Linux

Chkconfig is a utility tool that is used in Linux operating systems to start or stop a program from automatically running when the system starts. You can also use the command to view or set up new services on your operating system.

The CHGRP command is used to change the ownership of a specific file or directory. More information about this command can be found on the IBM Help Index website.

description of guimode

they can be used in houses,lockers,banks,museum,jewellary shops. if anyone tries for theft a loud alarm will begin that will prevent theft.

The Linux logo, known as Tux, is a penguin character designed by Larry Ewing in 1996. The penguin was chosen as a mascot by Linux creator Linus Torvalds, who has a fondness for penguins. The name "Tux" is a play on " tuxedo," reflecting the penguin's black and white coloring. Tux has since become an iconic symbol of the Linux operating system and open-source community.

cp -i

mv -i

use the 'usermod' command, which exists on all unixes:

usermod -d /path/to/new/homedir/ username

Uptime is the length of time a system has been running continuously. If your server has not been rebooted in a month, you would have an uptime of about 30 days.

This is accomplished via two different commands; the sequence would be:

chown bob /etc/yearend

chgrp acctg /etc/yearend

No.

Any text editor can be used to edit the configuration file.

SUSE and Red Hat are the two most common. I just loaded SUSE 9.3 on my wireless laptop and it's solid. I'm not too fond of getting "the latest and greatest" since there are often problems associated. I had tried SUSE 10.3 and had a lot of problems so I found an older version. It worked great.

I don't know much about Red Hat except that it's also very popular so it must have something going for it.

Hmm... "fg" is a bash shell built-in command so I'm assuming you are referring to it. All it does is "resume" the referenced job (or task if you prefer) in the foreground of the shell thus making it the current job (or task). Of course, "fg" is only applicable to a job started with job control enabled.

In Unix and Linux shells that support job control, jobs may be suspended, moved to the background, moved to the foreground and suspended or paused jobs may be resumed. You could, I suppose, compare it to using a mouse to bring jobs into and out of focus on a GUI. I don't use GUIs a lot so I'm not sure how simple it is to suspend a job or task on a Windows system thus causing the task to cease being processed until it is resumed. It is trivial to do from within a bash shell however.

Also, job control in Unix/Linux shells is not restricted to bash, sh, ksh, csh and many if not most other shells support job control. [JMH]

If the perl script outputs to the standard output device, use the I/O redirection operators (>, >>, |) to redirect it somewhere else.

Yes.

Yes.

Linux is referred to as "open-source" precisely because it is. Open-source is the ability for anyone to view the code necessary to make the program. The Linux kernel, and most of the programs that are available for it, have their source code available, under a variety of licenses.

In UNIX, this is the "sticky bit"... if set on a directory, only the owner of the directory, the owner of the individual file, and the superuser are allowed to delete files created in that directory. If not set, anyone with write permission on the directory can delete or rename files in it.

it is a system that is traditional

These are separate and unrelated tasks. To check the version of the running kernel in Linux, use the command uname -r. To upgrade the kernel, either use your distro's package manager (if any) to update the system, or download and compile the Linux kernel source.

If processes run on nodes that have derailed so to speak or the tm.watched yk has been activated, the process is considered orphaned. The watch deamons are set to kill the orphan process on default.

I am assuming the question here is "what enables multitasking?"

That would be the kernel. The kernel has a component called the "process scheduler" which decides what program gets how much time on the CPU and, in the case of SMP, which core.

A CPU core can only run one process at a time. While multiple cores may enable a CPU to run more than one process at a time, a single core can still only do one thing at a time. One of the jobs of the kernel is to use interrupts to preempt a running process to decide what should run on a core next.

This usually happens under two conditions:

1. A process exhausts its timeslice or,

2. Most commonly, a process makes a system call, usually for I/O, which causes the process to preempt itself for system services.

This all happens so fast the user shouldn't notice it. What looks like 8-9 desktop applications running simultaneously on your desktop is actually processes taking turns very quickly on using the CPU.

mkdir testcopy