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Medieval Religion

Religion in the medieval period is frequently depicted as a "time of ignorance and superstition," defying reason and logic. While Christianity and its denominations made up the majority of medieval religion, Germanic paganism and Islam also existed.

956 Questions

What was a nuns daily routine in Medieval Europe?

Responsibilities for medieval nuns included:

  • spiritual advisors
  • ladies-in-waiting to Queens and Princesses, among other noblewomen
  • mortuary functions for Queens, princesses and noblewomen
  • medical duties, such asnurses in missionary hospitals
  • teachers
  • the usual churchly functions such as sacristan (supervisor of church housekeeping, specifically that of religious articles)

What are nuns jobs in the church?

Nuns are enrolled in religious orders with various Apostolates ( missions, in the sense of career paths) It used to be fairly evenly divided between the teaching apostolate and the Health-Care hospital apostolate. At one time about half the Nursing schools in the United States fell under Religious hospital staffing . ( This was not remotely true of any other professional calling). In Hudson County alone St. Francis Hospital and St.Mary"s were both o r occupational roles- some cloistered ( extremely limited contact with the outside world were involved in making religious articles , for example including Priestly vestments. There, were in a sense ( St. Zita convent was an example, Logistics sisters in charge of distributing religious articles to chapels on ships! This was rare, most sisters were either in the teaching or health-care roles.

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Catholic AnswerThe above answer refers to Sisters, not Nuns. Nuns are usually cloistered religious and always women bound by solemn vows. Their work usually is anything that they can do in their cloister. Thus, it is usually (aside from Choir and chapel, daily recitation of the Divine Office and Mass) farming, sewing, baking. Sisters (as opposed to nuns) are religious women in simple vows, perpetual vows, etc. (i.e. NOT solemn vows). Sisters are the ones that we commonly think of as we are most familiar with them, they can teach, nurse, help at the parish, etc. Their apostolate is usually determined by the founder, although, the Ursulines, for example, were started exclusively to teach poor, young, women. They have gone far from their original vocation.

Who canonized Thomas Becket?

It means that Rome has investigated his life thoroughly and the pope is declaring that he is indeed in Heaven.

What did a monastery look like?

Based on Hollywood movies a Buddhist monk is generally old and wizened, wrapped in a saffron robe with a bald head and usually sporting an inquisitive grin. Much like Yoda.

Lama Ole Nydahl (born March 19, 1941 near Copenhagen, Denmark) looks pretty much like a 60 something Dane in business casual clothes. The Dalai Lama looks like a Tibetan. My teacher was Korean, he wore a Do Bok, sweatsuit or business suit.

In brief, a Buddhist monk looks pretty much like the next person you meet or the face looking back from your mirror.

Why was religion important back in the medieval ages?

AnswerPilgrimage is to do with faith. People believe that if they visit the holy shrine of a saint or someone like that, they will be absolved of their sins (if they repent them of course). Faith back in the Middle Ages was very important. People had no other explanations for things, so they attributed everything amazing to sorcery or to the work of God. Life then was very hard, so it was very important to them to go to Heaven. People also believed pilgrimage could help sick relatives or friends. AnswerI know this is a lot but I hope its good enough for whoever want this answer:

Many things caused the rise of travel and pilgrimage. During the 12th and 13th century, Europe saw of frenzy of Cathedrals being built. Gothic cathedrals, with their endless details, are still some of the most beautiful human architecture today. In the middle ages, these would have been so awesome. In addition, the religion of the time endorsed a theology of association, causing people to relate saints or heroic actions with places and things. Unfortunately, this made people worship objects instead of God. But it greatly encouraged pilgrimage. People thought that by just visiting a relic, shrine, or famous battlefield, some of the holiness or cleansing would "rub off on them."

