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Genetic Engineering
Questions about the manipulation of an organisms genes in order to alter the morphological or chemical traits of the organism.
1,707 Questions
- A Specialized Center of Research in Lupus at the University of Virginia School of Medicine
- A Lupus Registry and Repository that researchers across the country can utilize to help identify genes that determine susceptibility to the disease
- A Neonatal Lupus Registry that researchers across the country can utilize to research data and genetic information on neonatal lupus
- Funding for The Lupus Federal Working Group-to focus on lupus research progress
- Research studies to better understand:
- Genetics-genes that are associated with susceptibility to lupus or play a role in the development of lupus
- Biomarkers-something that can be found in cells or tissues that predicts lupus flares or lupus disease process
- The lupus disease process-how it affects different organs, how it behaves in its earliest clinical manifestations
- Treatments, such as the medication rituximab, which lowers the number of white blood cells that produce antibodies
- Overcoming barriers that tend to keep some populations from complying with prescribed treatment.
Why is the aging process faster in clones?
Because if you take the genes from an older animal
And use them to create a clone of that exact animal, it would still be born from the womb as a child
However because the genes are already however many years old the newborn animals genes will be the same age so it will mature, and die faster
For example Dolly the sheep was 7 years old
Her genes were cloned into a baby lamb
This lambs genes were 7 years old so it had to catch up faster
Therefore... It aged faster
What do bacteriophage's do in genetic engineering?
To duplicate, viruses insert their genetic material into a host cell along with enzymes. The host cell's internal replication machinery is hijacked, and the cell begins producing the proteins to make new viruses.
In genetic engineering, the viral DNA is changed (through a variety of techniques) to include the altered genetic material that is intended to change or replace pieces of the host's genome. It also usually includes a "repair protein" that keeps it from killing the host cell.
Special receptors on the surface of the virus allow it to attach to the appropriate cells (for instance certain adeno-associated viruses can insert information specifically into chromosome 19), and the modified DNA is introduced via the usual method of viral reproduction. Instead of replicating new copies of the virus, the cells begin to copy the new genetic material, which then is incorporated into the host's genome.
Copy genetic material to reproduce identical Cells?
Replication-
Before a Cell divides, its DNA is replicated (duplicated.) Because the two strands of a DNA molecule have complementary base pairs, the nucleotide sequence of each strand automatically supplies the information needed to produce its partner. If the two strands of a DNA molecule are separated, each can be used as a pattern or template to produce a complementary strand. Each template and its new complement together then form a new DNA double helix, identical to the original.
Before replication can occur, the length of the DNA double helix about to be copied must be unwound. In addition, the two strands must be separated, much like the two sides of a zipper, by breaking the weak hydrogen bonds that link the paired bases. Once the DNA strands have been unwound, they must be held apart to expose the bases so that new nucleotide partners can hydrogen-bond to them.
The enzyme DNA polymerase then moves along the exposed DNA strand, joining newly arrived nucleotides into a new DNA strand that is complementary to the template.
Each Cell contains a family of more than thirty enzymes to insure the accurate replication of DNA.
Mutations in body cells can be passed on to offspring of the affected individual?
No. As long as the mutation does not occur in the reproductive cells (sperms or ovum), it will not be pass on to the offspring.
What is the structure in the cell nucleus that houses a cell's genetic information?
DNA carry information in chromosomes.They are in the nucleus.
What are the main sources of heritable variation in a population?
mutations, recombination, random pairing of gametes
Why is it important for the nuclear membrane to be broken down during mitosis?
The nuclear membrane breaks down during prophase, while the Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
The nuclear membrane must break down to allow the chromosomes to be pulled apart and away from the area of the former nucleus towards the pole where the daughter cell will be formed. If the nuclear membrane did not break down the spindle fibers would not be able to reach the chromosomes and they would not be moved towards opposite poles of the cell.
What does a mitochondrial genetic bottleneck result in?
The result is considerable variability in the amount of mutated mtDNA molecules that each of the offspring inherits
How does all organisms make recombinant DNA technology?
They don't, only humans make and use recombinant DNA technology. We use it to modify other organisms in ways that standard breeding techniques either do not allow or would find very difficult to accomplish.
What is the process by which materials are engulfed by the cell membrane and brought into the cell?
The process by which materials are engulfed by the cell membrane and brought into the cell is called endocytosis. It involves the formation of vesicles that surround the material to be taken in and then fuse with the cell membrane to release the contents into the cell. There are two main types of endocytosis: phagocytosis, for larger solid particles, and pinocytosis, for smaller liquid particles.
Why are biotechnology companies interested in genetic information?
Biotechnology companies are interested in genetic information in order to use genectic modification to create modifications in DNA that result in new traits in an organism. For example, biotech companies have created crops that are resistant to herbicides like Glysophate, and ones that produce an insecticide within the plant itself. Pharmeceudical companies are interested in genetic information in order to use it to create new drugs.
Since patents can be obtained for the modifications, the companies make profits from them and also have the protection that for a number of years, no other company can use the patented changes.
Can genetic counselors tell couples the exact genes that they will pass on to their offspring?
Can genetic counselors tell couples the exact genes that they will pass on to their offspring?
Read more: Can_genetic_counselors_tell_couples_the_exact_genes_that_they_will_pass_on_to_their_offspring
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
The primary function of the Calvin cycle is to convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic compounds, particularly glucose, which can be used by plants as an energy source and as building blocks for growth. This process occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and is essential for photosynthesis.
The first animal ever cloned was a tadpole, back in 1952. Dolly was the name of the sheep that was the first mammal ever cloned. It was in 1996, presented to the world in 1997.
Would human clones have identical fingerprints?
nope, if what i understand is right, then no they don't.
The genetic content should be almost identical as long as the DNA repliction proof reading is 100% acurate, no translocations have taken place. The telomeres (on the ends of the chromosomes) will have shortened a little but this is noncoding DNA so is unimportant in protein expression. If there are any areas of damaged DNA the cell cycle should halt until it is repaired or undergo apoptosis (cell suicide). Anytime dude Diesal 'danger' nutkins
Where in the cell is genetic information stored?
Encoded by the DNA comprising the Genes which sit on the Chromosomes in the cells Nucleus. The genetic information in the cell is stored in the nucleus. the nucleus controls the cell and is like a little dot.
How does genetic mutation occur?
Gene mutations may occur in at least three Ways: they can be inherited from a parent, or acquired during a person's lifetime - See Epigenetics - or acquired during a person's lifetime - see Strontium 90.
Where were the first cloned plant cloned?
A vast number of plants clone themselves naturally. The ability goes back hundreds of millions of years.
How do captive breeding programs affect genetic diversity?
Captive breeding programs can affect genetic diversity in one of two ways. Within the program itself, genetic diversity is reduced, because captive breeding programs only have a limited number of animals to work with. On the other hand, animals from a captive breeding program that are re-introduced to the wild can increase genetic diversity, because they are bringing genes that may have been gone for a long time back into the gene pool.
