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Plays

Plays are forms of literature written by playwrights for theatrical performances. These are written with dialogs between characters in a variety of genres – tragedy, historical, satire, comedy or farce. Among the famous plays is William Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet.”

2,548 Questions

How will Iago's advice to Cassio work in Iago's favor?

Iago advises Cassio to ask Desdemona to plead on his behalf. This will help Iago poison Othello's mind, as Desdemona will appear to be doing so out of her (illicit) love for Cassio.

What does Antony say to brutus after his death?

Nothing. Brutus is dead, and any conversation with him would be very one-sided. Antony talks instead to Octavian and Messala who are standing by.

What advice does Iago give the overwhelmed Othello?

When Othello is overcome with grief after hearing rumours of his wife, Desdemona, committing adultery, Iago tells him to seek revenge. Othello is convinced that she has hurt his honour and his good name therefore following Iago's advice. Othello suggests poisoning her so he would not soil her beauty (as Othello is battling with himself because he still loves Desdemona) but Iago suggests a far more ironic way of murder. To smother her in the bedsheets in which she committed the offence.

What does By a name you know not how to tell thee who you are your name dear saint is hateful to yourself because it is an enemy to thee Had you it written you would tear the wordmean in modern englis?

By a name, I know not how to tell thee who I am.

If, in order to tell you "who I am", I have to give you my name...I'd rather not.

My name, dear Saint,

If I were to tell you my name, Pretty Girl (who was dressed up as a saint at that costume party we were both just at),

Is hateful to myself, because it is an enemy to thee.

You wouldn't like it* . And because you wouldn't like my name, I don't like my name either.

Had I it written, I would tear the word.

If I had a piece of paper with my name on it, I would rip it up. I would pretend that my name was gone, and my family was gone, and then we could get married.

*Juliet has been talking about how she has a huge crush on Romeo. BUT she wishes she didn't have the name Romeo Montague, because her parents will never let her marry a boy named Montague. Romeo heard all this, and so he talks about how Juliet hates his name.

What are the themes in willy russells blood brothers?

The main theme in Blood Brothers is the differences in class i.e. Mrs Johnstone and Mickey being from a not so rich background and mrs lyons with loads of cash!!!

Class

Violence

Superstition/Religion

Parenting & Family Values

In the book Julius Caesar what two things didn't Cassius realize when he killed himself?

In "Julius Caesar, Cassius believes he sent Titinus to his death and that Brutus' army has gone down in defeat. He commands his servant to kill him. In actuality, Titinus had met with Brutus's army and that army had not gone down to defeat. Therefore, his death was in vain.

What stock character is Beatrice in A Servant to Two Masters?

Plot synopsisThe play opens with the introduction of Beatrice, a woman who has traveled to Venice disguised as her dead brother in search of the man who killed him: her lover, Florindo!! Her brother forbade her to marry Florindo, and died defending her honor. Beatrice disguises herself as him so that she can collect dowry money from Pantalone, the father of Clarice, her brother's betrothed. She wants to use this money to help her lover escape, and to allow them to finally wed. But thinking that Beatrice's brother was dead, Clarice has fallen in love with another man, Silvio, and the two have become engaged. Interested in keeping up appearances, Pantalone tries to conceal the existence of each from the other.

Beatrice's servant, the exceptionally quirky and comical Truffaldino, is the central figure of this play. He is always complaining of an empty stomach, and always trying to fulfill his hunger by eating everything and anything in sight. In one famous scene, it is implied that he eats Beatrice's beloved cat. When the opportunity presents itself to be servant to another master (Florindo, as it happens) he sees the opportunity for an extra dinner.

As Truffaldino runs around Venice trying to fill the orders of two masters, he is almost uncovered several times, especially because other characters repeatedly hand him letters, money, etc. and say simply "this is for your master" without specifying which one. To make matters worse, the stress causes him to develop a temporary stutter, which only arouses more problems and suspicion among his masters. To further complicate matters, Beatrice and Florindo are staying in the same hotel, and are searching for each other.

In the end, with Clarice's and Smeraldina's (Pantalone's feisty servant, who is smitten with Truffaldino) help, Beatrice and Florindo finally find each other, and with Beatrice exposed as a woman, Clarice is allowed to marry Silvio. The last matter up for discussion is whether Truffaldino and Smeraldina can get married, which at last exposes Truffaldino's having played both sides all along. However, as everyone has just decided to get married, Truffaldino is forgiven. Truffaldino asks Smeraldina to marry him.

