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Central Powers
The Central forces of World War 2 were lead by the German Republic and included the Austrian-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria against the Allied Forces.
1,492 Questions
What was Hungary's involvement in World War 2?
They sided with Germany. The story of Hungary in WWII as an Axis partner, like all stories, has its roots in the History preceding it. Hungary found itself demoralized and destroyed after the 1918 break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire with the end of WWI. Following the break-up, Hungary fell into a state of chaos, being led by a number of ineffectual Governments until a Communist named Bela Kun proclaimed a Soviet Hungarian Republic. The period following this takeover was known in Hungary as the "Red Terror". In 1919, Vice-Admiral Miklos Horthy, the last Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, raised an army which overthrew the Communist Republic.
In 1920 Hungary signed the Treaty of Trianon, and in the process, lost a good deal of its territory to the Nations around it. This Treaty, although giving Hungary independance, also gave a good deal of territory to neighboring Romania, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. This treaty also mandated things like the size of the standing army; 35,000 officers and men divided into 7 mixed brigades*, headquarter troops and a Danube Naval Flotilla. Under the provisions of this Treaty, tanks, artillery and an air force were also prohibited.
In attempts to regain stability in the years preceeding WWII, Hungary, under the leadership of Horthy, strived to find alliances that would benefit their attempt at regaining lost territory. After searching in vain to England and France, in 1927 Hungary signed another treaty, this time with its former enemy from WWI, Italy. This opened the door even more** for Hungarian support of the Axis cause.
In the 1930's Hungarian Prime Minister Gyula Gombos pulled Hungary even more towards the Axis camp by signing a trade agreement with Germany. As a result of this agreement, in time, Hungary found itself in better economic and political footing. As Hungary began to re-establish itself politically and economically, it also began to thrive socially, and a seemingly open-minded Horty was not oppresive of emerging left or right wing groups. In this air of acceptance many groups began to form that were sympathetic to or emulated the German National Socialists.
From 1938 to 1941, Hungary began to regain its lost territory, either through political means, or through limited military actions. In 1938 Hungary regained areas previously incorporated into the region of Slovakia. In 1939, an 8th mixed brigade was formed, and then all mixed brigades were expanded to corps. Another corps was then added, a Mobile Corps, as well as a new airforce. In March of 1939 the 8th Corps and the Mobile Corps occupied Czechoslovakian Ruthenia. Also in 1939, Hungary joined the Anti-Comintern Pact along with Germany, Italy and Japan. When Germany invaded Poland in September of 1939, Hungary declared itself neutral, although it had been mobilizing its forces since 1938.
In 1940, Rumania was forced by Germany to give back Northern Transylvania. At this time, a 9th Corp was formed that now borderd on the Rumanian frontier in the Carpithian Mountains region.
The Nine Corps areas of Hungary each raised three Dandar or Light Divisions, each with one front-line infantry regiment and one reserve infantry regiment, each of three battalions; a two battalion artillery regiment of 24 guns; a cavalry troop, anti-aircraft company, and a signals company. The Corps themselves also had one motorized infantry battlion, often mounted on bikes, as well as anti-aircraft, engineer and signals battalions. As well as these units, Hungary also fielded Mountain and Border Guard brigades, labour battalions, so-called "Life Guard", Crown Guard, and Parliament Guard units. Hungary was at the time in theory, if not in practice, considered to be a Monarchy with the associated Royal functions and positions; this is why the Hungarian units usually had "Royal" in their titles).
