C Programming

An inline function replaces the call to the function by the body of the function, thus reducing the overhead of saving the context in stack. This is good for functions which are small in size and called occasionally. A recursive function calls an instance of itself and thus can be a deeply nested. Different compilers handle this differently. Some will inline it up to a certain depth and then call a non-inlined instance for further recursion; others will not inline the function at all and generate a normal function call.

The do..while() loop tests the condition at the end of the loop. Therefore the loop body executes at least once.

The while() loop (without do) tests the condition before entering the loop and before each iteration of the loop.

The for() loop conditional expression is optional but, when specified, is tested before entering the loop and before each iteration of the loop.

using the sum button

There are many vendors of C++ compilers. Your choice depends on what platform you use, and whether or not you want paid support. Two compilers (remember, there are many) are GCC, at gcc.gnu.org, and Visual Studio, at www.microsoft.com/vstudio. Be sure to review the requirements, cost, and license details before you choose.

The number of dimensions is immaterial. All arrays are implemented as a one dimensional array. A multidimensional array is simply an array where every element is itself an array.

The only thing actually known about any array is that its name is a reference to the start address. Unlike an ordinary (non-array) variable, the elements in the array do not have names, we can only refer to them by their memory offsets from the start of the array. As such, in order to obtain the values stored at those offsets, we must dereference them. While the subscript operator gives us notational convenience, it's easy to forget that there's actually pointer arithmetic and dereferencing going on behind the scenes.

Two method of representing a binary tree is

Static allocation, and

Dynamic allocation

She was one of the first programmers of one of the first computers. See the related link for more information.

Repetition.

For example the following lines do the same thing:

while (expression) statement;

LABEL: if (expression) {statement; goto LABEL; }

Or these: for (exp1; exp2; exp3) statement;

exp1; LABEL: if (exp2) {statement; exp3; goto LABEL; }

int a[8][5]= {{a1,b1,c1,d1,e1},

{a2,b2,c2,d2,e2},

{a3,b3,c3,d3,e3},

{a4,b4,c4,d4,d4},

{a5,b5,c5,d5,e5},

{a6,b6,c6,d6,e6},

{a7,b7,c7,d7,e7},

{a8,b8,c8,d8,e8}};

This is an Integer Array Containing 40 elements or 40 integer values.

In this e.g. First (dimension) subscript-8 will be the row and the second (dimension) subscript -5 will be the column.

In computer science, a callback is executable code that is passed as an argument to other code. It allows a low level software layer to call a function occurring in a higher level layer. Usually the higher level code first calls a function within the lower level code passing to it a pointer or handle to another function. Then the lower level function in the course of executing may call the passed-in function any number of times to perform some subtask. Another option is that the lower level function registers the passed-in function as a handler that is to be called asynchronously by the lower level at a later time in reaction to something. A callback can be used as a simpler alternative to polymorphism and generic programming, in that the exact behavior of a function can be dynamically determined by passing different (yet compatible) function pointers or handles to the lower level function. This can be a very powerful technique for code reuse.

It doesn't. Programmers might use any approach they like.

It allows the compiler to verify that the number and types of the functions parameters are correct when the function is actually called.

If the function were called with the wrong number or type of parameters, and no function prototype were supplied, the error would not be discovered until the program was actually run.

instrn

A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is, first and foremost, an event-driven program that runs on top of a command-line-driven operating system. Designing a GUI completely from scratch is not something to be undertaken lightly.

The easiest way to create a GUI is to use a framework. Visual C++ provides the Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC) framework which allows you to build Windows applications that conform to the Windows GUI, whilst giving you the freedom to design your own elements that can interact with the GUI, even if they bear no resemblance to the standard GUI elements. However, you cannot alter the Windows GUI itself (globally, that is) as it is an intrinsic component of the operating system. Although you can manipulate GUI elements in real-time, this places a huge strain upon resources and will greatly impede the overall performance.

Under Linux you have far greater freedom because the command-line-driven kernel is completely separate from the GUI, thus you are free to design your own. This allows you to completely alter the GUI in any way you see fit. Again, a GUI framework is the easiest way to begin as it provides all the basic elements of a GUI, including message queues, memory management and multi-tasking -- all you really have to do is design the visual aspects of each element.

It means - keep them informed.

The best and worst case time complexity for heapsort is O(n log n).

a string constant

Macros are processed at preprocessing time where as constant variables are processed at complie time. Macros doesnot have any scope but constant variables has scope. Macros doesnot have the type checking where as constant variables have type checking.

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//Adding two numbers using pointers

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

int *a,*b,c,n1,n2;

scanf("%d %d",&n1,&n2);

a=&n1;

b=&n2;

c=*a+*b;

printf("Added value is:%d",c);

}

PCH answer is I.
An integer, often unsigned, named usually i,j,k,l,m,n.