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Organizations
An organization is a group of people that pursues a common goal. There are various legal types of organizations, including governments, corporations, international organizations, armed forces, non-profit organizations, charities, cooperatives, partnerships, and universities.
2,521 Questions
What is the meaning of denotification?
A denotification is a legal document, most usually used by government, to cancel a previous notification that had been issued, i.e. a notification by a city of the intent to acquire land, followed by a denotification.
What is the psychological or sociological needs met by conspiracy theories?
Roughly the same that are met by religion. The need to explain that which the observer does not yet have the capacity to rationalize, and the need to place blame for the world's ills on a fixed target. Basically, to oversimplify the complex.
Why do people use defense mechanism?
People use defense mechanisms as a way to protect themselves from unpleasant emotions, thoughts, or situations. These mechanisms work unconsciously to reduce anxiety and maintain self-esteem by distorting reality or suppressing emotions. While they can be helpful in the short term, relying on defense mechanisms too often can hinder personal growth and interpersonal relationships.
What is the difference between morale and moral?
Morale refers to the enthusiasm and confidence of a group, often in relation to their work or tasks. Moral, on the other hand, relates to principles of right and wrong behavior.
What are the two different philosophies about correctional organizations?
One philosophy emphasizes punishment and retribution, focusing on the enforcement of consequences for criminal behavior through incarceration. The other philosophy focuses on rehabilitation and reintegration, aiming to address the root causes of criminal behavior and support individuals in making positive changes to prevent future offenses.
State how attitude affect behavior?
Attitude can influence behavior by shaping our thoughts, emotions, and actions. If we have a positive attitude towards something, we are more likely to engage in behaviors that support or align with that attitude. Conversely, a negative attitude can result in actions that are inconsistent or opposed to that attitude.
Decision and control theory states that the function of the organization is to make decisions under conditions of uncertainty and risk and under the constraint of bounded rationality. The theory holds that managers never have complete information and knowledge, and they can never examine all alternatives even though they would like to. Organizations are decision-making structures, arranged so as to reduce uncertainty and to ensure survival. Organizations must centralize decision making because they have the information needed to make decisions. Middle management is necessary to gather information, analyze it and pass it up to senior managers. Information technology could change this rigid structure by lowering the costs of information acquisition and broadening the distribution of information. IT could bring information directly from operating units to senior managers, thereby eliminating middle mangers and their clerical support workers and centralizing decision making further. Alternatively, IT could distribute information to lower-level workers who could then make their own decisions based on their own knowledge and information without management intervention.
Sociological theoryfocuses on the growth of hierarchical, bureaucratic structures and standard operating procedures as primary coping tools for organizations trying to cope in unstable environments. Organizations hone and refine SOPs until they become extremely efficient. However, organizations find it nearly impossible to change routines when their environment changes. This theory states that information technology has little independent power to transform organizations. Managers are always looking for better ways to implement existing rules and SOPs but will reject IT if it threatens existing routines or subunits. Over time, IT becomes just another hard-to-change SOP. From this perspective, people and organizations control the impact of systems in their own interests. Change will come about because new organizations form around new technologies, and they are able to incorporate the new technologies in their SOPs.
Post-industrial theory states that advanced industrial countries have entered a new kind of post-industrial economy where the service sector dominates and industrial manufacturing is shifted to low-wage countries. According to this theory, the transformation to a post-industrial society results in authority relying more on knowledge and competence and less on mere formal position. Organizations will flatten because professional workers tend to be self-managing. Decision making should become more decentralized as knowledge and information become more widespread. Information technology should lead to "task force" networked organizations in which groups of professionals come together (face-to-face or electronically) for short periods of time to accomplish a specific task. Managers are reduced. Organizations will look more like adhocracies. Under this scenario, the work will be business process oriented and IT will contribute to these processes by automating parts of them and making them more efficient.
Cultural theoriesargue that IT must fit into the organization's culture or they are unlikely to be adopted. Organizations work within basic assumptions that are rarely challenged. Culture only really changes when organizations supporting them die off or when radical fringe groups gain control and shift cultural assumptions. IT can either threaten or support organizational culture.
Political theoriesdivide organizations into specialized subgroups (e.g. marketing, accounting, production). These groups have different values, and they compete for resources, producing competition and conflict. Information systems are the outcome of political competition between organizational subgroups for influence over the policies, procedures and resources of the organization. IT is bound up with organizational politics because it influences access to information which is a key resource in the political competition.
