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Light Bulbs and Artificial Lighting
Artificial lighting has become standard in the homes and companies of most countries. It is used for concert effects, growing food, and reading a book in bed at night.
2,482 Questions
What is the lumen output for a 100 watt fluorescent lamp?
10-11 lumens per watt for incandescent bulbs
13-14 lumens per watt for halogen
50-60 lumens per watt for fluorescent
Exactly how hazardous is it to break a fluorescent bulb and release the mercury inside it?
To my knowledge there is no non-toxic alternative to Mercury for fluorescent bulbs.I believe they should be sold in an air- tight, reasonably strong plastic container, which the dead bulb is put back into, and then put into a recycle bin. This would prevent it being broken,and they would then be separated at the recycling center and sent back to manufacturer, or recycled locally. They should not go into landfill. Mercury is very toxic and persistent.
Answer:
First off, the average CFT contains 4 mg Hg. Usually this is isolated from the environment and poses no problem and if recycled is no problem for its total life cycle. However if broken or trashed and broken can release the Hg vapour. By comparison the old 48" tube contains 10-25 mg Hg in vapour and liquid form.
The mercury is there because the vapour conducts electricity and in the process gives off ultraviolet (UV) light. The UV in turn excites the lining of the bulb to give off visible light
Lets talk about the "oops!" factor. What happens if you break one of the bulbs. The Hg is released into the immediate vicinity of your lungs and then ...
Some jurisdictions stop just short of having you call out the Hazmat team. However many of us remember playing with mercury as kids - lots of skin and respiratory exposure and we're apparently okay. Hg, by the way, attacks the central nervous system, and causes eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation. Don't forget our favourite Hg exposure victim - the Mad Hatter from Alice in Wonderland.
Our friends at the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) have established permissible exposure limit (PEL) for mercury vapor at 0.1 milligram per cubic meter (mg/m3) of air as a ceiling limit. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has a recommended exposure limit (REL) for mercury vapor of 0.05 mg/m3 as a time-weighted average (TWA) for up to a 10-hour workday and a 40-hour workweek. exposure. The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has assigned mercury vapor a threshold limit value (TLV) of 0.025 mg/m3 (25 ug/m3) as a TWA for a normal 8-hour workday and a 40-hour workweek.
On the bright side, the Hg does leave your body. It has a half life of about 1 month. So each month you have only half of what you stated with at the start of the month. The related problems are yours for much longer.
For serious occupational exposure consider the dentist. At the dentist's breathing zone, mercury vapour concentrations of ten times the current ACGIH occupational exposure limit of 25 μg/m3 have been recorded after 20 minutes of continuous aspirator operation. A build up of Hg amalgam contamination within the internal corrugated tubing of the aspirator was found to be the main source of mercury vapour emissions followed by particulate amalgam trapped within the vacuum motor. As the vacuum motor heated up with run time, mercury vapour emissions increased. It was found that the bacterial air exhaust filter (designed to clean the contaminated waste air entering the surgery) offered no protection to mercury vapour. In this case the filter trapped particulate amalgam which contributed to further mercury vapour contamination as high volume air was vented through it.
Now back to the dropped bulb. Assume the bulb releases all of its 4 mg into the air of your average room. Based on how quick the smell of burnt toast, cigarette smoke or intestinal gas permeates a room this rapid dilution seems reasonable. A room is about 2.5 m by 4 m by 3m (for ease of calculation) or about 30 m3 - immediate maximum concentration is therefore about 0.103 mg/m3, a bit above the maximum level of 0.1 mg/m3. Since the whole house or apartment gets the diluted air over time the 8 or 10 hour standard is probably reached - it would be a good idea to air the place out for the same duration as for burnt toast or Uncle Jack's gas.
Then sweep up the broken bits into a baggie and dispose with the trash.
Yes, Light dies because he get into trouble and gets shoot many times so his shinigami (Ryku) kills Light by writting down his name in his death note.
What is in a light bulb that lets it get hot and not catch fire?
Light bulbs have a tungsten filament (the spring-looking, metal substance in the center that lights up when electric current flows through it). Since tungsten has the highest melting point of any element, but can be shaped into a very thin filament, it is perfect for use in light bulbs. It can get hot enough to glow, but will not melt under normal conditions.
All of this is contained in a glass enclosure. Since glass is a good insulator, it helps to dissipate heat a little better than metal and other substances, in terms of touching it after it has been heated.
You can find them in light bulbs, flashlights and other forms of illumination.
If you are looking for LED light bulbs, CREE, PHILIPS, LITENZ are the companies that manufacture LED light bulbs using their own LEDs.
An incandescent lightbub can be dangerous if it breaks because the glass will shatter easily. There is nothing in the bulb itself that is considered dangerous. However, CFL lightbulbs contain toxic checmicals and are very dangerous if broken.
Where can you learn how to draw a cartoon light bulb?
You can learn how to draw a cartoon light bulb online at the YouTube website. Once on the page, type "Hw to draw a Lightbulb cartoon" into the search field at the top of the page and press enter to bring up the video guide.
How many light bulbs are in the Empire State Building?
The Empire State Building contains 3,194,547 light bulbs. so my house has like 55 light bulbs, what the hell. :P lol
What is the function of the Tungsten filament in a light bulb?
Because it has a very very high melting temperature: 6191F, 3422C. However it is also
very difficult to work with, so early light bulbs used carbon for making the filament instead.
Around the year 1900, carbon filaments were replaced with tantalum filaments. It was not
until about 1910 that it became practical to make tungsten filaments.
How do energy efficient light bulbs work?