Also after sitting in one place for hundreds of years, people may have started to feel that they need to do somthing and the need to explore. This desire for adventure encouraged many to go on pilgrimages. Often, war, and particularly the crusades were forms of pilgrimage that many took part in. Often, the desire to go on the crusades was sparked by promises from the pope or other leaders - promises such as exemption from taxes, forgiveness, or holiness. Others went as an alternative to going to jail. The stories and items that people brought back from the crusades sparked further interest in travel, multiplying the effect. After a few hundred years, travel became as prevalent as it had been scarce before!

Because of the importance of pilgrimage and the theology of association, relics ran rampant. It's been said that if all the "splinters of the true cross" from the Middle Ages were gathered together, there would be enough timber to build Noah's Ark! Every local church would keep some relic or shrine of one of their earlier saints. People would visit these local sites, as well as historical sites, even battlefields. Of course, the ultimate pilgrimage destination was Jerusalem. Regaining Jerusalem was one of the reasons the crusades began. Unfortunately, all this luster of association led to the superficiality and hollowness of Roman Catholicism.

Going on a pilgrimage in the middle ages was not anything like one of our modern-day vacations. The venture took much longer, demanded much more physically, and could be quite dangerous. Roads were not kept up, and might be little more than paths. Because of this, many people used the caravan routes, which came with their own set of dangers - the traders could be pretty rough people! Taxes along the routes (often abused and quite adjustable, depending on the apparent affluence of the traveler) were deterrent to many travelers. Often, marauders and highwaymen would ambush traveling parties along major routes. Other dangers would have included the Muslims and Persians. These dangers led to tendency to travel in larger parties, for increased safety, and to lessen the likelihood of being taken advantage of. Much of the early literature of Europe was travel diaries or traveling stories told during pilgrimages, such as Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by pilgrims traveling together.

Pilgrimage led to many changes in Europe. The crusades, a form of pilgrimage, caused an awareness of eastern culture. Pilgrimage spread language, culture, and ideas. Since people usually stayed tied down to one occupation their whole life, guilds were formed, which were mutually beneficial to all members of a trade, but relied greatly on travel. A negative effect of Pilgrimage was the rise of pirates and highwaymen, who deceitfully gained from those going on pilgrimages. Many of the things that caused pilgrimage were also compounded by it, leading to more Cathedrals, and more relics and shrines. Communication became more important and quicker. Travel became important to higher education and knowledge and ideas were spread much more quickly. Without Pilgrimage, the development of the 2nd millennium would have been delayed.

Answerbecause people thought pilgrimage was a way to say sorry to God if they have commited a sin.

And the medicines were not very developed, by going to pilgrimage, they thought they could be cureed/ healed of their illness
A pilgramage would be a good wat to get to heaven in thev middle ages because it was a way giving up something for god and to show your way of getting to heaven

How did geography limit the success of the Crusades?

well,first of all the crusades had to travel huge distances just to reach the war. Many died along the way. Second, crusades weren't prepared to fight in the Palestines desert climate. Third the Christians were outnumbered by their well-led and organized Muslim foes, and fourth Christian leaders fought among themselves and planed poorly. so there you have it the reasons for their failure the Crusades just as they had started so many years before, whit the Holy Land under Muslim control.

What was the role of medieval monasteries in the middle ages?

Most monks were just people who devoted their lives to prayer and contemplation. They spent their time cleaning, cooking, growing food in the monastic gardens, or whatever else had to be done to support the monastery. They often took on the job of saying prayers for the dead or people in need.

Some monks specialized in writing manuscripts, and they copied such things as the Bible by hand.

Some monks specialized in the preparation of medical herbal remedies, or in growing the herbs for them.

Some tended the sick in special monasteries that had hospital care as part of their mission.

Some took care of travellers in inns run by monasteries, and the Knights Hospitaller were among these.

There were monks who were also knights who protected travellers on the roads, and the Knights Hospitaller were of this type.

There were a few monks who were anchorites or mendicants, who were pretty much alone.

How was Christianity a unifying force in the middle ages?

