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James Cook
James Cook was a British explorer who achieved the first European contact with the Hawaiian Islands and the eastern coastline of Australia. He also holds the record for being the first person to circumnavigate New Zealand.
915 Questions
What date did Captain Cook die on?
Captain James Cook died on 14 February 1779 whilst visiting Hawaii on his return from his third major voyage.
Did James cook face any problems on his journey to antarctica?
yes, he had problems with his boat and also with health problems. He almost died because of an infection in his leg because of a antarctic soldiar trying to kill pirates near by with a toxic bomb.
Who made the first recorded sea voyage?
Ferdinand Magellan is generally credited with being the first explorer to circumnavigate the world.
How did Botany Bay get its name?
Botany Bay's original name, as given by James Cook, was "Stingray Harbour". However, it was later changed to "Botany Bay" because of the many new and unique plant species that Cook's botanists (Sir Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander) found, classified and catalogued there.
What year did Captain James Cook claim Australia for Britain?
James Cook claimed Australia for the British Crown on 22 August 1770. He landed at Possession Island in Torres Strait in order to make the formal claim.
Today: 8th of June 2011 Captain James Cook would be 183 years old!
What month did James Cook discover Australia?
James Cook did not discover Australia. However, he first landed on Australia's shores in April 1770.
The first non-Aboriginal people to visit Australia were the Malay and Indian traders, from the Indonesian islands. They collected sea slugs from the Australian coast to trade with china, where the slugs were a prized delicacy.
The Portuguese are believed to have discovered Australia in the 1500s, but all records of their visit/s have been lost.
Willem Jansz/Janszoon was a Dutchman who was seeking new trade routes and trade associates. He became the first recorded European to step foot on Australia's shores on the western shore of Cape York Peninsula, on 26 February 1606. However, he believed the Cape to be part of New Guinea, from whence he crossed the Arafura Sea, so Australia was not charted as a separate continent at that stage.
In 1616, Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog sailed too far whilst trying out Henderik Brouwer's recently discovered route from the Cape of Good Hope to Batavia, via the Roaring Forties. Reaching the western coast of Australia, he landed at Cape Inscription on 25 October 1616. His is the first known record of a European visiting Western Australia's shores.
The first Englishman to visit Australia was William Dampier, in 1688.
James Cook (not a captain at this stage) charted the eastern coast and claimed it in the name of the British in 1770, and for this reason, Cook is often wrongly credited with discovering Australia. Captain Cook was on a scientific expedition to observe the transit of Venus from Tahiti when he continued west, coming across New Zealand and then continuing on until he reached the Australian mainland and charted the Eastern coast. Cook was the first European to sight and chart the eastern coast of Australia, which he did between April and August 1770, naming the land New South Wales. He explored much of the eastern Australian coast on behalf of Britain, which was looking to found new colonies given the looming probable independence of the American colonies.
Who was the botanist who was on James Cook's ship?
Sir Joseph Banks was the English botanist who accompanied Cook on his voyage to Tahiti, New Zealand and Australia. While in Australia, Sir Joseph Banks, and the Swedish and Finnish botanists Daniel Solander and Dr Herman Spöring made the first major collection of Australian flora, describing many species new to science.
Banks was a passionate advocate of British settlement and colonisation of the Australian continent, as suggested by the name of Botany Bay. Banks is credited with the classification and description of eucalyptus, acacia, mimosa, and the genus named after him, Banksia. He is also the one who recommended that the new colony be established at Botany Bay.
What features of the east coast did James Cook believe made it suitable for colonization?
The eastern coast of Australia was/is characterised by bushland which indicated to Cook that it was fertile country, unlike the countryside that had been explored in the west to that date. There were numerous river mouths, indicating sufficient fresh water, and also large bays suitable for ships.
Why did captain cook get his sailors to eat sauerkraut?
One of the worst conditions to strike sailors on long voyages was scurvy. Scurvy was the result of insufficient vitamins, due largely to the lack of fresh food.
James Cook insisted his crew eat sauerkraut because it had Vitamin C, a vital component for warding off scurvy. Sauerkraut, or pickled cabbage, could be kept for a long period of time, yet retain its Vitamin C.
Who was in captain James cooks family?
Captain James Cook was killed on his third journey while returning to England in 1779. He had already visited the Sandwich Islands (now Hawaii) on his outward journey where, due to an unusual combination of circumstances, he was perceived to be a certain god returning from across the sea. The natives revered him and treated him exceptionally well, and when they saw him off, it was with all the ceremonial pomp they reserved for their most highly honoured gods.
Cook then returned to Hawaii on his return trip to England, but this was perhaps his biggest mistake. For a start, his 'god' persona was not supposed to return, and his return caused some suspicions among the natives that he was perhaps not who they had thought he was. In trying to recover one of the ship's boats, which had been stolen by Polynesian islanders, or possibly while they were trying to send his boats away from the island again, Cook was attacked and killed by the natives, using spears, on the beach at Kealakekua Bay in Hawaii. The date of Cook's death was 14 February 1779.
