Nuclear Physics

The beta particle will alter the electromagnetic field of the atom. An electron will add to the electromagnetic charge if emitted, and subtract from, if it is absorbed. A positron will do the opposite. The atomic nucleus will also change. an electron can convert a neutron to a proton if emitted, and a proton to a neutron if absorbed. The positron, again, will do the opposite.

Sulfur is the group 16, period 3 chemical element. Thus, its electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4. Another way to write this is [Ne] 3s2 3p4 since the initial portion of the configuration is the same as neon's.

Uranium is most commonly used as a source of fuel for nuclear power plants. The products of nuclear fission reactions are used to produce many chemical reference materials and radioactive isotopes for cancer treatments, etc. While some nuclear power plants can be adapted to burn alternate fuels like plutonium and thorium, the switch from uranium fuels would be costly. Isotopes of uranium have also been used to accurately date the earth.

Picture two protons. They are pulled together by the strong nuclear force (as long as

they are within range to start with.) But the electromagnetic force pushes them away

from each other, because they both have the same positive electric charge.

There is a "strong nuclear force" that keeps it together. In larger atoms like uranium, this force is weaker and may break, resulting in fission.

If you found this helpful please click trust below

"Binding energy." Absorption of neutrons by heavy elements, and fission of those heavy elements into lighter "fragments". The "lighter fragements" have a greater net binding energy than the heavier elements did.

strong nuclear force.

The nucleus is held together by both the strong nuclear force and the weak nuclear force. The electron is bond to the nucleus by electro-static forces.

The Sun is an immense fusion reactor in space. It generates energy through nuclear fusion reactions at its core, converting hydrogen into helium and releasing vast amounts of energy in the process.

Neutrons are the particles that initiate a nuclear chain reaction by bombarding the nucleus of an atom, causing it to split and release more neutrons that can go on to bombard other nuclei and continue the reaction.

Electrons are not directly involved in the creation of alpha, beta, or gamma radiation. Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei (2 protons and 2 neutrons), beta radiation is made of electrons (beta-minus) or positrons (beta-plus), and gamma radiation is a high-energy electromagnetic radiation.

The moderator is there to slow down the neutrons produced by fission. These are produced with high energy, that is they move fast, but Uranium235 has a capture cross section much greater for slow neutrons, so they need to be slowed down to make the chain reaction more efficient. Graphite and heavy water are good moderators, and don't absorb too many neutrons, so they can be used even with natural (non-enriched) uranium. Normal water is not so good but it is ok if the uranium is enriched to about 4 percent U235.

An alpha particle is a type of particle that consists of two protons and two neutrons bound together. It is commonly represented as ( \text{He}^{2+} ), indicating that it is a helium ion with a charge of +2. Its symbol is ( \alpha ).

Carbon-14, a naturally occurring isotope of carbon in the atmosphere. After death, a living thing does not take in nutrients from the atmosphere and thus do not take in Carbon-14, thus the carbon-14 in their body start to diminish at a predictable rate. By measuring the amount of carbon-14 left in a dead matter, the time since death can be determined. Note that this method is only accurate up to 60,000 years old.

I currently use nuclear fusion.

The end result of beta- decay is that a neutron is converted into a proton, increasing the atomic number while keeping the atomic mass number the same.

The end result of beta+ decay is that a proton is converted into a neutron, decreasing the atomic number while keeping the atomic mass number the same.

The amount of energy released during nuclear fission reactions is primarily determined by the mass difference between the initial nucleus and the fission products. This mass difference is converted into energy according to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence principle (E=mc^2). Additionally, the way in which the fission process is initiated and controlled can also impact the amount of energy released.

It's possible to produce gold from other elements using highly complicated extremely expensive equipment. However: * It's produced in incredibly minute quantities; * It takes enormous amounts of power. The power costs alone are more than the gold is worth.

Alpha decay is a process where an atom emits an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Since a hydrogen atom only has one proton, it cannot undergo alpha decay as it lacks the necessary particle combination to release an alpha particle.

The element with atomic structure similar to an alpha particle is helium. An alpha particle consists of two protons and two neutrons, the same as the nucleus of a helium atom.

Yes. However, plasmas are usually very hot, and may destroy the solid. However, the equations of motion that govern them are similar to those for liquids, so the solid can pass through the plasma in a way similar but not the same as a liquid.

The energetic particles (either electrons, neutrons, or helium nuclei containing two protons and two neutrons) are absorbed by other nearby atoms. This may cause those atoms to break down and radiate other particles. Then eventual end result is always heat.

Eating uranium is a bad idea, as you probably guessed. Fortunately for people, most uranium that is ingested will pass relatively quickly through the digestive tract, but some may be absorbed. Absorbed uranium poses a hazard, and the amount of uranium ingested would have to be quantified to make an assessment. Breathing uranium, which is a separate issue, is much more hazardous.

There will be variations in the amounts of uranium absorbed by the body that will depend on whether the ingested material is uranium metal or whether it is a compound of this actinide. Organic compounds will be absorbed more readily than, say, uranium oxide. Further, the uranium that gets uptaken may be deposited in the bones, the liver or other places.

The long term effect of absorbed uranium is that is may be in someone for a while and present a radiation hazard. We know that uranium is radioactive, though weakly. If uranium is deposited in tissue, it may stay there for a while. Radioactive decay will leave decay products, which are also radioactive, stuck within the affected tissue. Anyone who "takes in" uranium may be in store for some body scans to assess damage and what risks the future may hold. It is a challenge to quantify the amount of uranium that a person may have within him, and medical assessment will depend on a good workup.

Sausage is not inherently radioactive. The level of radioactivity in food depends on various factors like where it was produced and processed. It is highly unlikely for sausage to be radioactive unless it has been exposed to radiation intentionally for preservation.