First Christianity was brought to each nation's kings. The king would convert from pagan to Christian. Once the king and his court were officially Christian then Christianity would be imposed upon the population. How it was unifying was that it was the only religion permitted within it's sphere of influence. Clergy would have close ties to royalty and noble. This would enable the kings of each country to impose it's will through the church. Likewise the church would influence the king who would impose law accordingly. Unification was never actually complete however. Kings fought kings and each would have their own bishops those bishops having direct communication with Rome. However often a king would not go to war without the pope's permission. Charles I (Charlemagne) was the first of many Holy Roman Emperors who imposed rule upon most but not all of Europe. He ruled with the blessing and cooperation of the pope. In a sense, the Holy Roman Emperors were the pope's enforcers. Bottom line in all of this is that if you were anyone or wanted to be someone or just plain wanted to remain alive you needed to be Christian.

How much money would a middle age bishop make?

Well the bishop (as in religion) doesn't get paid from by under standing he dose his work for the love of god and he wants to do it. I may be mistaken but i don't if i am talking about the right bishop but i think i am so that's all for now folks see ya!

What role did the Catholic Church play in Medieval society in Europe?

As Christianity was the core of medieval living, the Roman catholic church was the institution that people looked to for faith and as a way of life. Because the priests of the church were the only people that could read in the entire village, the only education they chose to provide was teachings from the bible about the Lord and how he wanted us to live and behave. They could chose what to read to the people, and nobody would know any different.

They taught the nobles, and created holidays. The medieval world revolved around the church and if you were excommunicated from it your life just about ended. Everyone was a believer in Christ and at some points in the medieval world the church was more powerful than the monarch. There is one famous legend where the pope actually excommunicated a monarch.

The church was the main power in the middle ages. Everyone was Catholic and it not only told the entire society how to think and behave, but also the kings.

When the Catholic Church came to Europe, most of the Europeans were not Catholic. So, when they came, large numbers of people became Catholic.

Where did Medieval priests live?

Priests lived in small houses near to their parish church, often with a small plot of land attached for growing vegetables or raising a few animals. Priests depended for their income entirely upon their parishioners, so in major centres of population priests would be quite well off.

In small rural parishes with fewer people (who were themselves generally poor), priests struggled and many lived in poverty and near to starvation.

The "deserted medieval village" of Wharram Percy in Yorkshire was mainly occupied between the 12th and 14th centuries, then abandoned. Its archaeology preserves the layout of a typical small medieval village, with only the church of St Martin still standing. The priest's house (called "parsonage" by the archaeologists) was just to the south of the church in its own small plot.

See link below for an image:

Why were serfs called serfs?

1st Answer:

The word "serf" is Latin for slave, so they were called serfs/slaves because that is what they were.

2nd Answer:

The Latin for slave is servus. A number of words are derived from it, including both serf and servant. A serf, however, was not a slave, but a person who was in a state of mutual obligation with a landlord, which included a legal obligation not to move away. Please see the link below.

What are some games in the middle ages?

This is an incomplete list of medieval games:

  • chess
  • checkers
  • dominoes
  • other dice games
  • card games, but probably not before the 13th century
  • tennis
  • handball
  • pall mall
  • golf
  • football
  • bowling, especially lawn bowling
  • billiards, especially lawn billiards
  • archery contests
  • jousting and other martial games
  • races of all sorts

There is a link below to a related question on sports, where more information and resource links can be found.

How did hildegard die?

Hildegard von Bingen died in 1179 at the age of 81; this was extremely old for people at that time and it is most likely that she simply died of old age. Her actual cause of death was not specified at the time, so any more detailed medical diagnosis is impossible to give.

What was the dominant religion in Europe during the Middle Ages?

The religion was mostly christianity, which is a faith based religion In the territory of the former Roman Empire in Europe, Christian (Catholic). In the territory of the former Byzantine Empire, Christian (Orthodox). In northern Europe, either Christian (Catholic) or pagan--and some parts were animistic (e.g. pre-Christian Finland). In the Islamic world, obviously Islam was the religion during the European Middle Ages (although this was a golden age for Islamic culture). Note that Spain and Portugal were Islamic during the Middle Ages. Later with the rise of the Ottoman Turks, Islam was also brought into Europe through the Balkans.