Light bulbs always use energy. Therefore to save energy they should be switched off.
But certain types of bulb use much less energy than others:
Incandescent: 10 lumens per watt
Halogen: 13 lumens per watt
Fluorescent: 50-60 lumens per watt (cheap to buy)
LED: 50-70 lumens per watt (expensive to buy)
Can i use a 60w led instead of a 60w incandescent bulb in an outside post lamp?
You could but it would be extremely bright! An incandescent lamp of 60 watt is about 800 lumens And so a 10 watt LED lamp should be plenty big enough. If you want as much light as possible instead of energy saving then you can fit bigger wattage LED lamps. Also, because they run a lot cooler, you can often exceed the maximum (Incandescent) rating for the fitting.
What are the similarities between incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs?
They both produce light, they run on electricity, they're made out of glass and they contain argon under low pressure.
Fluorescent lights are better because they last longer and are more energy efficient! :)
-kelly.t (:
What can you use to cover a light bulb?
A electrical cord. If you have more questions go to Natalsiapatterson1@gmail.com
If your not interested in safety or wiring codes use the formula. E x I = Va(Watts without knowing Power Factor.) E is your voltage at the source (Breaker) 110v, 115v, 117v. I is 15amp the breaker is rated for.
X is your number of bulbs.
example. 110 x 15 = 60X : 60x = 1650 : 1650/60 = X Please do not attempt doing this hookup. % If your not interested in safety or wiring codes use the formula. E x I = Va(Watts without knowing Power Factor.) E is your voltage at the source (Breaker) 110v, 115v, 117v. I is 15amp the breaker is rated for.
X is your number of bulbs.
example. 110 x 15 = 60X : 60x = 1650 : 1650/60 = X Please do not attempt doing this hookup.
Where to buy the affordable but quality LED grow lighting?
LED grow Light is a kind of plant light, which uses the LED (light emitting diode) as the light source and is a lighting fixture using the light instead of sunlight to offer plant growth and development of environment. in accordance with the growth pattern of plants that must require sunlight, LED grow light provides the plants with photosynthesis and promotes plant growth and shortens the period of flowering and fruiting time so that increase productivity!
As far as your question is concerned，because LED grow light is a new type of lighting equipment, which are more emphasis on efficiency offering to the growth of the plants，the prices of LED grow light are generally much higher than that of ordinary LED lights, but there are some LED lighting suppliers providing LED plants light with excellent lighting effect and reasonable price!
I am a lighting designer engaged in the design and improvement of commercial indoor and outdoor lighting, we often deal with some lighting suppliers, some of which with competitive prices and excellent variety of LED lighting products meet our design concept which are green and energy and elegant, we have recently been working with a company based on excellent and environmentally friendly and affordable outdoor high power LED lighting and interior lighting，they have been developing and producing LED grow lighting， you can visit their website http://www.lead-lighting.com/products/bi... and http://www.lead-ledgrowlight.com/ for more information about LED plant lighting.
What machine was used to make light bulbs?
A machine is any device that uses energy to perform some activity.
Where does the gas in light bulbs come from?
Some light bulbs have gases added to them at the time of manufacture. Noble gases help to keep the electrode material from bonding to the envelope (the dark areas that build up near the ends of an aged fluorescent light bulb are causede by this effect).
Otherwise, gases enter a lightbulb's envelope via diffusion through the membrane or along the electrode / envelope interface.
How is light bulbs beneficial to humanity?
The light bulb would be beneficial to human life because as most know simply that humans can not live with out light. Also though it dose not make total sense to make the object considering there was always candles. The most obvious answer to myself though is that once some advanced technology came along, it made sense to have a better source or light considering that the candle is also not the bright source around. but in the end the real answer too the question would probably be to offer more light too humans during the darkest hours of the day.
Do you use horse hair in light bulbs?
No horse hair in light bulbs. Today's incandescent light bulbs feature a tungsten filament.
Since the filament must be heated to very high temperatures in order to glow, tungsten is the only fairly inexpensive metal with a high enough melting point to get the job done.
What are compact fluorescent light bulbs?
I am not aware of any inceased fire hazards associated with compact fluorescent lamps. As an electrical contractor I have installed hundreds without any safety issues. "Early failure" is usually the main complaint. They do get warm, but not as hot as regular incandescent lamps. No one seems to ask if the incandescent lamps are a fire hazard, but they can be. Any lamp that gets hot can be the source of ignition in certain rare cirumstances, such as if gasoline spills on the floor and the room fills will flammable vapors. Always use lamps and appliances that have a testing laboratory listing such as "UL" or "ETL" or "CSA" to ensure they have been tested for general safety in household use.
Where can one purchase led light bars?
LED light bars can usually be found in stores that sell lighting. Lowes, Home Depot and Menard's are stores that sell home improvement products and would likely carry LED light bars.
How many amps do 3- 40 watt light bulbs draw on 120v circuit?
3 x 100W = 300 W
4 x 75 W = 300 W
3 x 60 W = 180 W
4 x 25 W = 100 W
Total = 880 W
Power = E x I
I = Power / E = 880 / 120 = 71/3Amp
Assuming:
-- All bulbs are in parallel across the 120V
-- Every bulb is dissipating exactly its rated power
-- Power factor on the line is 1.0
What is the maximum voltage of incandescent light bulbs?
The maximum voltage of incandescent light bulbs is up to about three hundred volts. They can also go down as low as 1.5 volts. Incandescent light bulbs are the least efficient lighting system. More modern methods like flourescent lightbulbs are far more efficient.
