Sumer

Perhaps the most important advance made by the Mesopotamians was the invention of writing by the Sumerians. With the invention of writing came the first recorded laws called Hammurabi's Code as well as the first major piece of literature called the Epic Tale of Gilgamesh. Although archeologists don't know for sure who invented the wheel, the oldest wheel discovered was found in Mesopotamia. It is likely the Sumer first used the wheel in making pottery in 3500BC and then used it for their chariots in around 3200 BC. The Mesopotamians used a number system with the base 60 (like we use base 10). They divided time up by 60s including a 60 second minute and a 60 minute hour, which we still use today. They also divided up the circle into 360 degrees. They had a wide knowledge of mathematics including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, quadratic and cubic equations, and fractions. This was important in keeping track of records as well as in some of their large building projects. The Mesopotamians had formulas for figuring out the circumference and area for different geometric shapes like rectangles, circles, and triangles. Some evidence suggests that they even knew the Pythagorean Theorem long before Pythagoras wrote it down. They may have even discovered the number for pi in figuring the circumference of a circle.

They were unable to defend themselves against stronger groups.

They divided an hour into 60 minutes and a minute into 60 seconds.

some upper-class women became priestesses(a role of honor),free women could own land, also could work as merchants, and artisans, such as weavers but their main role was to take care of their children

Come to the company picnic and find out!

sumerians were religous so they worship gods and temples are part of the "method" that they worth the god

It means that there was no one major government but many smaller villages or "city states".

yes

Irrigation

Neighboring Sumerians and the Akkadians were bilingual.

there religion was to worship many gods. if it rained they would think the "rain god" was making it rain. if it snowed they would think the "snow god" is making it snow, etc. they believed there was gods for everything. their church was a ziggurat. the young boys had to go to school. they had to write in cuneiform. they studied to become a script which was a very skilled cuneiform writer, that is what the boys were supposed to grow up to be, while the girls stayed at home and cooked and cleaned.

The leader ship in sumer changed by declairing a new leader

no it is not a monarchy is a leader in the govern ment i think

Sumerians used wedge shaped symbols called cuneiform. The symbols represented words.

the hebrews

the sumerians belived that the gods needed to grow more plants and food or put up more wall to protect there homes

People started migrating for food.

For defense-to keep people that didn't want in the city out of the city.

Well, according to my book.... " the river water that ran through the holes made channels in the soil. The Sumerians made the the channels larger until they became canals" answered by 11 year-old 2013

Ox carts and boats

Mud brick.

Persian Royal Road, ancient road running from Susa, the ancient capital of Persia, across Anatolia to the Aegean Sea, a distance of more than 1,500 miles (2,400 km). Royal messengers, who, according to the Greek historian Herodotus, were stopped by "neither snow, nor rain, nor heat, nor gloom of night," traversed the entire road in nine days, thanks to a system of relays. Normal travel time was about three months. Alexander the Great made use of the Royal Road in his invasion and conquest of the Persian Empire. It was modified after the occupation of Babylon.

yes the egyptians used hieroglyphics but im not sure about the sumerians.

The wall's bricks were made from local mud.