Immune System

Florence microscopy has 3 main different way to make the cell fluorescence each with the disadvantages.

Label protein outside the cell and microinject it - Takes a long time for little results

You can use Immunofloresence which is faster by direct or indirect. Indirect you get better results through more floresence and takes less time because you can order the antibodies off the internet.

You can use GFP gene and insert it into the cell. What you can do is have a plasmid transfect it then the protein will glow - This has a downside if the protein doesnt fold.

If you are doing the immunofloresence you need to prepare the cell. You need to kill it to use the antibodies. You use formaldhyde or gluteraldehyde or methanol for this. This will but everything in place (cytoplasm wont move) then use a detergent to punch holes in the membrane. Then you use your anti-bodies to go into the cell and attach to your primary proteins. that you want to see.

To make these antibodies you can proceed either by monoclonal or polyclonal. inject the rabit or w/e animal with an antigen. You will get antibodies forming with the epitop to that antigen that antigen should be the protein you want. Polyclonal have more then 1 epitope. and you need the rabit to do this.. if it dies bye bye antibodies disadvantage

Monoclonal have Hybridomas which are immortal cell lines, they regognize only 1 epitope.

Myeloma cell with a lymophocytes.

To make sure you only have there hybridoma cell you can put them in HAT which will kill the myloma cells and you only get hybridomas.

acute lymphocytic leukemia

The Engine it's self did not cause the problems. I twas the vibration thar caused small cracks to develope into large ones and the outer sheet of the commposit metal prop slid off, sometimes into the AC. It mostly started at the de-iceing boot. IL worked on the KC-97G at Hunter AFB Ga. from 1956 to 1960. PS I also worked on the C119C in the Air Reserve as an ART flight engineer at ndrews AFB. jbfire3 The Engine it's self did not cause the problems. I twas the vibration thar caused small cracks to develope into large ones and the outer sheet of the commposit metal prop slid off, sometimes into the AC. It mostly started at the de-iceing boot. IL worked on the KC-97G at Hunter AFB Ga. from 1956 to 1960. PS I also worked on the C119C in the Air Reserve as an ART flight engineer at ndrews AFB. jbfire3

They can be, depending on the type of virus and resulting symptoms, as well as depending on whether there are other complications or secondary infections caused by other organisms. Often children and the elderly have poorly functioning immune systems which leaves them more vulnerable for contracting and having complications from viral infections. Each year tens of thousands of patients age 65 and over die from the flu in the US.

i think the immune system is just a bunch of whte blood cells acting to help defend the body against deaseses, viruses, etc.

Antibodies.

Inflammation itself does not have types. It could be a blister from a burn, that inflammed part surrounding a wound or an injury of the joints leading to swelling of it.

Yes, in a way.

Some viruses can induce immunity, in a person exposed to them, to other, more dangerous viruses. For example, exposure to cowpox, which was seldom deadly and not particularly contagious, historically made people immune to smallpox, which was highly contagious and a very deadly disease. The smallpox vaccination was developed from cowpox, and has eliminated smallpox as a health threat worldwide.

Viruses can also play a role in evolution by transferring genomes, through a mechanism called horizontal gene transfer, through which an organism can incorporate genetic material from another organism to which it is not directly related. Horizontal gene transfer is like genetic engineering, but is a natural process and, presumably, happens by chance. A link is given below to an article on horizontal gene transfer in Wikipedia.

If a person tests positive for the HIV antibody, it means that person has the HIV infection.

White blood cells are the backbone of the bodies immunity. White blood cells attach to bad cells or bacteria to help fight of disease.

T -helper cells

on my left ankle my vein burst through my skin and was bleeding every where,comming out like a fountain.

Lymphocytes have a <protective role>. Particular function depends on the type of lymphocytes. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity whereas B cells are primarily responsible for humoral immunity (relating to antibodies).

Protective functions are done through: lysis of virually infected cells or tumor cells, realease of cytokines and growth factors to stimulate otherimmune cells, immunoregulation and cytotoxicity, destruction of virally infected cells, secretion of antibodies

Antiglobulin or Anti-immunoglobulin

You can't and there really is no reason why you should try.

agglutination reaction

Myasthenia gravis.

White Blood Cell count less than 500 places the patient at risk for a fatal infection.

Edward Jenner then trained in Chipping Sodbury, Gloucestershire as an apprentice to Daniel Ludlow, a surgeon, for eight years from the age of 14.

The inactive form of the pathogen still has the antigens (protein markers) specific to that pathogen on their surface. Antibodies locate the pathogen and create the correct form of antibody to combat it. As it is inactive the person does not suffer the effects of this pathogen, but when an active form is encountered later the immune system is quicker to respond due to the fact that it now recognises those antigens.

Adaptive systems are ones that are continually changing to meet the demands of the environment. Non-adaptive systems do not change.

IgM is produced upon initial exposure to an antigen. For example, when a person receives the first tetanus vaccination, antitetanus antibodies of the IgM class are produced 10 to 14 days later. IgM is abundant in the blood.

Nails are NOT made out of cartilage. Nails are made out of keratin, the same structural component that makes up hair. Both keratin and cartilage are types of structural proteins, but they are not related.

vit k

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and anemia and that is severe, to make the levels drop so much