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Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism is the result of an over-active thyroid. Symptoms include: sudden weight loss, rapid heartbeat, irregular heartbeat or pounding of your heart, increased appetite, nervousness, anxiety, irritability, tremor, sweating, changes in menstrual patterns, increased sensitivity to heat, more frequent bowel movements, an enlarged thyroid gland, fatigue, muscle weakness and difficulty sleeping. This problem can be controlled by your doctor with medications, tests and possibly surgery if severe enough.
228 Questions
What is thyroid hyperthyroidism?
Hyperactive thyroid is also known as hyperthyroidism. This is where the thyroid produces too much thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which causes ADHD related symptoms and a racy metabolism. If left untreated with a TSH blood test or otherwise, it will lead to some health issues, most notably heart and bone issues.
What is adesign for psychological model for patient suffering from hypertension?
Papilledema. Note the swelling of the optic disc, with blurred margins.
Up to 1% of patients with essential hypertension develop malignant hypertension, but the reason some patients develop malignant hypertension whereas others do not is unknown. The characteristic vascular lesion is fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles and small arteries, which causes the clinical manifestations of end-organ damage. Red blood cells are damaged as they flow through vessels obstructed by fibrin deposition, resulting in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.
Another pathologic process is the dilatation of cerebral arteries following a breakthrough of the normal autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. Under normal conditions, cerebral blood flow is kept constant by cerebral vasoconstriction in response to increases in blood pressure. In patients without hypertension, flow is kept constant over a mean pressure of 60-120 mm Hg. In patients with hypertension, flow is constant over a mean pressure of 110-180 mm Hg because of arteriolar thickening. When blood pressure is raised above the upper limit of autoregulation, arterioles dilate. This results in hyperperfusion and cerebral edema, which cause the clinical manifestations of hypertensive encephalopathy.
Other causes of malignant hypertension include any form of secondary hypertension; complications of pregnancy; use of cocaine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), or oral contraceptives; and the withdrawal of alcohol, beta-blockers, or alpha-stimulants. Renal artery stenosis, pheochromocytoma (most pheochromocytomas can be localized using computed tomography (CT) scanning of the adrenals), aortic coarctation, and hyperaldosteronism are also secondary causes of hypertension. In addition, both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can cause hypertension.
The following conditions should also be considered when making the diagnosis: stroke, intracranial mass, head injury, epilepsy or postictal state, connective-tissue disease (especially lupus with cerebral vasculitis), drug overdose or withdrawal, cocaine or amphetamine ingestion, acute anxiety, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.[2]
For more information, see Hypertension.
Accelerated hypertension and hypertensive urgencyAccelerated hypertension is defined as a recent significant increase over baseline blood pressure that is associated with target organ damage. This is usually seen as vascular damage on funduscopic examination, such as flame-shaped hemorrhages or soft exudates, but without papilledema.Hypertensive urgency must be distinguished from hypertensive emergency. Urgency is defined as severely elevated blood pressure (ie, systolic >220 mm Hg or diastolic >120 mm Hg) with no evidence of target organ damage.
Hypertensive emergencies require immediate therapy to decrease blood pressure within minutes to hours.[3] In contrast, no evidence suggests a benefit from rapidly reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertensive urgency. In fact, such aggressive therapy may harm the patient, resulting in cardiac, renal, or cerebral hypoperfusion. This article discusses hypertensive emergency, but therapy for hypertensive urgency is discussed briefly.
Patient educationPatients must be taught an appropriate diet for long-term management, and upon discharge, patients should not only know the signs and symptoms that should prompt immediate notification of a physician but also know the proper dosing and adverse effects of their medications.Can a hyperthyroid patient take contraceptive?
Yes, unfortunately any thyroid dysfunction can create problems not only achieving pregnancy, but also maintaining it.
No but some medications can cause problems with the fetus. Please check with your doctor.
Do thyroidectomized indicate hyperthyroidism of hypothyroidism?
Thyroidectomy is the process of removing the thyroid. The result is hypothyroidism if not treated with thyroid hormone. Thyroidectomy is sometimes done to treat hyperthyroidism.
How effective are beta blockers for hyperthyroidism?
Beta blockers are very effective in minimizing some of the annoying symptoms of hyperthyroid dysfunction, however, it does not treat the hyperthyroid condition itself.
Very effective! Propranolol is usually prescribed along with a anti-thyroid drug and after 7 days of around 30mg a day the beta blocker will counter act the overactive behaviour of the thyroid thus stablizing your body and after 3/4 weeks the patient should feel "normal" once again, however the drug must not be stopped immediately, this will enduse symptoms to return even worse or even cause heart failure. Beta Blockers must be gradually reduceds over a period of weeks. The Beta Blocker should be stopped once the anti-thyroid drug reduces the thryroid action to a normal rate.
What is Nodular Hyperplasia of the Thyroid?
Hyperplasia of the Thyroid gland occurs as a result of dyshormonogenic goiter, endemic goiter, Graves' disease, or due to multinodular goiter.
Difference between thyrotoxicosis and hyperthyroidism?
Thyrotoxicosis: A condition resulting from excessive concentrations of thyroid hormones in the body, as in hyperthyroidism.
Hyperthyroidism: the overproduction of thyroid hormones by an overactive thyroid.
The cure or treatment for hyperthyroidism depends entirely upon its cause. For example:
- Iodine toxicity hyperthyroidism may be "cured" by decreasing iodine levels in the food eaten
- A *hot* nodule may be "cured" by removal.
