The capital of Somalia is Mogadishu.

Somalia is a country in north east Africa, its capital city is Mogadishu.
Mogadishu
Mogadishu

On April 22nd, 1500 the Portugese captain Pedro Álvares Cabral voyaged from Portugal to claim Brazil, landing at Porto Seguro. (He sailed back via Africa, and on to India on the same voyage). The first sight of land for him was a mountain, which he named "Monte Pascoal" or "Paschal Mountain", because it was Easter on that specific day. He called the natives "Indians" (as the Spanish had) because he thought he had reached India.

However, please note that Brazil was inhabited by people when he arrived. A contemporary account of a voyage made up the Amazon river describes the area being densely populated, with farms along the river banks and a great number of large villages. By 150 years later, voyagers only described the jungles we see today. It is likely that the first European visitors brought diseases to the Amazon which wiped out many of the native populations. The point is that Pedro Cabral did not actually "discover" Brazil except that it was the first time Europeans knew of the land. There were people there before him.

Two individuals were responsible for the building of the statue of Jesus of Nazareth [c. 7-4 B.C.E. - c. 30 A.D] in Brazil. The statue 'O Cristo Redentor' ['Christ the Redeemer'] is at the top of 'Corcovado' ['Hunchback' Mountain] in the Tijuca Forest National Park of Rio de Janeiro.

Local engineer Heitor da Silva Costa [July 25, 1873-April 21, 1947] designed the statue. French sculptor Paul Maximilien Landowski [June 4, 1875-March 27, 1961] sculpted it.

The construction of 'O Cristo Redentor' took nine years, from 1922 to 1931. It's made of reinforced concrete and soapstone. The statue was dedicated on October 12, 1931.

From a wood that was harvested by the Portuguese to be used as a dye for fabric in the early 1500's. The wood name was Pau Brasil, with a strong red colour. Nowadays it is almost extinguished, it was once all along the Brazilian coast. The Atlantic forest, that harboured such woods, was almost all deforestated in the colonisation of Brazil. because a tipical tree used by the portugueses to paint tissue of red, this tree was called "pau BRASIL"
Brazil is named after a tree (pau-brasil) from which Portuguese, during the colonization period, extracted red colored liquid to paint fabric.

More specifically the name Brazil comes from "brasa" that means ember, "brasil" being the collective noun, meaning an amount of embers.

When the Portuguese first arrived, they called the land "Ilha de Vera Cruz" (Vera Cruz Island). When they realized that this land was not an island, they changed it's name to "Terra de Santa Cruz" (Land of Santa Cruz). However, to avoid losing the territory that France was now interested in obtaining, they started to extract wood from a tree named "Pau-Brasil". Due to the extraction from this tree, they changed the lands name to "Brasil" (Brazil).

Brazil has two former capital cities. Rio de Janeiro was the capital from 1793 until 1960. Salvador was the first capital, from 1549 to 1793.

Brasilia is now the capital of Brazil. In 1956, Juscelino Kubitschek de Olveira [September 12, 1902 - August 22, 1976], who was President of Brazil, 1956-1961, ordered the building of Brasilia to fulfill an article in Brazil's constiution. Dating from 1891, the article stated that the capital should be moved from Rio de Janeiro to a more central location within the country. It took 41 months to build Brasilia, from 1956 to 1960. Brasilia officially was inaugurated as the capital on April 21, 1960.

The capital of Syria is Damascus.

Damascus is the capital and largest city of Syria, a country in western Asia bordering the Mediterranean Sea.