Urinary System

Tight junctions are the type of cell junction that form a barrier between cells, preventing leakage of contents from the stomach or urinary bladder into surrounding tissues. Tight junctions create a seal between adjacent cells, regulating the passage of molecules between them.

Place the ultrasound transducer on the ventral midline of the abdomen, just cranial to the pubis. This should cover the area where the urinary bladder is located in cats. Adjust the transducer until you obtain a clear image of the bladder.

Yes, mice have a bladder to store urine before it is expelled from the body. The bladder is an essential organ for waste elimination in mammals.

As the concentration gradient increases, the urine volume typically decreases. This is because a higher concentration gradient drives more water reabsorption in the kidneys, resulting in a lower urine volume being produced.

The medical term for abnormal softening of the kidney is "nephromalacia." It is a condition that can be caused by various factors such as infection, kidney disease, or trauma. Treatment typically focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the softening.

An artificial kidney machine, also known as a dialysis machine, is a medical device used to filter waste, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function adequately. It is a crucial treatment for individuals with kidney failure to help maintain their overall health and well-being.

kidneys attempt to increase hemoglobin levels by the release of

Reabsorption in the proximal tubule involves the passive and active transport of glucose, amino acids, ions, and water from the tubular fluid back into the bloodstream. This reabsorption process helps maintain the body's electrolyte balance and conserve valuable nutrients. It is highly efficient due to the presence of a brush border with microvilli that increases surface area for absorption.

The muscular layer in the ureters uses peristalsis to move the urine along to the urinary bladder

There are three ways microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses) can enter the urinary tract. The most usual is through the urethra, the passage between the bladder and the outside world. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are more common in women than men because womens' urethras are much shorter than mens'. Women often contract UTIs after sexual activity because the friction pushes the bacteria up into the urethra. Poor immune function and sugar in the urine makes diabetics more susceptible to yeast infections of the bladder and urethra.

The second avenue of entry is through the bloodstream. Kidney abscesses (perinephric), for example, can form from bacteria that has traveled through the blood from another site and lodged in the kidney. The third path is spread from infection in a nearby area. For example, an infection in the retroperitoneal area (where the kidneys reside) could spread to affect the kidneys and ureters, or a ruptured perirectal abscess could spread infection to the urethra.

Ok, let's analyse it in biochemistry and phisiological way. First up, urine is the product filtered by your kedney from blood. urine include something you didn't need any more, and your kedney helped you to clear away the blood with waste. Amazingly, kedney cannot filter a lot of things, include(just as you say) protein, most of glucose, axunge, edc. They are nessessary things when we alive.Let's imagine this scence: blood like roads in real world, and the nutrients like cars with our own. They can go anywhere but with our control. Through the road, they from our home to our work places, or the shopping mall. Different car have different destination . The kedney like scrap yard, weed out the used.

Glomerular basement membrane and renal tubular is safeguard to protect the nutrients.

You have two ureters. There is one going from each of your two kidneys to the bladder. From the bladder to the outside is the urethra. The Urethra 'thrusts' the urine out of the body.

The name of the toxic condition caused by excessive waste products in the bloodstream is uremia. It occurs when the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste products from the blood, leading to a buildup of toxins in the body. Symptoms of uremia can include nausea, fatigue, confusion, and trouble breathing.

No, the urinary bladder and gallbladder are not the same structure. The urinary bladder is a hollow organ that stores urine produced by the kidneys, while the gallbladder is a small organ that stores bile produced by the liver.

A spot on a kidney usually refers to a small area of abnormal tissue that appears on medical imaging such as an ultrasound or CT scan. These spots can be caused by various conditions such as cysts, tumors, or infections, and further evaluation by a healthcare provider may be necessary to determine the exact cause.

The same function as the urethra in other mammals, it is the tube through which urine passes from the urinary bladder inside the body for elimination to the outside of the body in urination.

This condition is known as a urinary tract infection (UTI). It typically occurs when bacteria enter the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Symptoms may include frequent and painful urination, cloudy or bloody urine, and pelvic pain. Treatment usually involves antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider.

The oblique course of the ureter through the bladder wall helps to prevent backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureter, known as vesicoureteral reflux. This oblique entry creates a valve-like effect where the pressure of urine in the bladder compresses the ureter, helping to prevent reflux of urine back towards the kidneys.

Mitochondria in the kidney play a crucial role in producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They are essential for maintaining the energy levels required for various kidney functions, such as filtration, reabsorption, and secretion processes. Mitochondria also play a role in regulating oxidative stress and cell death pathways in the kidney.

As the dialysis fluid has no urea in it, there is a large concentration gradient - meaning that urea moves across the partially permeable membrane, from the blood to the dialysis fluid, by diffusion. This is very important as it is essential that urea is removed from the patients' blood.

No, if your bladder is completely empty, liquid cannot enter the bladder unless you consume more liquid. The bladder only fills up with urine when the kidneys produce urine and it is stored in the bladder until it is excreted.

Cystorrhexis is the medical term meaning suture of the bladder.

This could be due to a condition called bladder distention, in which a full bladder puts pressure on surrounding organs, including the uterus. It can cause discomfort or pain in the lower abdomen and pelvic area. It's best to consult a healthcare provider for an evaluation and proper diagnosis.

1 Wash hands

2 Gloves

3 Clean the tip of the catheter hose (to avoid UTIs)

4 Unhook the clasp and drain into a sterile container

5 Close the clasp!

6 Re-clean the catheter hose

7 Dispose of the urine in a sluice or toilet

The main filtration structure of the urinary system is the nephron, which is found in the kidneys. Each nephron consists of a renal corpuscle (glomerulus and Bowman's capsule) where blood is filtered, and a renal tubule where reabsorption and secretion of substances takes place. The nephrons work together to filter waste products from the blood and regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in the body.