Autoimmune hyperthyroidism cannot be cured however, because the problem is not the thyroid, but the antibodies that are stimulating the thyroid to overproduce. Ablating or removing the thyroid removes the excess hormones, but not the antibodies which may also attack other areas of the body including bones, brain, skin, eyes, etc. This type of hyperthyroidism is treated, not cured.
Is goitre hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism?
A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland which is situated at the front of the throat, below the larynx. It is made up of two lobes on either side of the windpipe, joined in front by an isthmus. The thyroid gland secretes hormones that regulate metabolic processes, such as growth and energy expenditure. This gland is controlled by the pituitary gland, which is located in the brain. The pituitary prompts the thyroid to make its hormones including thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) by releasing a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). However, if a persons diet is too low in iodine the thyroid can't manufacture hormones. Never the less the pituitary keeps sending chemical messages to the thyroid, without any result . The thyroid gland then enlarges as it unsucsesfuly trys tos to comply with the pituitary's glands instruction. Apart from iodine deficiency, other causes of goiter involve conditions of the thyroid - such as nodules, cancer, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
The symptoms of a goiter include: * Enlargement of the throat, ranging from a small lump to a huge mass. * Swallowing problems, if the goiter is large enough to press on the esophagus. * Breathing problems, if the goiter is large enough to press on the windpipe (trachea).
Can you remove your thyroid without removing your parathyroid and if so how?
The surgeon will try to identify and preserve your parathyroid glands if possible. Unfortunately this difficult and sometimes impossible as these glands are very tiny and literally embedded in the thyroid. If the parathyroids are inadvertently removed it results in a condition called "hypoparathyroidism," which is common and treatable.
Why use the Thyroid Uptake and scan on the thyroid?
Because the results of the uptake will determine whether you will need surgery to remove your thyroid glands.
Who discovered hyperthyroidism?
'Thyroid' disorders have been noted for centuries, since at least the 1100s. However, as the thyroid gland wasn't identified until 1656, the cause of these disorders was a medical mystery for a very long time. In 1656, the thyroid gland was at last located and identified by Thomas Wharton, an anatomist. For more information see 'Related Links' below.
If you have hyperthyroidism can you take Ibuprofen?
I have been on Synthroid for a year. After a bad cold I called my Doctor and she said to take the Synthroid and wait 1 hour before taking ibuprofen.
What is propylthiouracil used for?
Propylthiouracil is used to treat hyperthyroidism. It works by stopping the thyroid gland from making thyroid hormone.
Propylthiouracil should usually be given only to people who are allergic to or cannot tolerate methimazole (Tapazole) or who are in the first trimester of a pregnancy.
What are the affects of Hyperthyroidism?
Because thyroid hormones affect each and every living cell in the body, hyperthyroidism also affects these cells by revving up their metabolism beyond the point they are designed to function optimally.
For appropriate diagnosis and treatment of thyroid dysfunction, please seek the help of a board certified endocrinologist who specializes in thyroid problems.
A common result of hyperthyroidism is?
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. The result are symptoms such as fast heart rate, anxiety, significant weight loss, hair loss, loose bowel movements, muscle weakness, smooth skin, irregular menstrual cycles, and increased miscarriages.
What is a autoimmune disorder caused by hyperthyroidism?
Grave's Disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis are two that I know of. Grave's tends to have a steady stream of hyperthyroid symptoms while in Hashimoto's tyroiditis it might start out hyperthyroid and as the antibodies attack it will eventually dwindle down to hypothyroidism. Somtimes there will be bursts of hyperthyroid behavior as the thryoid gland is destroyed by antibodies in Hashimoto's thryoiditis.
Can hyperthyroidism cause lymphadenopathy?
No. But it can coexist with a swelling of the thyroid which may superficially look a bit like lymphadenopathy.
How is hypercalcemia diagnosed?
High levels of calcium in the blood are a good indication of hypercalcemia, but these levels may fluctuate. Calcium levels are influenced by other compounds in the blood that may combine with calcium.
Hypercalcemia is ultimately diagnosed by Calcium blood tests which should be done over the course of several months.
For women it could be as simple as wearing a pony tail or bun on the top of their head (twists the hair and irritates the scalp) feels like someone has been pulling on your hair. It also could be how the person sleeps at night. We dream every 1/2 hour and some of the dreams (we won't remember most) could have a person tossing and turning and pushing their head into the pillow which will also twist the hair and cause a sore spot. If you wake up and see your hair flattened on the top then 9 chances out of 10 you have been shoving your head into the pillow because you were restless. If it continues it's always wise to have a doctor look at it.
Food not to eat in hyperthyroidism?
Patients cannot have foods high in iodine, such as edible seaweeds and kelps.
Thyrotoxicosis may also occur by the ingestion of excessive amounts of exogenous thyroid hormone in the form of thyroid hormone supplements such as the most widely used supplement levothyroxine, liothyronine, in weight-reducing dietary supplements that contain thyroid hormone, synthetic forms of T4 and T3 or thyroid extract (desiccated thyroid).
Increase calories.
Why is hyperthyroidism commoner in women?
Most hyperthyroidism is a result of an autoimmune disorder. Autoimmune disorders are more common in females.
What is the best diet for hyperthyroidism patients?
Yes, there is often weight loss with hyperthyroidism due to increased metabolism of all the cells in the body. Some patients have mild hyperthyroidism that doesn't result in decreased weight. Rarely, some patients may experience weight gain, often due to increased ability to absorb nutrients from the gut.
