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Tsunamis

Tsunami are huge waves that form in large bodies of water (e.g., oceans, seas, large lakes), that are caused by abrupt vertical displacement of a huge column of water. The displacement can be caused by naturally occurring events such as earthquakes, landslides, volcano eruptions, etc., and even sometimes from underwater explosions. These can become natural disasters devastating to the people and properties along the shore lines where they ultimately appear, sometimes in waves as big as hundreds of feet high or higher.

2,290 Questions

How can tsunamis be reduced?

Tsunamis cannot be prevented or entirely stopped, but their impact can be reduced by early warning systems, coastal planning and construction of natural barriers like mangroves or artificial structures like sea walls. Educating communities on evacuation procedures and raising awareness about tsunami risk are also important in reducing their impact.

How much wind energy is in a tsunami?

Practically none, since a tsunami is generated by seismic events (earthquakes) and would seldom exceed heights of 1 meter while in the open sea. High waves breaking in a shallow harbor might generate modest winds, but in a very confined area and not capable of doing any real damage (especially compared to the wave damage).

If a storm hits and the water becomes rough vessels should approach waves with the bow at what angle?

Vessels should approach waves with the bow at a 45-degree angle to reduce the impact of the waves and prevent the vessel from taking on water or capsizing. This maneuver helps to maintain the vessel's stability in rough waters.

How does the PTWC warn countries in the Pacific region about the possibility of a tsunami?

they warn them by calling up santa clause in the north paul and saying, yo a country is about to get hit by a tsunami.' then santa sends a little kid in that country a note saying you need to leave your country now. then the little kid leaves and boom the country is sade

What are some reasons why the damage from the earthquake was so severe?

Some reasons why the damage from the earthquake was severe could include the earthquake's magnitude and depth, the proximity of populated areas to the epicenter, the quality of building construction in the region, and the local geological conditions that amplify seismic waves.

Could a tsunami happen in December?

Yes, tsunamis can happen in any month of the year. They can be triggered by undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides, and are not tied to a specific season or month. It is important to always be prepared and aware of the risks in coastal areas.

Are there places in the US where earthquakes will probably not occur in the near future?

Middle America most likely, like Missouri and Kansas, although we are famous for our tornadoes.Places in the south (Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, etc.) pretty much never have them (Trust me--I would know), and in the one in a million chance they do, you could barely feel it.

What food should you bring while preparing for a tsunami?

It's important to pack non-perishable food items that are easy to open and ready to eat, such as canned goods, granola bars, and dried fruits. Make sure to include enough food for everyone in your household and consider dietary restrictions and preferences when selecting items. Additionally, pack a supply of clean drinking water to stay hydrated.

What causes drawback before tidal wave?

For every wave there are two components: the crest where the wave is highest and the trough were it is lowest. The drawback before a tsunami occurs when the trough is ahead of the crest. Another way of putting it: the water that is in the tsunami has to come from somewhere. Raising the water in one location means lowering it in another.

How do tsunamis get bigger?

The Tsunami waves got bigger (or higher) as they approach land because the swells of water rise up as the seafloor gets shallower.

They start as an underwater wave (see related question below for what causes the wave) usually very deep on the floor of the ocean and moves (they can move in speeds up to hundreds of miles an hour) outward from the initiation point. If they move toward land, as the water gets more shallow with the increased height of the ocean floor in a harbor or coastal area, the wave gets higher as the sea floor gets closer to the water's surface. They have enough force and speed that they do not stop or get smaller at that point, but continue to move into water that is more and more shallow and get bigger and bigger (taller) and rise out of the water, since there is no place to go but up.

How much does the amplitude of the wave increase between an earthquake that measures 4.2 on the Richter scale and an earthquake that measures 6.2 on the Richter scale?

The energy released by an earthquake increases by 10x for every 1.0 increase in magnitude on the Richter scale. A 6.2 quake is 2.0 higher than a 4.2 quake. The increase in energy output would be calculated as such: 10x10=100.

A 6.2 magnitude earthquake is 100 times more powerful than a 4.2 magnitude earthquake.

How many people was killed in Kenya from the tsunami 2004?

Around 200 people were reported to have died in Kenya from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Kenya was one of the countries affected by the disaster, although the impact was less severe compared to countries like Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

Describe the relationship between tsunami and plate tectonic?

The collision of tectonic plates causes earthquakes. When one place slides below the other plate beneath the ocean floor, this rapid movement of the plates forced the ocean floor and water upward. The energy was then transmitted across the ocean, causing huge tsunami waves.

Tsunamis are only a feet high in shallow water?

Tsunamis can reach heights of over 100 feet in shallow water due to the immense energy they carry. As they reach the shore and the water becomes shallower, the wave height can increase dramatically, resulting in devastating impacts on coastal areas. It is important to take tsunami warnings seriously and evacuate to higher ground if necessary.

Where did tsunmis happen?

Tsunamis typically occur in oceanic regions with tectonic activity, such as the Pacific Ring of Fire. This includes areas like the coastlines of Japan, Indonesia, Chile, and the western United States. Tsunamis can also be triggered by underwater volcanic eruptions or landslides.

How many people was injured in 911?

Approximately 40,000 people were injured in the events of September 11, 2001. The health effects are still being felt by those who worked in the rescue effort.

What did people do about the Krakatoa eruption?

People were panicked when Krakatoa erupted. The explosion was heard as much as 3,000 miles away, and vibrations were recorded around the world. While people tried to flee, there was no place for them to go, and more than 165 villages were leveled and over 36,000 people were killed. Much of the damage that was done was the result of the tsunami that followed the eruption.

Why is tsunami used internationally?

Tsunami is a Japanese term meaning "harbor wave." Its usage internationally is due to historical events where tsunamis impacted regions outside of Japan, leading to the adoption of the term globally for consistency and clarity in communication about these natural disasters.

What are the names of tsunamis and hurricanes beginning with J?

For hurricanes : Janet (1955), Joan (1988), Juan (2003), Jeanne (2004).

However it seems that Tsunamis don´t have names.

What made the 2004 tsanumi?

The 2004 tsunami was caused by a massive undersea earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1-9.3 off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. This earthquake triggered a series of devastating tsunamis that affected multiple countries bordering the Indian Ocean.

Why is it important to determine the path a hurricane may take?

Although the path of a hurricane can be very difficult to predict warnings must be given for all possible areas so that people can take the necessary steps to protect their property, evacuate if necessary, buy provisions and emergency supplies and so that local, state and federal agencies and utility companies can prepare for the devastation that follows the storm.

Why was the death toll in the 2004 tsunami more than the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa?

The death toll in the 2004 tsunami was higher than the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa because tsunamis can travel much farther across the ocean, affecting more densely populated areas. The 2004 tsunami struck coastal regions with little warning, leading to widespread devastation and loss of life, whereas the impact of the Krakatoa eruption was more localized.

How do scientists prevent and warn tsunamis?

If the tsunami is the result of an earthquake, then scientists take three locations that the earthquake hit. They find a radius by finding out how long it took for P waves and S waves to hit the land. Once they've drawn circles, calculated by the radius, around all three locations there is an epicenter. This is where all three circles intersect. They then have seismographs that show the damage of the earthquake by a Moment Magnitude Scale. Then they predict that a tsunami will follow shortly after and they warn the countries in danger.

The typical velocity of a tsunami?

The typical velocity of a tsunami in deep ocean waters is around 500-600 miles per hour (800-1000 kilometers per hour). However, this speed decreases significantly as the tsunami approaches shallow waters near the coast.