The most famous set-piece of the play is the scene in which a starving Truffaldino tries to serve a banquet to the entourages of both his masters without either group becoming aware of the other, while desperately trying to satisfy his own hunger at the same time.

ThemesOne of the main themes of this play is found in the character development of Truffaldino. As mentioned above, he is always hungry. That is his action: it is what he wants in the play. Yet, the play does not end when he finally gets a meal and a full belly; it ends with a kiss shared between him and Smeraldina. Truffaldino, it is implied, was hungry for love. CharacterizationThe characters of the play are taken from the Italian Renaissance theatre style Commedia dell'arte. In classic commedia tradition, an actor learns a stock character (usually accentuated by amask) and plays it to perfection throughout his career. The actors had a list of possible scenarios, each with a very basic plot, called a canovaccio, and throughout would perform physical-comedy acts known as lazzis and the dialogue was improvised.[1] CharactersThe characters from 'A Servant to Two Masters' are derived from "stock characters" used incommedia dell'arte. True commedia dell'arte is more or less improvised without a script, so Servant of Two Masters is not true commedia. The stock characters were used as guides for the actors improvising.

Pantalone: The old, rich, lecherous man with a single motive of money.

"In Servant to two Masters", 'Pantaloon' originates in 'Pantalone'.

A zanni is a tricky servant, in "A Servant to Two Masters", 'Truffaldino' is the 'zanni'.

Brighella is the only character whose stereotype has not been translated to the play. In this play, Brighella can be played in several different ways, all of which are open to interpretation. Most commonly, he's portrayed as the 'jolly, enterprising servant' or something of a Jack Falstaff-esque character.

The other characters have all been taken from the stock characters of commedia dell'arte:

  • Florindo = Capitano
  • Smeraldina = Columbina
  • Il Dottore = Doctor Lombardi
  • The Lovers = Silvio and Clarice - Florindo and Beatrice
  • Brighella = See above
Performance historyGoldoni originally wrote the play in 1745 at the request of actor Antonio Sacco, one of the great Truffaldinos in history. Goldoni's earliest drafts had large sections that were reserved for improvisation, but he revised it in 1753 in the version that exists today[2].

One of the most successful recent production was of Lee Hall's translation by the Young Vic(2000), for which Jason Watkins received an Olivier Award nomination for his performance as Truffaldino. Other notable English adaptations have been written by Edward J. Dent, Tom Cone for the Stratford Festival, and Jon Mullich which set the action of the play in Prohibition-era Chicago(with the famous banquet scene taking place in a speakeasy)[3]. The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee's production in 1974 was chosen as one of the ten best productions in the country, and was performed at the American College Theater Festival in Washington, DC, where the entire cast emerged from a single Volkswagon that drove onto the stage at the start of the play. A classicCommedia dell'arte production was memorably staged by the International City Theatre in Long Beach, California in 2001 and Treat Williams once played Truffaldino at the Cincinnati Playhouse.

Servant of Two Masters was also performed at the Colorado State Thespian Conference at theWells Fargo Theatre in Denver, Colorado on December 10, 2010. Because the audience was comprised mostly of High School Theatre Students, the actors decided to poke fun at the goings on backstage. Also, the director would storm onstage to berate the actors and explain the at times complicated plot.[4][5]