There are reports that he was cannibalised, but cannibalism was not actively practised in Hawaii at this time. It seems his body was prepared in an unusual ritual, which may have seemed like cannibalism to those of his crew who witnessed it. Because he had originally been regarded as a god by the natives, his heart was divided between tribal chiefs and eaten. his hands were stuffed with salt to preserve them, whilst many of his bones were placed around the island, given to other significant tribal chiefs. His remains were then returned to his crew in dignified fashion, with a cloak of white and black feathers, where they were placed in a small coffin and buried at sea.
Was james cook the first person to visit new Zealand?
Yes; James Cook is believed to be the first European to actually land on New Zealand soil. He was not, however, the first European to discover New Zealand - that was achieved by Abel Tasman in 1642.
How did James cook reflect the goals of European Imperialism?
James rediscovered and discovered so many cultures that people thought he was boss and couldn't defeat him.
Historians disagree on whether Cook was cannibalised or not.
There are reports that, upon Cook's death, he was cannibalised, but cannibalism was not actively practised in Hawaii at this time.
It seems his body was prepared in an unusual ritual, which may have seemed like cannibalism to those of his crew who witnessed it. Because he had originally been regarded as a god by the natives, his heart was divided between tribal chiefs and eaten. his hands were stuffed with salt to preserve them, whilst many of his bones were placed around the island, given to other significant tribal chiefs. What was left of his remains were then returned to his crew in dignified fashion, with a cloak of white and black feathers, where they were placed in a small coffin and buried at sea.
Did Captain Cook plant a flag on Australian soil?
James Cook did not raise the British flag on the mainland of Australia. He planted the flag on Possession Island in Torres Strait on 22 August 1770, claiming the eastern coastline of Australia for Great Britain.
Which parts of the world did James Cook explore?
James Cook did not "discover" any part of Australia. To discover the land suggests that no-one knew it existed, but this was not the case. The great continent was known to exist.
James Cook charted the eastern coast of Australia in 1770.
What did Captain James Cook do when he arrived in Australia?
Cook's original mission was to observe the transit of Venus from the vantage point of Tahiti. He made appropriate scientific observations of this event.
Cook was then under secret orders to try to find the great unknown southern continent, and claim it for Britain. In so doing, he charted the eastern coastline of what he called "New South Wales" (now Australia), making extensive notes on the people, flora, fauna and prospective suitability for colonisation, and reported back to England.
Why was Captain James Cook's middle name James?
Captain Cook was a captain and his full name was James Cook.
What was the impact to the world when captain Cook Found Australia?
Contrary to popular opinion, Cook did NOT discover Australia, nor New Zealand, but his journeys had implications for several reasons:
On his first journey, departing in 1768, he commanded the 'Endeavour' on an expedition to chart the transit of Venus. Cook went on to search for Terra Australis Incognita, the great continent which some believed to extend round the pole. He first came across New Zealand, which had already been discovered by Abel Tasman in 1642. He spent some months there, charting the coastline. Nearly a year later, he set sail east, becoming the first known European to sight the Eastern coast of Australia, in April 1770. He continued north, charting the coast in some detail, before returning a favourable report to England. It was this report which convinced the authorities to colonise the Australian continent with convicts.
On Cook's second journey which lasted from 1772-1775, he commanded the 'Resolution' and the 'Adventure' on an expedition to the South Pacific, disproving the rumour of a great southern continent, exploring the Antarctic Ocean, New Hebrides and New Caledonia.
On his third journey, commencing in 1776, Cook visited and named the Sandwich Islands, now known as Hawaii, and unsuccessfully sought a northwest passage along the coast of North America.
Captain James COOK, was approximately 6'2" or 184cm tall from all accounts and William Bligh's journal.
When did Father James Dixon come to Australia?
At the end of 1799, following his second trial on the charge of abetting the Irish Rebellion in 1798. He arrived in New South Wales on January 16, 1800.
What two lands did captain cook claim for Britain in 1770?
Captain James Cook claimed New South Wales (the eastern coast of the Australian continent) in 1770, but he claimed New Zealand in 1769.
"He refused to allow cursing and the use of profanity aboard his ships, and personally conducted divine services for his crew on Sundays. He also carried a Bible with him wherever he went, which he obviously put to good use as many of the places he discovered bear Biblical names."
What day date and year did Captain Willem Janszoon land in Australia?
On 26 February 1606, Willem Jansz/Janszoon became the first recorded European to step foot on Australia's shores at the Pennefather River, near where the Queensland town of Weipa now stands, on the western shore of Cape York Peninsula.
