Chemical Engineering

The assumption to design heat exchanger is that it must be a shell and tube device. This device must allow the transfer of heat from one fluid to another without mixing the two fluids.

but not when it is at 300000

PC melting temp is approx 265 deg C, however its glass trans temp is 145 deg C - begins to 'soften'. Working limits are therefore below this value

Friction loss is the loss of energy that occurs in pipe flow due to viscous effects generated by the surface of the pipe. Shock loss is an huge loss that causes an adverse effect on an insurerâ??s assets.

the field of proces control en instrumentation deals with monitoring process parameters en adjust the process (control) based on that information. instrumentation is required to monitor and control the process, and varies from process to process

• About 10-25 % by weight of ashes can be used in cement.
• Ash is generally a replacement material in cement.
• Some of the ashes addes in cement are volcanic ashes, fly ashes, blast furnace slags.
  

rubber processing oil is used as a lubricator in tyre industry and as a raw material for plastic, chemical and rubber industry.

The largest conventional bomb is a thermobaric explosive. The largest of these is the Russian ATBIP (Aviation Thermobaric Bomb of Increased Power) or the Father of all Bombs. Its blast yield is estimated at equal to 44 tons of TNT.

Pre-commissioning is the testing of non-energized systems.

Commissioning is the testing of energized systems.

The specific heat of ethyl alcohol, used in most alcoholic beverages, is ~ 0.6 cal/g/°C.

The two most elementary forms of distillation are a continuous http://www.answers.com/topic/equilibrium-flash-vaporization and a simple http://www.answers.com/topic/batch-distillation. In a continuous equilibrium distillation, a continuously flowing liquid feed is heated or reduced in pressure (flashed) so as to cause partial vaporization. The vapor and liquid disengage while flowing through an open drum, and the products emerge as vapor and liquid streams. The vapor product can be condensed to form a liquid distillate. It is also possible to use a vapor feed, subjected to cooling and thereby http://www.answers.com/topic/partial-condensation, again followed by http://www.answers.com/topic/disengagement of the resultant vapor and liquid in an open drum. In a simple batch distillation, an entire batch of liquid is initially charged to a vessel and is then heated, typically by http://www.answers.com/topic/condensation of steam inside a metal http://www.answers.com/topic/coil within the vessel. Vapor is thereby continuously generated, and may be condensed to form a liquid distillate, which is collected. In the batch distillation, increments of vapor are formed in equilibrium with all liquid compositions ranging from the original to the final, whereas the continuous equilibrium distillation gives vapor in equilibrium with only the final liquid composition. Since the distillate consists primarily of the more volatile components and the feed liquid contains more of these substances than does the final liquid, the simple batch distillation gives a more http://www.answers.com/topic/enrichment distillate than does the continuous equilibrium distillation.

A CREE LED torch is like a normal battery powered torch, only using some newer features. The most important is the LED (Light Emitting Diode) invented by a American company named CREE. CREE LED's are mostly known for their efficiency. They are normally around 5 times more efficient then a Halogen light of the same spec.

There are three types of Iron

1. Pig Iron

2. Cast Iron

3. Wrought Iron (Commercially purest form of iron)

Fuel additives are used to improve an automobile's environmental performance and increase its mileage. Some homemade fuel additives are ethanol and a mixture of acetone, xylene and cycle oil.

There are many different kinds of sugars. They are a group of polysaccharides. Some sugars are simple, like glucose, and some are more complex, like wheat germ. Sugars in food come from plant sources. In fact, almost all plant foods including vegetables contain at least some sugar. Plants make sugar to store energy they collect from the sun.

electrons revolve around the nucleus . shell is the path of the electron whre the electrons revolves. subshell is the region around the nucleus where you can find the probability of electron most. so shell attains circular/elliptical shape where as subshell attains different shapes(spherical,dumb-bell...etc)

Swern oxidation is a type of chemical reaction that occurs in chemistry. It takes a primary alcohol and converts it to a ketone or aldehyde using DMSO or COCI2, along with an organic base.

Before the invention of the rotary kiln, cement production was a much more laborious process. It was usually stirred continuously in a wheelbarrow or other receptacle.

The new design of the fire fighting system, has a glass bulb around the sprinkler, and if the fire or temperature of the room reach a certain degree then the glass will shatter. When the glass shatters then automatically the sprinkler will shower the room with water.

Depends on temperature. For ASTM D323 the RVP of water is ~49.5 mmHg (torr) gauge or ~809 mmHg absolute (assuming standard pressure). FYI - ASTM D323 is measured at 100F.

A hammer mill uses a pounding motion to grind things. A ball mill grinder uses a roller to grind things. The ball mill grinder is going to be more efficient because the product is pushed through the rollers at a specified thickness.

A scale model of a Roman aqueduct will have water flowing from a higher source into a series of channels. An easy way to accomplish this would be to stack different size plastic bowls, with the smallest at the top. Each bowl will have a small hole in the bottom for drainage. The bottom bowl could be sitting on a piece of sod with ditches cut into it.

The formula for volume of a pipe (or hose) is V =(PI/4) * D2 * L Assuming that each section of hose is the same length, we can find the volume for each diameter hose. V2-inch = (PI/4)*(2 in)2*L = PI*L V1-inch = (PI/4)*(1in)2*L = 0.25PI*L So the ratio of volumes of 2 inch to 1 inch hose is : V2-inch / V1-inch = PI*L / 0.25PI*L = 4:1

p.t.f.e. means polytetrafluoroethylene. The most famous brand name for PTFE is Teflon.

I work in this industry. There is really no difference, it all depends on what the end user wants. Someone may tell you that a double ferrule system gives you better leak protection, but it doesn't, it is all about preference. Just a tidbit of info: Many people who know about tube fittings think that swagelok started the industry standard, but tylok's founder, actually was the inventor of the flareless fitting.