AdaptationsThere have been several adaptations of the play, for the cinema and for the theatre:
  • Harlekijn, kies je meester (1973) (TV)[6] - a 1973 Dutch adaptation.
  • Truffaldino iz Bergamo (Truffaldino from Bergamo)(1976) (TV)[7] - a 1976 Russian TV movie adaptation.
  • Sluga dvukh gospod (Servant of Two Masters)(1953)[8] - a 1953 Russian adaptation.
  • Sluha dvou pánů (Servant of Two Masters) (1994) ČSFD.com - 1994-present day, Czech theatrical adaptation in National Theatre, Prague. Main role impersonated Miroslav Donutil.
  • A translation and adaptation by Jeffrey Hatcher and Paolo Landi was give its première at Milwaukee Rep in 1999[9] and published in 2004.[10]
  • Parson's Nose Productions, a professional classical theater in Los Angeles, produced Lance Davis' one hour adaptation of "Servant of Two Masters" at the Geffen Playhouse and Pasadena Playhouse in 2004.
  • The Oregon Shakespeare Festival adapted SERVANT to massive acclaim in its 2009 season.
ProductionsOregon Shakespeare Festival
  • Directed by Tracy Young. The play watching in 25 March - 1 November.
  • Truffaldino .... T
  • Pantalone de Bisognosi .... David Kelly
  • Dottore Lombardi .... Richard Howard
  • Silvio Lombardi .... Juan Rivera LeBron
  • Florindo Arestusi .... Elijah Alexander
  • Brighella .... Eileen DeSandre
  • Beatrice Rasponi .... Kate Mulligan
  • Clarice .... Kjerstine Rose Anderson
  • Smeraldina .... Elisa Bocanegra
  • Waiter, Porter (Bob) .... Todd Bjurstrom
  • Waiter, Porter (Jim) .... B. Trevor Hill
  • Waiter, Porter (Steve) .... Samuel D. Dinkowitz
Stavovské divadlo, Prague
  • Directed by Ivan Rajmont. The play had premiere at 22 September 1994 in National Theatre, Prague. They playing sixteen years (1994-2010).
  • Truffaldino ..... Miroslav Donutil
  • Pantalone de Bisognosi .... Karel Pospíšil
  • Dottore Lombardi .... Petr Pelzer, Oldřich Vlček
  • Silvio Lombardi .... Jan Bidlas, Vilém Udatný
  • Florindo Aretusi .... Alexej Pyško, Jan Hájek
  • Brighella .... Jan Novotný
  • Beatrice Rasponi .... Miluše Šplechtová, Antonie Talacková
  • Clarice .... Jana Janěková ml., Kristýna Hrušínská
  • Smeraldina .... Hana Igonda Ševčíková, Jaromíra Mílová
  • Waiter .... Milan Stehlík, Rudolf Stärz, Filip Rajmont
Slezské divadlo, Opava
  • Directed by Patrik Bořecký. Translated by Jaroslav Pokorný. The play had premiere at 7 November 2004 in Silesian Theatre, Opava.
  • Truffaldino .... Petr Vaněk
  • Pantalone de Bisognosi ..... Kostas Zerdaloglu
  • Dottore Lombardi .... Martin Táborský
  • Silvio Lombardi .... Zdeněk Jorda
  • Florindo Aretusi .... Jakub Stránský
  • Brighella .... Marek Šunc
  • Beatrice Rasponi .... Sabina Figarová, Kamila Srubková
  • Clarice .... Veronika Senci, Blanka Fišerová
  • Smeraldina .... Jana Epikaridis, Hana Vaňková
  • Waiter, Porter .... Petr Klimeš
Russian Theatre
  • Russian title is Sluga dvukh gospod.
  • Truffaldino .... Konstantin Raykin
  • Pantalone de Bisognosi .... Lev Petropavlovskiy
  • Dottore Lombardi .... Igor Sorkin
  • Silvio Lombardi .... Viktor Krivonos
  • Florindo Aretusi .... Viktor Kostetskiy
  • Brighella .... Aleksandr Bereznyak
  • Beatrice Rasponi .... Valentina Kosobutskaya
  • Clarice .... Yelena Driatskaya
  • Smeraldina ..... Natalya Gundareva
  • Captain .... Yevgeniy Tilicheyev
Městské divadlo, Brno
  • Directed by Zdeněk Černín. The play had premiere at 23 September 2000 in City Theatre,Brno. 145. repeats.
  • Truffaldino .... Martin Havelka
  • Pantalone de Bisognosi .... Ladislav Kolář
  • Dottore Lombardi .... Zdeněk Junák
  • Silvio Lombardi .... Michal Nevěčný
  • Florindo Aretusi .... Patrik Bořecký
  • Brighella .... Zdena Herfortová
  • Beatrice Rasponi .... Evelina Kachlířová
  • Clarice .... Pavla Ptáčková-Vitázková
  • Smeraldina .... Irena Konvalinková
Dorse House Theatre
  • Directed by . The play had premiere in July, 2003.
  • Truffaldino ....
  • Pantalone ....
  • Doctor Lombardi ....
  • Brighella ....
  • Silvio ....
  • Florindo Aretusi ....
  • Clarice ....
  • Smeraldina ....
  • Beatrice Rasponi ....