How was the Roman Catholic church organized during the Middle Ages?

The Christian Church, effectively the Church of Rome (though other churches existed), was the most powerful organization in Europe, prior to the Great Schism of 1054. After that, the Roman Catholic Church took that power in the West, and the Eastern Orthodox took it in the East.

The Church, in any case, was regarded by most people as the only route to salvation. Most people were probably very much in fear of damnation in Hell for all eternity. The Church provided guidance, discipline, and, to a large measure, support. The church started children off on the road to salvation by baptizing them, and it provided marriages and funerals, and anointed the sick, along with other sacrament's.

The Church had organizations to help the poor, protect travellers, especially pilgrims, and even intercede in disputes. A person who needed to hide, whether a battered spouse or a queen on the run for political reasons, or even sometimes a fugitive criminal, could often do so in a monastery or convent.

The Church had penalties it could use to influence even the most powerful kings and emperors. If the Church excommunicated a king, it often meant that the people who had sworn oaths of allegiance to him were freed of those oaths, and other kings were given licence to invade that king's country. Very few kings were interested in trying out what it was like to be excommunicated.

Why did Medieval Christians fear excommunication?

During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church was the supreme political and religious power in Europe. Even though it was sometimes invaded and had its lands annexed, the Church still had immense influence over the people of most European nations and thus rulers were ever cautious in how they appeared vis-a-vis the Church. To this end, the Church exercised excommunication as a last resort in spiritual and political conflicts. Excommunications were extremely powerful since they basically alienated the excommunicated person from all of society, which was basically Christian. As a result, the excommunicated person was often quick to repent. People were excommunicated for: * Apostasy * Heresy * Assault of a Church official * Attack on Church territories * An attack on another Christen monarch or land * Failure to enforce or recognize a papal mandate * Withholding Church funds * Convening a Church Council without papal approval * Ordination of a bishop without papal mandate

There were other reasons, but these suffice as an example. Often wars were started or diverted by whom the Church supported. Drawing an excommunication upon oneself was to be avoided, especially by rulers, since Christians were not obliged to follow an excommunicated sovereign and thus, if intransigent, a ruler could lose their entire kingdom.

What are the ranks of Pope?

The ranks of the Catholic Church are:

Episcopate

1. Pope

2. Patriachs

3. Major Archbishops

4. Cardinals

5. Primates

6. Metropolitans

7. Archbishops

8. Diocesan Bishop

9. Bishop

Presbyterate

10. Priest

11. Diocesan (Vicar General, Vicar Episcopal, Judical Vicar, Chancellor, Vice Chancellor, Priest)

12. Forane Vicars

13. Pastors

14. Parochial Vicars

Diaconate

15. Archdeacons

16. Subdeacons

Equals To Diocesan Bishops

-Latin Right

--Territorial Prelate

--Territorial Abbot

--Vicar Apostolic

--Prefect Apostolic

--Administrator Apostolic (Permanent)

-Additional

--Apostolic Exarch

--Military Ordinary

--Personal Prelate

--Apostolic Administrator

--Superior of Autonomous Mission

--Diocesan Administrator

What are 3 ways church influenced the lives of people in the middle ages?

three ways the church shaped medieval times was

- nobles could no longer control the monastery's affairs

-women could help the church

-Heresy spread the teachings on Roman Catholic

How where medieval priests treated?

They were treated with respect and it was illegal to hang a priest.

What did people believe about God and heaven and hell in the middle ages?

Medieval people thought that hell was bad place with demons and just bad things happening nobody wants to go to hell.
Everyone wanted to go to heaven that is the opposite to hell with nice things that's where Jesus lives and so does god.

What year were medieval monks around?

Monks were around for every single year of the Medieval Age. There were also monks in late Roman times, and there are still monks in modern times. Monks have been around for a good long while, and not all of them were Medieval. * The Medieval Age lasted from the 5th Century to the 15th.