Pulsars cannot be spinning white dwarfs because?
because of the great mass of the star, the gravity of it is very high. So after its death, it actually contracts so tightly that even protons and electrons combine to form neutron and thus results to a star called neutron star. If its previous mass is considerably low, then it could have become a white dwarf
What may happen to massive stars at the end of their cycles?
Massive stars may undergo a supernova explosion at the end of their cycle, leading to the formation of neutron stars or black holes. This explosive event releases a vast amount of energy and is responsible for seeding the surrounding space with heavy elements.
What is the difference between a nova a supernova and a hypernova?
A Nova [See Link] is a fusion reaction in the accretion layer (the superficial shell) of a white dwarf star, which is slowly stealing material from a companion in a binary system. In the case of an instability in the accretion disk itself, the event is called a dwarf nova.
This can occur once or many times. RS Ophiuchi has erupted in 1898, 1933, 1958, 1967, 1985, and 2006. It is in it's "quiet" phase at the moment, but will more than likely erupt again in the future.
If a nova accretes enough mass to pass the Chandrasekhar limit then the whole star will explode as a type I-a supernova.
A Supernova [See Link] is the catastrophic destructive event caused by the core collapse of a large star.
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The term "nova" is generically applied to exploding stars, but is more technically a flare-up of fusion activity on the outer surface of a white dwarf star. A "supernova" is a more extreme version involving the gravitational collapse of a very large star. In this process, the outer layers fall in on the star's core, then are violently blasted away.
A supernova is therefore the "death" of a star, as fusion will normally end afterward, leaving a neutron star or black hole. The explosion also creates a nebula of illuminated gas that is one of the most visible of all celestial phenomena.
The supernova process is caused by the exhaustion of nuclear "fuel" (lighter elements) within the star, so that the reactions are no longer able to resist the gravity trying to compress the solar mass into the core. The star collapses, causing the outer layers to violently explode outward as gases and dust. The remnant core may become a super- compressed neutron star or possibly a black hole.
(For details on "nova", see related questions and link.)
(For details on "supernova remains" see related question and link.)
In a supernova explosion, the core of the star typically, we believe (because we've never had an actual example to study) collapse into a black hole. There may be some cases in which the core is "only" compressed to neutron-star density, but our understanding of the mathematics of extreme gravity and pressure is a little weak around the edges there.
What kind of star is most likely to become a white-dwarf supernova?
A supernova is a star that has exploded into dust and gas.
A white-dwarf is a small, hot, dense star nearing the end of its life, that did not have enough mass to go supernova.
So the answer is "none".
What is happening inside a star while it expands into a subgiant?
When a Star is is undergoing nuclear Fusion, for example our Sun, at this moment it is Fusing Hydrogen to Helium, this creates outward thermal energy, but the gravity at the core stops the Sun from expanding, this is called equilibrium, where gravity is equal to outward force. However when the Sun runs out of Hydrogen, Nuclear Fusion will cease and the gravitational pull of the core will lessen, allowing for the sun to expand. Eventually the core will contract under its own gravitational pull and Bamb fusion will take place again. This time converting helium to carbon. Gravity will again be maintained and again equilibrium will be restored, though this time our sun will be Slightly bigger and cooler. This will go on and on over many cycles. Each time getting larger and cooler until fusion can no longer take place.
What are the unusual properties of neutron stars?
Neutron stars are incredibly dense, with masses greater than the Sun packed into a sphere only about 12 miles in diameter. They have intense magnetic fields and can spin rapidly, emitting periodic pulses of radiation, hence their classification as pulsars. Neutron stars are also believed to contain the densest form of matter in the universe, composed primarily of neutrons.
How is a super nova a disaster?
The word "disaster" comes from the Latin for "bad star"; like many people today, the Romans believed that the stars controlled the fates of people. When bad things happened, it was because an evil star - a "disaster" - had afflicted them.
Our Sun is too small to be destroyed in a supernova explosion, but if an intelligent race of aliens happened to be living on a planet whose star went supernova, it would indeed be a "disaster", an "evil star", that would incinerate their world.
Neutrons stars and black holes have meterial so dense a teaspoon weighs one ton?
Yes, a Neutron star is very dense and extremely heavy; however, a Blackhole isn't something that can be measured in any normal way. The nature of a Blackhole indicates it absorbs all energy and matter and in that regard it has no weight, at least not in the traditional sense.
To answer your question, you must first determine what processes yield heavier elements from lighter ones.
The Big Bang gave us the energy and basic material to begin fusion and form stars.
It is known that, beginning with hydrogen, fusion like that which goes on in our Sun will yield heavier and heavier elements while contributing heat energy exothermically. Once the fusion process reaches Iron, continued fusion begins absorbing heat rather than giving it off.
As a star undergoes its death-throes once its nuclear fuel is consumed, explosive emissions of heavy material are ejected in a violent process known as a supernova. In this explosive event, some materials undergo further fusion to elements heavier than Iron. With the previous information and this little revelation as to what happens in a supernova, can you surmise where gold came from?
