (iii) & (iv) in (ii), we get
∇t' =t2-(vx/c2)/(1-v2/c2)1/2 - t1-(vx/c2)/(1-v2/c2)1/2
= t2-vx/c2 - t1+ vx/c2/(1-v2/c2)1/2 = t2-t1/(1-v2/c2)1/2 = ∇t/ (1-v2/c2)1/2
So, ∇t' = ∇t/ (1-v2/c2)1/2, where ∇t'>∇t.
Hey buddies,just imagine the graph yourself..!!
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IZ
Speed is directly related to power. As speed increases, power also increases. And as speed decreases, power also decreases.
What is a wiggle in time and space called?
A wiggle in time and space is called a spacetime fluctuation. This term is often used in physics to describe small changes or disturbances in the fabric of spacetime itself, which can affect the behavior of particles and objects within it.
What did Albert Ienstein Discover?
Albert Einstein is known for his theory of relativity, which revolutionized the understanding of space, time, and gravity. He also made significant contributions to the development of quantum theory and the photoelectric effect, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
Gives a pictorial indication of how far and fast an object has moved?
A distance-time graph can provide a pictorial indication of how far and fast an object has moved. The steepness of the graph represents the object's speed, while the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time and the vertical axis shows the distance traveled.
What is the maximum speed of light?
The maximum speed of light is its speed in vacuum.
That's 299,792,458 meters (186,282 miles) per second.
The distance something travels depends on factors such as speed, time, and direction. It can range from a few centimeters to thousands of kilometers, depending on these variables.
How can two different observers measure a different speed for the same object?
It depends on the observer's frame of reference. If both are stationary then an object's speed will be measured to be the same. If one or both are moving at unequal velocities, then the same object will appear to move at a different speed for each observer.
Can you time travel to the past?
-with a time machine. cause its fun. i like my answer. it's short, simple, and to the point. :) P.S. sry science guy, i only like bill nye!!!!
-I'd like to start off by saying that time travel has always been my life's work. I am a very serious scientist in the field and reject many modern t
theories as pure science fiction.
"How do you travel through time and why?"
Theretically, that's just it. You travel through time bytraveling through time. Now, try to understand that there is a serious problem with the way most scientists think about time travel, or that it is a controllable phenomenon. There are an unimaginable amount of concepts involved which, if my life's work is correct, should include these:
The fact that it actually would take physical time totravel through time. We live in a four dimensional world. Traveling through time implies bending the strings which make up our very reality to transport into a whole nother dimension, from where we may jump back into our universe at a different dimensional angle, that angle inflicting upon time. From any other angle, we would be teleporting through space, which, according to my theory, is far more unlikely than traveling through time. However, this phenomenon taking place would take several years, even if one were traveling at 100%+11 the speed of light {this represnting the speed of light (+,x) 11, as one would have to traverse counterclockwise through all 11 dimensions of space-time-x to return back to their original physical space}, it would take an impractical amount of time for the return, thus wholly defeating the purpose of space-time travel. This might be a problem, since very few scientists are even remotey aware of this and do not pre-determine the amount of time it would take to travel through all these dimensions (an inconceivable 2.645396 years, although, believe it or not, this shouldn't be a problem. I will not disclose my solution for this problem for very serious reasons).
Sorry that last one was so long, but please bare with me, here.There is also another serious problem with most scientists theories of time travel: They are under the impression that matter can be destroyed, or created. Understand this: Matter cannotbe destroyed or created under any circumstances. Why is this important to time travel? Bare with me as I try to explain through scenario. If one was to travel, say, a day back in time, they would, in affect, be distorting space time, since all the matter that compses them, is technically, brand new matter from a whole nother dimension. That's right, the universe, which has basically been recycling the same exact matter since its conception, is now, all of a sudden, disrupted by a new source of matter. You can forget about the speed of light, the whole universe would be destroyed instantly through this unprecedented chaos. In one instance, regardless of any particles distance from this new source, everything would be destroyed forever, reality torn to shreds. That mean our earth would be destroyed at, litrally, the exact same time as a planet on the absolute other side of the universe. I am working on a solution to travel back in time by artificial means, without destroying the universe forever (a spot of dry humor, there)
This much I can disclose to the public as a sort of solution: If you can trade the exact amount of mass, 2gram for 2gram, particle for particle between all 11 space-time-x dimensions before coming back to your universe within your dimension (yes, my theory also proves without a shadow of a doubt, that our universe is contained inside of a whole dimension of four-dimensional universes), you may be able to trael without disrupting this balance even for the slightest point in time, and thus, achieve perfect time travel.
There are many other flaws with the modern science communitie's views in time travel that I have uncovered over my life's work, but I will try to crack thee codes and more. Look out for my book/autobiography, American Time Machines: Deadlier Than Skipping Stones, next summer. It will have many of my ideas, but the rest of them wil be revealed by the time I perfct many thesis.
-Wow I almost left only half-answering your "how" question. The odds of naturally traveling through time are so unlikely, that it will, that's right, not might, or even "most likely" will, but will never happen in the entire lifespan of our dimension, according to my work. However, this does not mean that it is impossible to travel through time naturally, though this is not myexpertise
-An artificial time travel experience would require energy and technology not currently available to humanity. THis includes something like a star, which would have to be much smaller, and much more powerful, as well as something like a theoretical wormhole, which has not yet been proven to exist. Most importantly, the element fluorine is required for very complex reasons which will be fully revealed in my book.
