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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
10,833 Questions
How did the environment affect the people in ancient Greece?
- In ancient times , Greece nwas not one united or unified country because of the mountains. How did ... How does human development affect the environment?
Was Sparta military better than Athens?
Athens was a democracy and had more liberal (for that time) thinking and had good navy. Sparta was a oligarchy was more conservative and militaristic and had great army. In the war between them (Peloponnesian war), Sparta won.
What was the cause of the rise of city states?
Migratory tribes settled on arable land and erected a hill fort for protection against invaders. Cities grew up around the hill, and so a city-state was formed, the inhabitants having no wish or reason to merge with neighbours who might be rival or predators.
Did the ancient Greek gods have pets?
Well I'm not sure if 'pets' are the right word but most of the Greek gods had animals that represented them. Fir example Zeus had the Eagle, Ares had the dogs, Aphrodite had the dove, etc. The closest thing to a pet was Hades Cerberus who didn't represent him.
What do the lliad and the Odyssey reveal about life in ancient Greece?
Although it has the superficial legacy of 12th Century BCE Mycenaean Greek times of kings, it has underlying descriptions of later elements from the time of Homer in the late 8th Century BCE, where the landowning farmers were in control, and the heroes were really military guardians hired by the farmers to protect their property from invaders.
What made the terrainn of Greece difficult for farmers?
The soil was mostly poor as Greece is mountainous and rocky. And there were no tractors for ploughing - traction for ploughs was by ox, and these put pressure on the normal small farmer to feed it as well as his family on farms about a hectare in area, particularly in winter.
And of course, how did you divide the farm amongst several sons and their families, when the plot was only big enough for one family - you shipped them off to grab farms of their own in other territory, which is how Greek cities sprang up all around the Mediterranean and Black seas.
How were public buildings in Athens different from private homes?
By today's standards they were small, with small rooms. Walls were thick and windows small to keep out the heat in summer and keep in the heat in winter. The better-off had houses with an inside court yard and with womens' quarters.
Why were the Greek gods important?
The Ancient Greeks did not know much about the Earth. They developed deities that were personifications of worldly things to provide answers to things beyond their knowledge. Also the Greek gods embodied specific emotions and characteristics, making them somewhat imperfect. For example, Poseidon embodied anger and aggression, and could hold quite a grudge. Zeus embodied hospitality, but was often prone to jealousy and lust.
What is the name for the large hill around which a Greek city-state grew?
Many Greek cities were built on a rocky hill called an acropolis. The name acropolis was from the Greek word akros, meaning highest, and polis, meaning city.
What were the main social classes of Ancient Greece?
The Ptolemaic (Greek/Macedonian) rule of Egypt from 332- 30 BCE caused Egypt to be a major influence on Greek religion and dieties. A common example of this is the worship of the Egyptian goddess Isis, who was likened to Greek goddesses such as Demeter and Aphrodite.
What is the name of a picture made of small cubes of colored stone or glass?
If you are referring to the art in general, as in the type of art famous for depicting Bible scenes in cathedrals and church sanctuaries, it is simply called stained glass, or Mosaic, art.
Why were the epics of importance to Greeks of the Dorian period?
Epics of importance to the Greeks of the Dorian periodare a source of much of Greek mythology. Through the myths, the Greeks sought to understand the mysteries of nature and power of human passions
Why did the Persians invade Greece in the battle of plataea?
They invaded in 480 BCE by marching from Asia Minor through Thrace, Macedonia, Thessaly.
They were accompanied by a fleet which kept pace with the ground troops and protected the sea resupply lane.
Did Macedonia gain power in the ancient world during the reign of King Phillip the 2nd?
He extended Macedonian control throughout Greece and planned takeover of the Persian Empire. His assassination left the latter to be done by his son and successor Alexander.
Which ancient Greek invented the thermometer?
The first recorded thermometer was invented by an Italian - Santorio Santorio (1561-1636) at the end of the 16th Century.
How is slavery practiced in today's society?
Slavery exists here in the United States but not in a fashion that most might be familiar with. Though the term is typically associated with forced labor, the slave trade and the use of slaves as labor in the later 1700's the term can also be used when no labor is present. Slavery is also often referred to as "bondage" which can be defined as " the state of being under the control of another " or "someone entirely dominated by some other influence"
In this case, when dependence is by choice, one can see that slavery/bondage exists throughout the US. All manners of abusers are slaves to their socially unacceptable urges, drug addicts are slaves to their narcotics as surely as welfare recipients are enslaved by the unearned federal subsidies they so readily crave.