Hint: It was not created from molten lava.
How do the lives of the most massive stars end?
Less massive stars end up as white dwarfs. More massive stars end up as a supernova or a neutron star or for the really massive stars...as a black hole.
As a star ends its time in the main sequence it either becomes a Red Giant and end its life as a White Dwarf or becomes a White Super Giant and ends its life in an explosion (supernova) and if it's really dense it becomes a neutron star or a black hole as mentioned above.
Why do white dwarfs not continue to contract as they cool?
White dwarfs do not continue to contract as they cool because of electron degeneracy pressure, a quantum mechanical effect that resists further compression. As they cool, the electrons occupy lower energy levels, resulting in a decrease in pressure and temperature, causing the white dwarf to gradually fade into a black dwarf.
Will all stars that become supernovae leave behind a neutron star?
Not all stars that undergo a supernova explosion will leave behind a neutron star. Depending on the mass of the star, the remnants could be a neutron star, a black hole, or in some cases, nothing at all if the explosion completely obliterates the star.
In what manner does an isolated white dwarf generate energy?
Low to medium mass Stars will become white dwarfs, where the mass is up to 8 solar masses (8 times the mass of our sun).
There are two types of white dwarf stars;
- low mass stars with a solar mass less than 0.5 will become helium white dwarfs. The temperature of these will not be high enough to fuse helium into carbon.
- low to medium stars with a solar mass between 0.5 and 8 will become Carbon-Oxygen white dwarfs.
Any star larger than 8 solar masses cannot become a white dwarf.
How long does a stellar nebula live for?
A stellar nebula can exist for millions to billions of years, depending on the size and mass of the nebula. These nebulae are the birthplaces of stars and can last until all the matter within them has been used up in the process of star formation.
What are shocks from supernovae?
Shocks from supernovae are abrupt changes in pressure and temperature caused by the explosion of a massive star. These shocks create powerful waves that propagate through the surrounding interstellar medium and can trigger the formation of new stars and influence the dynamics of gas and dust in galaxies. They also contribute to enriching the interstellar medium with heavy elements synthesized in the supernova explosion.
When will the world be absorbed by the sun?
In about 5 billion years, the sun will run out of fuel and expand to become a red giant. During this phase, it will engulf Mercury and Venus, and likely reach Earth's orbit. However, Earth may be destroyed before it is absorbed, depending on the sun's exact evolution.
What are all the heavenly bodies and the space between them?
Heavenly bodies include stars, planets, moons, comets, and asteroids, all of which exist in space. Space is a vacuum that contains these objects and is filled with interstellar gas and dust. The distance between these celestial bodies varies greatly, with vast expanses of emptiness separating them.
Nebulas are made primarily of hydrogen and helium gas. These elements were present in the early universe and are the building blocks of stars and galaxies. Other elements, such as carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, may also be present in smaller amounts.
What happened to a star in a nearby galaxy in 2012 supernova movie?
In the 2012 movie "Supernova," a massive star in a nearby galaxy is shown to be on the verge of a supernova explosion. This event threatens nearby planets and prompts a rescue mission by a spaceship crew to save potential survivors who are stranded on a mining colony.
Which is more accurate The Nebula Cloud theory or The Passing Star theory?
The Nebula Cloud theory is more widely accepted and supported by evidence compared to the Passing Star theory. The Nebula Cloud theory suggests that stars form within nebulas, while the Passing Star theory proposes that stars are formed by interactions with other stars.
What is the difference between a quasar and a pulsar?
Pulsars(short for PULSAting Radio Stars) are highly magnetized rotating neutron stars that emit a beam of electromagnetic radiation in the form of radio waves. Their observed rotational periods range from 1.4 ms to 8.5 seconds The radiation can only be observed when the beam is pointing towards the Earth. This is called the "lighthouse effect" and gives rise to the pulsed nature that gives pulsars their name. Because neutron stars are very dense objects, the rotation period and thus the interval between observed pulses are very regular. For some pulsars, the regularity of pulsation is as precise as an atomic clock. Pulsars are known to have planets orbiting them, as in the case of PSR B1257+12.
A quasar (contraction of QUASi-stellAR radio source) is an extremely powerful and distant active galactic nucleus. They were first identified as being high redshift sources of electromagnetic energy, including radio waves and visible light that were point-like, similar to stars, rather than extended sources similar to galaxies. While there was initially some controversy over the nature of these objects, there is now a scientific consensus that a quasar is a compact region 10-10000 Schwarzschild radii across surrounding the central supermassive black hole of a galaxy. It is a very large object at the centre of a very distant, and hence very old, galaxy. It has a mass of thousands or even millions of times that of our sun. As matter is dragged into it, it emits huge amounts of radio waves, but because it is so far away it appears to us as a point source - hence quasi stellar.
Will Altair soon become a supernova?
Highly unlikely in our lifetime. Altair is still on the main sequence and probably has a few billion years left on it. Even when it comes to the end of the main sequence, it may not have enough mass to become a supernova.