The full order of battle at this time consisted of the following units:
Also in 1940, Hungary created 3 Army Commands that would then control the various Corp formations located throughout the Nation. At the time of the creation of the new Army Commands, the Hungarian Army consisted of the following units:
Formation Location 1st ArmyKolozsvar 2nd Army Budapest 3rd ArmyPecs I.Army Corps Budapest II.Army Corps Szekesfehervar III.Army CorpsSzombathely IV.Army Corps Pecs V.Army Corps Szeged VI.Army Corps DebrecenVII.Army Corps Miskolc VIII.Army CorpsKassa IX.Army Corps Kolozsvar Mobile Corps Budapest
Finally, in 1941, German and Italy attempted to bring Hungary into a Military alliance. To do this, they offered Hungary the return of more territory that had been taken in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. In April of 1941, Germany entered into Hungarian territory to prepare for the invasion of Yugoslavia. In so doing, they requested the aid of Hungary, who then mobilized the Hungarian 3rd Army. For the invasion of Yugoslavia, Hungary fielded the following units into the disputed territories that Yugoslavia controlled:
3rd Hungarian Army I.Army Corps
1st Infantry Brigade
13th Infantry Brigade
15th Infantry Brigade
IV.Army Corps
2nd Infantry Brigade
10th Infantry Brigade
12th Infantry Brigade
V.Army Corps
14th Infantry Brigade
19th Infantry Brigade
2nd Cavalry Brigade
Rapid Corps
1st Cavalry Brigade
1st Motorized Brigade
2nd Motorized Brigade
On June 27th, 1941, after Germany had invaded the Soviet Union, Hungary formally declared war against the Soviet Union and became a full Axis partner to German and Italy. The pattern for this declaration had been set many years before, and the final impetus for the move is said to have come when the Hungarian city of kassa was bombed, supposedly by Russian aircraft. According to Andris Kursietis, debate regarding this event is still occuring, and blame can not be placed firmly on any one source, although some have placed the blame on Germany in a scheme to draw Hungary into the war. Whom ever is to blame, the end result was a far reaching one, as it pulled Hungary firmly into the Axis forces.
(*According to Andris Kursietis, an acknowledged authority on the Hungarian armed forces, the term "mixed brigade" was a misnomer. It was in fact, a cover name for an army corps. Each of the 7 so-called mix brigades were actually corps, with the units making up their parts actually being brigades waiting to be formed. It was through this process that Hungary had prepared itself for mobilization in time of need, against the grain of the imposed Allied restrictions of the Treat of Trianon.)
(**So far, the removal of Hungarian territory and the experiances of the "Red Terror" in 1918 had provided the imputus for Hungary to move towards the Axis camp during the years preceeding WWII. With the Alliance with Italy in 1927 and later economic consessions towards Germany, Hungary became a very real potential member of the Axis forces.)
What was a result of new weapons technology during World War 1?
The war was the deadliest in history up to that point
Analyze the Movement toward social conservatism following World War 1?
straight bish my dude do ya apush hw
What did the machine gun do in World War 1?
During World War I, machine guns played a crucial role on the battlefield. Their impact was significant and multifaceted:
Defensive Power: Machine guns were highly effective in defensive positions. They could deliver a continuous stream of bullets, making it extremely difficult for enemy forces to advance. This led to the entrenchment of armies and contributed to the prolonged stalemates and trench warfare that characterized much of the Western Front.
Trench Warfare: The ability of machine guns to create "killing zones" in no-man's land made trench warfare particularly deadly. Soldiers faced heavy casualties as they attempted to cross these areas under constant fire, which often resulted in high death tolls and attrition.
Psychological Impact: The sheer firepower and constant noise of machine guns had a demoralizing effect on troops. The fear of being mowed down by machine gun fire contributed to the overall stress and psychological strain experienced by soldiers.
Tactical Changes: The use of machine guns forced changes in military tactics. Armies had to adapt by developing new strategies for infantry assault, including the use of artillery barrages to suppress machine gun positions before advancing.
Technological Evolution: The experiences of World War I spurred advancements in machine gun technology and tactics. The war saw improvements in the design and deployment of machine guns, which continued to evolve throughout the conflict and beyond.
Overall, machine guns were a game-changer in World War I, significantly altering the nature of warfare and contributing to the high casualty rates and the grueling conditions faced by soldiers.
What war did Russia fight aganist the Ottoman Empire?
Crimean
AnswerAnd two decades later the Russo-Turkish War. [Although the US Army never adopted the Winchester rifle, the Turkish Army used them against the Russians in this war.]What was on both the western and eastern fronts in 1915?
What are the Eastern and Western fronts? Who fought against whom in those areas? What are the Eastern and Western fronts? Who fought against whom in those areas? What are the Eastern and Western fronts? Who fought against whom in those areas?
What did the big three want to do t Germany at the Treaty of Versailles?
France wanted Germany to suffer badly as revenge for France's losses. Britain wanted the Treaty to be harsh, but not too harsh that it made Germany too weak to stop a possible communism spread from Russia to Western Europe. (N.B. This was Lloyd George's fear; the public just wanted Germany to suffer.) America felt it should stay out as much as possible of future European affairs, and only wanted to make peace with Germany and restrict her so she wouldn't start another war. See also : Answers.com -> How did personalities of the Big Three affect the Treaty of Versailles? And go to: http://pigeonproject.wordpress.com/2008/05/04/the-treaty-of-versaillas/
What was the weakness of the Central powers?