Waterbury, Connecticut Waterbury Arts Magnet School Directed By Mr.Shulte

Notes
  1. ↑ Anna Maria Testaverde (2007) Introduzione a I canovacci della Commedia dell'Arte [1]
  2. ↑ Banham (1998, 433).
  3. ↑ ReviewPlays.com, "The Servant of Two Masters"
  4. ↑ "Conference Schedule (page 8)".
  5. ↑ "Pomona to serve up Servant at Thespian Conference".
  6. ↑ IMDb.com
  7. ↑ IMDb.com
  8. ↑ IMDb.com
  9. ↑ paololandi.it
  10. ↑ Barnes and Noble
References
  • Banham, Martin, ed. 1998. The Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521434378.
External links
  • Photos of a production of The Servant of Two Masters
  • Oregon Shakespeare Festival Website
  • National Theatre in Prague
  • Showcase from year 2000
  • Czechoslovak Film Database from Prague's record
  • Silesian Theatre Website
  • City Theatre Website

Why does lago hate the Moor?

Iago hates the moor so much because Othello gave Cassio the place of lieutenant and Iago believes that he should have been given that place instead of inexperienced Cassio.

Are Rosencrantz and Guildenstern willing spies for Claudius and Gertrude in the play Hamlet?

This is open for interpretation, as much of the Hamletplay is. One can assume that it could have been for the glory and reward that they may have expected from the King and Queen.

Why is it suprising that theseus and hippolyta are getting married?

In the Shakespeare play, a Midsummer Night's Dream, when we first see Theseus the first words out of his mouth are "our nuptual hour draws on apace". Now when a man walks on stage and the first thing he says is, "Hippolyta, we're getting married soon." how can this possibly be a surprise? We don't know who this man is or anything about him beforehand, and it is not inherently surprising that someone should be getting married.

If he said it in Act three, after we find out that he's already married, or he's a monk, or he's gay or something, then we might be surprised by this announcement. Likewise, if he said "Hippolyta, I have three legs", or, "Hippolyta, I was born on the moon" a little surprise might be expected. But this is not surprising.

It's not even surprising if you know the Greek myth, since it is part of the mythology that Theseus does marry Hippolyta.

Women in Othello?

Women in Othello are:

Desdemona- Othello's wife

Emilia- Iago's wife and Desdemona's companion

Bianca- loves Cassio

What request does Brutus make of Clitus?

The same one he made to Dardanius.

Clitus: What ill request did Brutus make of thee?

Dardanius: To kill him, Clitus.

What story does Cassius tell Brutus?

He tells Brutus a story in which he & Caesar were holding a swimming contest across the Tiber river, & Caesar starts to drown.

The story from the text is as follows::

For once, upon a raw and gusty day,
The troubled Tiber chafing with her shores,
Caesar said to me 'Darest thou, Cassius, now
Leap in with me into this angry flood,
And swim to yonder point?' Upon the word,
Accoutred as I was, I plunged in
And bade him follow; so indeed he did.
The torrent roar'd, and we did buffet it
With lusty sinews, throwing it aside
And stemming it with hearts of controversy;
But ere we could arrive the point proposed,
Caesar cried 'Help me, Cassius, or I sink!'
I, as Aeneas, our great ancestor,
Did from the flames of Troy upon his shoulder
The old Anchises bear, so from the waves of Tiber
Did I the tired Caesar. And this man
Is now become a god, and Cassius is
A wretched creature and must bend his body,
If Caesar carelessly but nod on him.
He had a fever when he was in Spain,
And when the fit was on him, I did mark
How he did shake: 'tis true, this god did shake;
His coward lips did from their colour fly,
And that same eye whose bend doth awe the world
Did lose his lustre: I did hear him groan:
Ay, and that tongue of his that bade the Romans
Mark him and write his speeches in their books,
Alas, it cried 'Give me some drink, Titinius,'
As a sick girl. Ye gods, it doth amaze me
A man of such a feeble temper should
So get the start of the majestic world
And bear the palm alone.

Hope this helps!

--Salena Jane--

What are facts about Othello?

He was African, a great soldier, living in Venice, middle-aged, married to Desdemona.

What do other characters think of bottom in midsummer nights dream?

he thinks he is a silly man, and is not traeted right by his family, so they care for him and think he is an un intellegent man... hope that helps