Ancient Greece

After the Persian invasion of Greece was turned back in 479 BCE under the leadership of Sparta, Athens took over leadership of the city-states in Asia Minor which had been liberated from Persian rule and formed them into the Delian League as a defensive alliance. After 30 years of failed attempts to reclaim the cities, Persia gave up and left the League to its own devices. Even with the threat gone, Athens continued to collect the annual tax which funded the League, by force where necessary, and spent the money on itself and on maintaining the navy which enforced the tax.

Athenian inscriptions show heavy casualties of its army each year, including years in which Athens was not fighting any war with its neighbours or Persia, so these arose from its annual tax enforcement. This enforcement went as far as assaulting, capturing and looting recalcitrant cities of the League, which Athens had converted to an empire. One city Mytilene had its people sold into slavery as an example to the others; the citizens of Samos were branded in the forehead to remind them not to revolt again.

The proceeds - originally to pay for the navy which protected them from Persia - were spent by Athens on beautifying its city (Parthenon etc) and putting half of Athens' citizens on its public payroll. And not satisfied with this empire, Athens started standing over cities of the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta, culminating with trying to bankrupt Megara, a member of that league. At the behest of the League, Sparta demanded that Athens back off, it refused, and all out war ensued.

The Plebs were those Roman citizens who were not Patricians. The Patricians were a small minority of the oldest and best families. This meant that the Plebeians covered all the areas of employment. They were consuls, praetors, provincial governors, senators, landowners, merchants, farmers, artisans, tax collectors, soldiers, sailors, labourers, lawyers, philosophers, poets, playwrights, you name it, they did it - 'rich man, poor man, beggarman, thief' as the rhyme used to say. Think of Pompey the Great and Cicero. The lowest class were the Proles. The proletarians were those of the Plebs without any property. Prole means 'breeder' - the wry implication being that all the proles gave to the state was children.

Eros - from this comes our word erotic.

The Monarchy of Athens declined in ancient Greece because the king made unfair laws and kept all the wealth to himself and his aristocrats. In the end he was overthrown by his own advisers and oligarchy rose.

In the radical period introduced by Pericles all citizens voted in the Assembly each fortnight and the Council implemented their decisions. They also manned the juries of 500 which determined on legal matters. And the funds extorted from Athens' empire put half the citizens on the public payroll.

The Greek philosophers tried to discover why the earth acted like it did. They thought gods controlled the forces or nature, so they made different myths about why things happend like they did.

You had to be a freeborn male born in Athens from Athenian parents.

Demosthenes was the famous Athenian orator and statesman who tried to warn Athenians of the threat that Philip II of Macedon posed to Athenian independence and Athenian dominance over the rest of Greece. Living from 384-322 BC (or, BCE), he later participated as a leader in the Athenian revolt against Philip's son, Alexander the Great in order to reclaim leadership of the Greek states.

Aegisthus and Clytemnestra both played a part in Agamemnon's death, however there are two versions of who physically killed Agamemnon. In book 3 of The Odyssey, it was Aegisthus who plotted and killed Agamemnon. In Aeschylus' tragedy Agamemnon, Aeschylus changed the killer to Clytemnestra. The murder was avenged by the son Orestes. The Odyssey simply mentioned that Orestes avenged Agamemnon's death by killing both Aegisthus and Clytemnestra. In Libation Bearers, Aeschylus developed a complete plot and went into details why and how Orestes accomplished his matricide. Killing one's parents is against nature in Greek mythological tradition, thus Orestes was tried in an Athenian court by an Athenian jury with Apollo as his defense lawyer, and Athena as the presiding judge. The jury was deadlocked and Athena casted the deciding vote. You may want to read The Eumenides, the last of The Oresteiatrilogy by Aeschylus to find out whether Orestes was found guilty or not!

Same as everyone else in Europe, there are bars, discos, music halls, theater, cinemas, sporting venues etc..

Water food time

Rich Greeks would of had bedrooms with beds made of wood and have weaving of wood to hold the hay/leaves with fabric for blankets.

Poor Greeks would normally sleep on the floor with a scattering of hay/leaves.

the Greeks created columns and coloseums which the Romans used. the Romans used coloseums to entertain the citizens(slaves couldn't participate)

there boiling in them times

p.s i dont realy know

Argos was fairly powerful in military until around the late 4th century BC.

they tended to get along, and have many feasts together. at times though it seemed quite common to have greek neighbours at war so to speak with each other.

hope that helped xo

Persia gave the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta the money to build a fleet of warships equal to Athens', and to pay the crews at double the Athenian rate to attract the best sailors.

At the confrontation of the two fleets at Aigospotomai, Spartan commander Lysander waited until the Athenian ships crews were on shore buying their food from the local market and swooped on them, taking most on the beach before they could get to sea to fight.

With its fleet gone, Athens was besieged with no means of importing food, and eventually had to surrender.

1. Why - Rivalry between the Athenian empire and the Peloponnesian League.

2. What - They fought on and off for 27 years, devastating the Greek world.

3. The Peloponnesian League defeated the Athenian empire.

The Parthenon, the Coliseum, the Temple of Hephaestus, and the temple of Athena Nike are just a few.

Sparta, having established its dominance and security in the Peloponnese, and material security through its serf population, sought peacefulness. It supported Athens, after it had expelled its tyrant, against forcible attempts of its oligarchy to reestablish control. They joined together in repelling the Persian invasion, and Athens provided military support to Sparta in putting down its serf rebellion.

Things went sour during this espedition and Sparta sent the Athenians home. Hostilities broke out as an over-confident Athens meddled in the affairs of Sparta and its allies in the peloponnese peninsula. fter 15 years they patched things up with a 30 year peace treaty. Howeve Athens continued to intervene in the problems i the Peloponnese, Sparta demanded that Athens back off, Athens persisted, and the devastating 27-year Peloponnesian War broke out, which Athens lost.

Arete was the personification of living up to one's potential. With role models like Perseus, Theseus and Odysseus, that was a tall order to fill.

With concrete

The basic myth which all early Grecian culture was based upon was:

Once long ago a great god named Zeus was in power. He was the king of all the great gods and other immortal and mortal beings and had several daughters and sons of his own, most with mortal women. (it was said that Zeus slept with over 100 woman in Greece and beyond) The ones that were born of both immortal parents had magical powers, like the son of Ares and Aphrodite (the god of war and goddess of love), Eros had magical arrows, and the person who was shot with the arrows immediately fell in love. For children born of one mortal and one immortal parent, such as Hercules and Perseus, were often given smaller (but powerful) gifts, such as cleverness, strength, and perseverance.

Obviously there are many more amazing Greek myths, but that is the basis of most myths, which tend to web off of that, such as the myth of Medusa, the beautiful woman turned to a monster by angry Athene, or that of Atlas, a titan punished by having to hold the weight of the world on his shoulders.

If you are looking for a fictional read about myths of Greece, Percy Jackson and the Olympians is a young, easy, but informative series that is lots of fun to read!

the ottomans were oppresing the greeks.yeah in some areas they co existed but it was rare.ottomans oppresed religion and were not equeal (greeks and serbs had to pay large taxes,their children were taken away and manipulated into becoming ottoman warriors) also they could not express their orthodox religion (if you were christian you died) so yeah,it was dark times for them, + they wanted their own nation since ottomans were conquerers

of course not it was a series of small city states governered by separate entities like Athens by democracy or Sparta by military dictatorship