- As for the why? Why not?
u are asking why wood a person want to go back in time? maybe the want to change something they did in the post or relive a moment. like im sure u wood like to relive at least one day just to say yes instead or no or something else.
if you could go back in time wood u love to c wat it was like when rome was at its greatest etcSorry Mr. Scientist, but time travel acording to Mwaaa is imposible and impracticle.
-If it where (Einstein, being the father of Science) says this:(although it sounds a bit far fetched and plain out 'weird' this Universe is constantly doubling into new universes every single millisecond, meaning that every new universe is therefore NEW and there for on the day of initial coming into creation. Each Universe (says Einstein) is identical and their occurances are identical, and everything that happens in one Universe will happen in the other (but they cannot effect each other).
That's where Time Travel comes into play... Einstein say the Universe was created (not saying how) and a millisecond later a new Universe was born, 1 millisecond behind the first. Now, he doesn't say weather every universe splits every millisecond, he just this one. So, if we want to get ten millisecond into the past, we have to go to Universe number ten. In that sense, we cannot go to the future because this universe is the furthest yet. The future (says I) doesn't exist. Also, this removes the chances of time paradoxes (the act of changing the present by doing something in the past and all). If you somehow enter a different Universe an kill your dad before you were born, THAT Universe's future is changed and different from this one's.
However Einstein no sense in his explanation of how to get to an alternate or parallel Universe (something about copying every detail of yourself and this disintegrating and then passing through a foam cube or something and being re created as a replication of your in a different Universe.
-I think that's VERY weird and I don't believe it, but I think everyone has a right to decide for himself.
Another AnswerSome theories, most notably special and general relativity, suggest that suitable geometries of spacetime, or specific types of motion in space, might allow time travel into the past and future if these geometries or motions are possible. In technical papers, physicists generally avoid the commonplace language of "moving" or "traveling" through time ('movement' normally refers only to a change in spatial position as the time coordinate is varied), and instead discuss the possibility of closed timelike curves, which are worldlines that form closed loops in spacetime, allowing objects to return to their own past. There are known to be solutions to the equations of general relativity that describe spacetimes which contain closed timelike curves (such as Godel spacetime), but the physical plausibility of these solutions is uncertain.Physicists take for granted that if one were to move away from the Earth at relativistic velocities and return, more time would have passed on Earth than for the traveler, so in this sense it is accepted that relativity allows "travel into the future" (although according to relativity there is no single objective answer to how much time has 'really' passed between the departure and the return). On the other hand, many in the scientific community believe that backwards time travel is highly unlikely. Any theory which would allow time travel would require that problems of causality be resolved. The classic example of a problem involving causality is the "grandfather paradox": what if one were to go back in time and kill one's own grandfather before one's father was conceived? But some scientists believe that paradoxes can be avoided, either by appealing to the Novikov self-consistency principle or to the notion of branching parallel universes.
A body in a circular orbit around the earth or sun is moving. There is a gravitational force
attracting it towards the central body, but gravity does no work on it. Since the orbit is
circular, the object never moves toward the central body, so the force of gravity never
moves it through a distance in the direction of the force.
What theory does the equation E equals mc2 help explain?
Simply: This mathematical formula describes the relationship between what we call matter and its contained Energy.
E=MC2 Is a formulation, a depiction of a ratio, The ratio between Energy and Mass as it is found in space and time. Such that if the given amount of mass is accelerated to the universal constant of light speed "C" (it is squared revealing the acceleration in time and ie time and space 'per second squared') the resulting calculated numeric would describe the amount of Energy that could be released. This energy could be released if the mass underwent complete nuclear fission. Complete nuclear fission could result during the energy release event called a 'super nova.'
This formula first revealed by patent office worker and scientist Albert Einstein (1905)this conclusion evaded all until he showed it to be an eye opening discovery. Later proved by the nuclear energy released by the first "A-Bomb."In New Mexico during WW2.
I hope this answers the question of how this formula explains both the relationship between all things (matter 'M' Space time 'C2' and energy 'E' in our narrow perception of what we call the Universe.
What is the exact speed of light?
The exact speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792 kilometers per second or about 186,282 miles per second.
Relation between relaxation time and mean collision time?
The relaxation time is related to the mean collision time through the expression: relaxation time = mean collision time / (1 - f), where f is the fraction of collisions that result in thermalization. The mean collision time represents the average time between particle collisions, while the relaxation time is the time it takes for a system to reach thermal equilibrium after a perturbation.
What does c equal if E equals mc2?
In the equation E=mc2 'c' is equal to the speed of light (in a vacuum) or 2.997*108.
or...
186282.397 miles per second
670616629 miles per hour
Or if you're metric
1.07925285 × 109 kph
299792458 metres per second
* * * * *
Actually, the equation "works" only in SI units. With any other units you will need to introduce a constant which is based on the units used.
The two basic systems of forces are concurrent forces, where multiple forces act through a common point, and non-concurrent forces, where multiple forces do not intersect at a common point. Each system requires different methods for analysis and calculation.
The mass of the rock doesn't make any difference. Anything with a volume of 21 L, when it's
completely submerged, displaces 21 L of water, and produces a buoyant force equal to the
weight of 21 L of water.
21 L of water has a mass of 21 Kg. Its weight is (MG) = (21 x 9.8) = 205.8 Newtons = 46.3 pounds. (rounded)
What happens to gravity when one object is larger than the other?
The force of gravity between two objects depends on the product of the two masses and the distance
between them. The force has nothing to do with how similar or different the objects are.