The name of the thirty-year between Athens and Sparta?
There were not 36 wars between Athens and Sparta.
How long was the battle of Thermopylae?
The Battle of Thermopylae took place in late summer or early fall of 480 B.C.E. In response to the latest Persian invasion of the Greek homeland, a small group of Greek allies, led by a soon-to-be-famous contingent of Spartans, assembled at the choke-point of the pass of Thermopylae in the hope of defeating, or at least delaying, the Persian army approaching from the north.
What are all the names of the ancient Greek goddesses?
Helen and Penelope are names of Ancient Greek literary characters from The Iliad and the Odyssey.
Aspasia was a woman in Athens during Pericles' time.
Other examples of names include: Olympias, Melissa, Lysandra, Korinna, and Hypatia.
What goods and services were produced in ancient Greece?
Pottery is an example of goods and services that was product in ancient Greece. Farming and manufacturing were two well known industries in ancient Greece.
Greece is a very rocky place which makes it very hard to grow food.
How many Persians fought against the 300 Spartans at Thermopylae?
Who was there
The 300 Spartans were Spartan king Leonidas' bodyguard. Sparta was concerned with defending its own land from a Persian amphibious raid, and so was not about to send off a main force. Leonidas also had about 2,000 serf-light infantry. There were also about 4,000 warriors from those Greek states in the Thermopylai area which had not already gone over to the Persians.
How do we tell who won?
Who won hangs on the objectives of the both sides, and who was successful in achieving them.
What were the objectives and outcomes?
The Persian objective was to capture peninsular Greece to establish an ethnic frontier, as the latter had been supporting revolution in the Greek cities along the coast of Asia Minor, which was part of the Persian Empire. Xerxes had a large land force of about 150,000 infantry and 30,000 cavalry, and 600 warships with 120,000 crewmen.
The Persian war fleet was superior to the Greek one, so it provided both outflanking amphibious capability and protection for the resupply fleet; the amphibious capability meant the Greek forces could not concentrate, remaining at home defending their cities, and so able to be picked off one by one.
The Greek strategy was to neutralise this war fleet, both to even up the operational mobility equation and, by depriving the Persians of their essential sea supply route, ultimately force their withdrawal. Given the inequality of the fleets, the Greeks determined to force sea engagements in narrow waters to minimise the effect of the opposing superior ships and numbers: they closed the land route to the south at the Thermopylai pass to force a Persian outflanking amphibious operation in the adjacent strait. When three days of naval engagements failed to give a Greek victory, and the Thermopylai position was outflanked on land, the fleet withdrew to the strait between Salamis and Athens, and by a stratagem of splitting the Persian fleet, defeated the main force and so exposed the sea supply line.
With no resupply, Xerxes was obliged to take half his army back to Asia Minor and the remaining part had to withdraw and winter in northern Greece. The following spring the southern Greek states, no longer threatened by enemy amphibious landings, were able to concentrate in full strength at Plataia and defeat the remaining Persian army and its Greek allies. In parallel, the Greek naval forces captured the rump of the Persian fleet at Mykale in Asia Minor.
Romantic stories of the stand at Thermopylai, based on it being designed to defeat the invasion, conceal the real strategies of both adversaries. The centre of gravity of the might of Persia outside Asia was its Egyptian, Phoenician and Asian-Greek war fleet. Its neutralisation mandated a critical enemy land force reduction and removed the threat of amphibious invasion of the Peloponnese states, allowing them to concentrate against the reduced enemy land forces.
So who won at Thermopylai?
The Persians continued with their invasion until stopped elsewhere.
The Greeks lost the naval engagement offshore, which was set up by the Thermopylai defence, so the latter was to no avail. When Leonidas got news of the Persian outflanking of his position through the mountains, he sent the other contingents off to get inside the walls of friendly cities so that they wouldn't be ridden down in open country by the Persian cavalry when they broke through. He kept the Theban contingent as they were suspected of having already gone over to the Persians, and set up a last stand with his 300 Spartan hoplites and 2,000 serf-light infantry to give the dismissed contingents a head start. The Thebans quickly surrendered and the Spartan 2,300 went down to a man. The other contingents took the benefit of this sacrifice and got away safely.
What form of democracy was used by the Greek city states?
Radical/absolute democracy.
This means that all citizens (not every person there, just ones who qualified for citizenship.. another thing all together) got to vote. This is different from American democracy where we vote for candidates who then make decisions on our behalf, which is actually a Republic.