The Central Powers of World War I, had less men, guns and supplies than the Allied Forces. Due to the Allied navy, Germany's access to supplies, over seas colonies and other materials were effectively cut off. While the Allies were all powerful nations, Germany was the only power in the Central Powers.
Who did the Ottoman Empire ally themselves with in Word War 1?
It was Germany,Bulgaria,and Austria-Hungary.
How many British soldiers fought in World War I?
390 million
390 million BRITISH SOLDIERS!! Where did that come from?
There were 6-7 million British soldiers who served in WWI [ref National Archives] but not all served in a theatre of war.
well then ... how many british soldiers were killed or injured???
When did World War 1 start in Europe?
the war in Europe began at 2am September 1st, 1939 when Germany invaded Poland.
Central powers of world war 1?
the central powers in WW1 consisted of Germany, austria Hungary and the ottoman empire. bulgary
What was the capital of the ottoman empire during world war 1?
The capital city of the Ottoman Empire during the First World War was Constantinople.
What battle was the turning point in world war 1?
Gumbinnen, Tannenberg & the Masurian Lakes set the standard fare for the Russians in the First World War in the East. Despite the effects of the Brusilov offensive against the Austro/Hungarian forces by the time of Riga, in which poison gas shells wer used for the first time, the Russians were defeated. Poor leadership & technological inferiority typify the Russian war effort. As for a turning point ? It's just one defeat after another by and large. I suspect you meant to type WW2 and therefore the answer is Stalingrad, but that's another story.
Why Germany start World War 1?
Mostly because of the repression of the Treaty of Versailles. This treaty made Germany pay the Allies 132 billion marks. Before 1921 it was 226 billion marks, but it was impossible for Germany to pay that off. This led to inflation, and then the fall of the German economy. Also, much of Germany was taken, and the Danzig was occupied by Poland, creating a barrier between Germany and East Prussia. Germany's military was restricted, and many vehicles and guns were not allowed. The Germans could only recruit 100,000 troops and an air force was disallowed.
All of these led to the anger and frustration of Germany, and Hitler had promised to revive the economy and German to the former greatness. The people believed him and voted him the chancellor of Germany in 1933.
What was the date Germans Began unrestricted submarine warfare?
One sub would apear in the middle of the convoy and then when the ships would fire at it the other subs in the wolf pack would sink the bouts on the rim and then they would repeat this several times. and if the ships did not fire apon the sub in the middle then it would sink the ships from the midle out.
Why was Bulgaria involved in World War 1?
When World War I began, Bulgaria declared strict neutrality, but the Tsar (the King) and a Germanophile government under Vasil Radoslavov encouraged both sides to bid for Bulgarian intervention. In this contest, the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary and the German empire) could offer far more at the expense of Serbia, Greece, and, later, Romania, than could the Triple Etente (an alliance of Great Britain, France, and Russia), which had to take the interests of its smaller allies into account. During the summer of 1915, when the military balance swung in Germany's favour, Bulgaria committed to the Central Powers and declared war on Serbia on October 1 (October 14). Some of the neutralist and pro-Entente political figures objected, but none went as far as the Agrarian leader Stamboliyski, who threatened the tsar and issued a call for the troops to resist mobilization. For these acts he was arrested and condemned to life imprisonment.
What were the nicknames of soldiers in World War 1?
Germans had many nicknames in the World War I. Most popular nicknames of Germans are as below:
Deutsch, Alammani, Boche, Fritz, Heinies, Jerry, Kraut, Nazi, Teutons, Bosche, Bosch, Piefke, Oosterbuur, Preiss, Njemac, Mute, Friedrich, Sakslane, Alboche, Crucco, Tedesco, Mof, Muffe, Poep, Poepenlaand, Fryc, Szwab, Szkop, Pig-Swabian, Robber-neck,
Payments made by defeated nations for the damages they caused during a war?
That would be the definition of 'war reparations'.
Who was involved in unrestricted submarine warfare?
With the British blockade, it became hard to get supplies to soldiers, as well as many other issues that were made hard for germany. So they developed a devastating new weapon that they called "u-boats". These were armed with devastating torpedoes which could destroy neutral shipping and passenger liners. In a twist, something that made militaristic sense contributed to there own loss, since the American citizens and ships affected by this type of warfare, along with the Zimmerman tellegram, persuaded them to join the war.
Where was Franz Ferdinand assassinated?
Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo, Austria-Hungary (now the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina), on June 28, 1914, at about 11am.