Low morale is a state of dissatisfaction, disengagement, and demotivation among employees within an organization. It can result from factors such as poor communication, lack of recognition, unclear expectations, and excessive workload, leading to reduced productivity and performance. Addressing low morale is important to maintain a positive work environment and prevent turnover.
What is an example of teleology?
An example of teleology is the belief that a plant grows towards the sun in order to maximize its exposure to sunlight for photosynthesis, suggesting that the plant has a purpose or goal in its behavior.
Five factors of influence individual behavior at work especially important to the leader?
Answer
- The philosophy and standards of the organization.
- The leadership style of supervisors and management.
- How meaningful, important, and/or challenging the work for the workers.
- How the individual fits with their coworkers.
- Personal characteristics of the worker such as abilities, interests, values, expectations, and especially their aptitude for the job.
Was Charles Darwin left handed?
There is no definitive information to suggest that Charles Darwin was left-handed.
What are the functions of listening?
Listening is a way of learning about the world around you. If you listen and pay attention, you can learn many things besides information and schoolwork. You can tell what other animals are nearby. You can hear danger coming or hear a friend in the distance. You can even hear your own heart beating if you are quiet enough.
Why do you use questionnaires?
A questionaire is an important tool in public opinion research. If you get a representative number of people to answer the same question or questions then you can make a judgment of what most people think. This information can be used to plot trends & changes in public perception. Tt has uses in marketing & political research. How the questions are phrased may make a big difference to the resulting results.
What is organization behavior?
Organizational behavior refers to the study of individuals and their behavior in a workplace setting. This is also an interdisciplinary field which includes psychology, sociology and management.
The first modern approach is,
Partenering
Partnering -> Clearly understand and anticipate customer's need and as partner have moved from pure selling to mutually supporting role
Team selling -> Salespeople are expected to exceed their customers expectation. Must go beyond selling products and provide value added services for
Value Added Selling -> - For large customers with complex need, salespeople MUST work with other colleagues to provide coordinated approach. Conventional independent sales approaches do not meet large, complex purchasing requirements
Consultive Selling -> - Act as consultants, problem solver and MUST adapt their product or services to specific needs of customer
What is the definition of low moral?
Low moral refers to a lack of ethical principles or standards, often resulting in behavior that is considered unethical or immoral by society. It can involve actions that prioritize self-interest over the well-being of others or demonstrate a disregard for basic human values.
When was Society to Encourage Studies at Home created?
Society to Encourage Studies at Home was created in 1873 by Emily Davies and Barbara Bodichon in the United Kingdom. Its aim was to provide educational opportunities for women who were not able to attend traditional universities.
What 3 cities did gangs form most in?
Mostly everywhere but they are usually found in big cities like Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York.
Which gang is bigger the Mexican mafia or nuestra familia?
Mexican Mafia itself only has about 300 maybe 500 members at the most & for a gang that's really low numbers, their numbers come in from the gangs that work under them. Surenos. Eighteen Street & MS-13 are gangs that work under Mexican Mafia. As far as Nuestra Familia they don't exist anymore most of the gangs that used to be under them have either joined the Bloods or are defunct.
How many people are killed by gang violence each year?
In the US, around 16,000 homicides are committed each year, with a percentage of those attributed to gang violence. Globally, precise numbers vary but in places with high gang activity, the number of deaths caused by gang violence can be significant.
Where does the name Latin kings come from?
The name "Latin Kings" is derived from the Latin Kings Manifesto, a written set of beliefs and goals of the Chicago youth gang that was formed in the 1940s. The use of the term "Latin" reflects the group's identification with Latin American heritage and culture.
What is stronger latin kings or bloods?
It is difficult to determine which gang is stronger as it can vary based on location, numbers, and influence. Both the Latin Kings and Bloods are large and influential gangs with their own histories and territories.
Why are community centers important?
Community centers are important because they provide a space for people to gather, socialize, and engage in various activities. They offer resources and support for community members, promote community cohesion, and help address social issues by providing a hub for educational, recreational, and cultural programs.
What percent of household trash can be recycled?
About 70% of trash that is thrown out could have been recycled?
What is the average age of gang members?
The early adolescent years (11-14 years of age) are a crucial time when youths are exposed to gangs and may consider joining a gang. The average age of gang members is from 14 to 21 years of age. Gang members, however, can be as young as 8 years old or as old as into their mid 30's.
